Abstract:
:Carnitine was discovered at the beginning of this century, but was nearly forgotten until its importance in fatty acid metabolism was established 50 years later. In the past years, several other functions of carnitine in cellular metabolism have been described. The lung contains more than 40 different cell types, most of them involved in lipid metabolism. Pulmonary surfactant, a complex of 90% lipids and 10% lung specific apoproteins, is synthesized and secreated from type II cells. Surfactant is present as a monolayer at the air-liquid interface in the alveoli and decreases surface tension. Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) is functionally and quantitatively the most important constituent of the surfactant complex. A deficiency in fetal lung surfactant is the primary cause of the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), the most severe complication of preterm infants. Glucocorticoids are frequently used to accelerate fetal pulmonary maturation. However, a considerable number of infants fail to respond to this therapy. Maternal administration of L-carnitine significantly increased the DPPC content of fetal rat lungs. The effect of maternal treatment with a carnitine-betamethasone combination was synergistic, especially with lower betamethasone doses. Consequently the minimal dose of betamethasone which affects the DPPC content and accelerate the morphological maturation of the fetal lung was determined. This minimal dose in combination with L-carnitine increased the DPPC content on day 19 of gestation to levels found on the 20th gestational day which allows the survival of most of the preterm rats (term 22 days). Results of clinical trials show that antenatal treatment with a low dose betamethasone-L-carnitine combination has a clear advantage over standard betamethasone therapy. A multicenter study is in progress. Plasma carnitine levels at delivery are decreased to about half of the concentrations seen in non-pregnant women. Similar low levels are found only in patients with carnitine deficiency. Already in the 12th week of gestation the mean whole blood and plasma carnitine levels were found to be significantly lower than those of controls. The reason for increased excretion of acylcarnitines during pregnancy is not known, but could be a detoxifying function similar to that found in patients with inborn errors of fatty acid metabolism and organic acidurias. Carnitine substitution (1 g daily) from the 20th gestational week up to parturition resulted in an increase of free carnitine levels in maternal plasma. A dosage of 0.5 g/day was without effect. Prolonged substitution in pregnant women, especially in risk pregnancies may be preferable to high doses of carnitine administered shortly before imminent premature delivery.
journal_name
Wien Klin Wochenschrjournal_title
Wiener klinische Wochenschriftauthors
Lohninger A,Laschan C,Auer B,Linhart L,Salzer Hsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-01-01 00:00:00pages
33-9issue
2eissn
0043-5325issn
1613-7671journal_volume
108pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Massive adrenal haemorrhage in the newborn frequently presents as an abdominal mass and is difficult to diagnose when this is the sole clinical feature. Surgery is indicated for the diagnosis and treatment of those cases in which a malignant tumour cannot be ruled out from the X-ray appearance with certainty. 3 cases ...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-10-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In developed countries high socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with lower body mass index (BMI) and greater height compared with low SES. AIM:To investigate differences in BMI/height in adolescent students from two different school types with divergent SES backgrounds. METHODS:A total of 4579 student...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-019-1479-4
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The goal of cardiac rehabilitation programs is not only to prolong life, but also to improve physical functioning, symptoms, wellbeing and health-related quality of life (HRQL). The aim of the study was to document short-term outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation programs in Austria. METHODS:Consecutive patien...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-006-0727-6
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty four children, aged 2 to 15 years, were treated by haemodialysis between 1967 and 1978. Eleven children suffered from acute renal failure. Twenty three children with end-stage chronic renal disease were treated over periods ranging from 1 week to 19 months. All children were dialysed in a renal unit for adult p...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::The blood schizontocidal activity of lumefantrine, monodesbutyl-benflumetol (DBB) and a 999:1 combination of both compounds has been investigated in 26 fresh isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from northwestern Thailand, using the WHO standard protocol Mark II for determining the inhibition of schizont maturation. The ...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-007-0861-9
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Our aim in this study was to investigate whether mean platelet volume (MPV) value could be used as an early marker to predict pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). METHODS:Overall, 44 patients with PID and 44 healthy women were included in the study. The control group consisted of 44 women who applied to the c...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-014-0560-2
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) occurs when serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations are raised and serum thyroid hormone concentrations are normal. The effect of SH on the proinflammatory adipose cytokine releasing visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is not clear. The aim of this study is to identif...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-015-0865-9
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stool samples from 523 children aged between 3 months and 6 years were examined for Cryptosporidium parvum by means of the direct immunofluorescence technique in March 1996. The specimens were sent to the Federal Public Health Laboratory in Innsbruck from general practitioners and pediatricians and from hospitals in T...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In end stage congestive heart failure activation of a series of compensatory mechanisms increase renal vascular resistance and impair renal function. Prostaglandin E1 is increasingly used in the treatment of severe heart failure for its vasodilating actions. In various experimental settings prostaglandin E analogues a...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Infections occurring during the early postoperative phase after liver transplantation result in a significant rise in morbidity and mortality. The records of 279 orthoptic transplantations performed in 248 patients were analyzed retrospectively. 55.6% of all patients suffered from one or more episodes of bacterial and...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-12-27 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify predictors of students' success in the first-year exam in a new curriculum in the study of medicine in Vienna. DESIGN:We tested 11 topics (including socio-demographic variables, family background, school performance, economic situation, living conditions, social integration and health, learning c...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-005-0477-x
