Abstract：
:Neglect dyslexia, a reading impairment acquired as a consequence of brain injury, is traditionally interpreted as a disturbance of selective attention. Patients with neglect dyslexia may ignore the left side of an open book, the beginning words of a line of text, or the beginning letters of a single word. These patients provide a rich but sometimes contradictory source of data regarding the locus of attentional selectivity. We have reconsidered the patient data within the framework of an existing connectionist model of word recognition and spatial attention. We show that the effects of damage to the model resemble the reading impairments observed in neglect dyslexia. In simulation experiments, we account for a broad spectrum of behaviors including the following: (1) when two noncontiguous stimuli are presented simultaneously, the contralesional stimulus is neglected (extinction); (2) explicit instructions to the patient can reduce the severity of neglect; (3) stimulus position in the visual field affects reading performance; (4) words are read much better than pronounceable nonwords; (5) the nature of error responses depends on the morphemic composition of the stimulus; and (6) extinction interacts with lexical knowledge (if two words are presented that form a compound, e.g., COW and BOY, the patient is more likely to report both than in a control condition, e.g., SUN and FLY). The convergence of findings from the neuropsychological research and the computational modeling sheds light on the role of attention in normal visuospatial processing, supporting a hybrid view of attentional selection that has properties of both early and late selection.
journal_name
J Cogn Neuroscijournal_title
Journal of cognitive neuroscienceauthors
Mozer MC,Behrmann Mdoi
10.1162/jocn.1990.2.2.96subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-04-01 00:00:00pages
96-123issue
2eissn
0898-929Xissn
1530-8898journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A fundamental question for social cognitive neuroscience is how and where in the brain the identities and actions of others are represented. Here we present a replication and extension of a study by Kable and Chatterjee [Kable, J. W., & Chatterjee, A. Specificity of action representations in the lateral occipito-tempo...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2010.21552
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The stop signal task (SST) is the gold standard experimental model of inhibitory control. However, neither SST condition-contrast (stop vs. go, successful vs. failed stop) purely operationalizes inhibition. Because stop trials include a second, infrequent signal, the stop versus go contrast confounds inhibition with a...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01503
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Absolute pitch (AP) is the rare ability to identify or produce different pitches without using reference tones. At least two sequential processing stages are assumed to contribute to this phenomenon. The first recruits a pitch memory mechanism at an early stage of auditory processing, whereas the second is driven by a...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00708
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent computational modeling and behavioral work indicate that age-related declines in the ability to represent task context may contribute to disruptions of working memory and selective attention in older adults. However, it is unclear whether age-related declines in context processing arise from a disruption of the...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892904322755593
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Grapheme-color synesthesia is a perceptual phenomenon where single graphemes (e.g., the letter "E") induce simultaneous sensations of colors (e.g., the color green) that were not objectively shown. Current models disagree as to whether the color sensations arise from increased short-range connectivity between anatomic...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00374
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forming a memory often entails the association of recent experience with present events. This recent experience is usually an information-rich and dynamic representation of the world around us. We here show that associating a static cue with a previously shown dynamic stimulus yields a detectable, dynamic representati...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01304
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two primary functions attributed to the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) network are retaining the temporal and spatial associations of events and detecting deviant events. It is unclear, however, how these two functions converge into one mechanism. Here, we tested whether increased activity with perceiving sal...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01392
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Observers spontaneously segment larger activities into smaller events. For example, "washing a car" might be segmented into "scrubbing," "rinsing," and "drying" the car. This process, called event segmentation, separates "what is happening now? from "what just happened." In this study, we show that event segmentation ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2010.21524
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The P300 is a known ERP component assessing stimulus value, including the value of a monetary reward. In parallel, the incentive value of reinforcers relies on the PFC, a major cortical projection region of the mesocortical reward pathway. Here we show a significant positive correlation between P300 response to money ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00166
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are great individual differences in learning abilities, but their neural bases, especially among normal populations, are not well understood. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and a training paradigm, the present study investigated individual differences in cerebral asymmetry in fusiform regions when p...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2006.18.6.923
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abstract Recent physiological experiments have shown that the responses of many neurons in V1 and V3a are modulated by the direction of gaze. We have developed a neural network model of the hierarchy of maps in visual cortex to explore the hypothesis that visual features are encoded in egocentric (spatio-topic) coordi...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1993.5.2.150
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The flexible allocation of attention enables us to perceive and behave successfully despite irrelevant distractors. How do acoustic challenges influence this allocation of attention, and to what extent is this ability preserved in normally aging listeners? Younger and healthy older participants performed a masked audi...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00761
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A task that has been intensively studied at the neural level is f lutter discrimination. I argue that f lutter discrimination entails a combination of a temporal assignment problem and a quantity comparison problem, and propose a neural network model of how these problems are solved. The network combines unsupervised ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2007.19.3.409
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neural mechanisms that mediate metacognitive ability (the capacity to accurately reflect on one's own cognition and experience) remain poorly understood. An important question is whether metacognitive capacity is a domain-general skill supported by a core neuroanatomical substrate or whether regionally specific ne...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00741
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abstract Alfonso Caramazza is the David T. McLaughlin Distinguished Professor at Dartmouth College. He received the B.A. degree in psychology from McGill University in 1970 and the Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 1974. He joined the Hopkins faculty in 1974 and taught there first in the Psychology Department and...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1995.7.2.303
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dynamically adjusting the right amount of goal shielding to varying situational demands is associated with the flexibility of cognitive control, typically linked with pFC functioning. Although stress hormones are found to also bind to prefrontal receptors, the link between stress and cognitive control remains elusive....
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00024
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An attention mechanism in the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus appears to be involved in the filtering of a location in a cluttered visual field, according to recent PET data. The mechanism in the pulvinar is assumed to be a particular type of circuit that reciprocally connects thalamic relay cells to cortical cells. ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1990.2.4.358
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Learning a new word requires discrimination between a novel sequence of sounds and similar known words. We investigated whether semantic information facilitates the acquisition of new phonological representations in adults and whether this learning enhancement is modulated by overnight consolidation. Participants lear...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00730
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to think logically is a hallmark of human intelligence, yet our innate inferential abilities are marked by implicit biases that often lead to illogical inference. For example, given AB ("if A then B"), people frequently but fallaciously infer the inverse, BA. This mode of inference, called symmetry, is log...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21330
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant advances in cognitive neuroscience can be achieved by combining techniques used to measure behavior and brain activity with neural modeling. Here we apply this approach to the initiation of rapid eye movements (saccades), which are used to redirect the visual axis to targets of interest. It is well known t...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892901564306
更新日期：2001-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A reliable observation in neuroimaging studies of cognitive control is the response of dorsal ACC (dACC) to events that demand increased cognitive control (e.g., response conflicts and performance errors). This observation is apparently at odds with a comparably reliable association of the dACC with the subjective exp...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00242
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sound waves emitted by two or more simultaneous sources reach the ear as one complex waveform. Auditory scene analysis involves parsing a complex waveform into separate perceptual representations of the sound sources [Bregman, A. S. Auditory scene analysis: The perceptual organization of sounds. London: MIT Press, 199...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00764
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abstract To study environmental modulation of synaptic molecular structure, the major postsynaptic density protein (mPSDp) from rat visual cortex was monitored. This membrane component, a Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase subunit, was measured during normal postnatal development and after visual deprivation. ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1991.3.3.252
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although brain changes associated with the acquisition of cognitive abilities in early childhood involve increasing localized specialization, little is known about the brain changes associated with the refinement of existing cognitive abilities that reach maturity in adolescence. The goal of this study was to investig...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2006.18.7.1045
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Attention-related sensory gain control in human extrastriate cortex is believed to improve the acuity of visual perception. Yet given wide variance in the spatial resolution of vision across the retina, it remains unclear whether sensory gain operates homogenously between foveal and nonfoveal retinotopic locations. To...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892905775008715
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We distinguish between strong and weak cognitive neuropsychology, with the former attempting to provide direct insights into the nature of information processing and the latter having the more modest goal of providing constraints on such theories. We argue that strong cognitive neuropsychology, although possible, is u...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1992.4.1.96
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrophysiological studies consistently find N400 effects of semantic incongruity in nonnative (L2) language comprehension. These N400 effects are often delayed compared with native (L1) comprehension, suggesting that semantic integration in one's second language occurs later than in one's first language. In this st...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21301
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Different structures within the medial-temporal lobe likely make distinct contributions to declarative memory. In particular, several current psychological and computational models of memory predict that the hippocampus and parahippocampal regions play different roles in the formation and retrieval of declarative memo...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2006.18.10.1654
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It remains a matter of controversy precisely what kind of neural mechanisms underlie functional asymmetries in speech processing. Whereas some studies support speech-specific circuits, others suggest that lateralization is dictated by relative computational demands of complex auditory signals in the spectral or time d...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892902320474526
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The parietal cortex has been implicated in a variety of numerosity and numerical cognition tasks and was proposed to encompass dedicated neural populations that are tuned for analogue magnitudes as well as for symbolic numerals. Nonetheless, it remains unknown whether the parietal cortex plays a role in approximate nu...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00991
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