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diphyllobothriosis is infestation with the fish tapeworm. Although the worldwide incidence has decreased in recent decades, increased travel and the new popularity of dishes involving raw fish (e.g. sushi) may provide a higher risk of infestation in formerly low-risk areas. We report an Austrian fisherman who passed a...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-005-0463-3
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Atherosclerosis and its clinical sequelae are responsible for the highest death rate in industrialized countries. Seroepidemiological, pathological and immunohistochemical studies have suggested a relation between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and the development of coronary sclerosis. Aim of this s...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed at elucidating lytic effector cell function in 32 schizophrenic patients and comparing the results with data obtained in 27 normal probands. Natural killer cell (NK) activity and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) were tested. Schizophrenics did not differ from normal controls in e...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Interpretation of lung function values in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) depends on the applied reference values. We hypothesize that differences between the new global lung function initiative (GLI) values and the formerly used Zapletal et al. values produce significantly different clinical results. We analyzed 3...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-017-1184-0
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endemic nephropathy (EN) is a renal disease of unknown etiology. In Croatia it occurs in the rural population in 14 villages located in the western part of Brodsko-Posavska county. This region also has an unusually high incidence of otherwise rare upper urothelial cancers. Between 1991 and 2002 the average general mor...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-005-0426-8
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various kinds of electric currents were examined with regard to their efficacy in the relief of pain when applied transdermally. The most suitable form of current was applied to 39 cases (who had been especially selected in a negative sense) suffering from intractable pain. About half were patients with malignant dise...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::In a psychophysiological study the spiral after-effect, as measured by means of the Archimedes spiral, was investigated in 182 patients with psychosomatic disorders including duodenal ulcers, ulcerative colitis, anorexia nervosa, asthma and heart neurosis and compared with the results obtained in a control group of he...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::In the newborn, presence of sleep-wake cycles indicates integrity and maturity of the central nervous system. By spectral EEG analysis and polygraphic recordings subtle variations of EEG background activity and behavioural patterns corresponding to early sleep-wake cycles have been found in preterm infants as young as...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-04-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In this study we investigated the neurolinguistic and neuroimaging characteristics of post-stroke motor aphasia patients. The effects of acupuncture on cortex activation by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with motor aphasia were also studied. METHODS:In this study 43 patients with motor a...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-016-1070-1
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Infection of the retroperitoneum after implantation of an abdomino-femoral aortic graft remains one of the main problems in vascular surgery. On basis of a critical review of own experiences we evaluated the management of this difficult clinical situation. PATIENTS:From 1970-1996 1500 aortofemoral graft oper...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::A large variety of methods and a wide range of products from several manufacturers are available for IgE-based in vitro allergy testing. In the large majority of cases, the attending physician lacks information about the devices and products used in the laboratory performing the tests. To determine the comparability a...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-014-0594-5
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) represent potentially life-threatening situations in adults. Therefore, rapid comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic measures with close monitoring of vital and laboratory parameters are required. The treatment of DKA and HHS is essentially t...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00508-018-1423-z
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serum hydroxyproline level enables a clinical assessment to be made of bone metabolism. A clinical-chemical method, which is described in detail, was applied in 50 control persons as well as in 76 patients with diseases of bones and/or joints. This method, which is a modification of the standard ion-exchange metho...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::In an autopsy series on 25 newborn infants who died in the perinatal period (19 with and 6 without respiratory distress syndrome [RDS]) the total phospho-lipid, lecithin, and sphingomyelin content was determined in lung homogenates as parameters of the surfactant content. Histologically, the newborn infants with RDS w...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::Cold-insoluble globulin (CIG) of plasma represents the soluble form of a fibroblast surface protein. As shown by affinity chromatography it is selectively adsorbed from plasma on immobilized collagen of various types. The following sequence of binding strength between CIG and collagen was evaluated by means of fractio...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-11-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Living donor kidney transplantation is a well-established method to reduce time on the waiting list. Although the laparoscopic donor nephrectomy has already been established worldwide, more than 80% of the living donor nephrectomies are performed as a traditional open donor nephrectomy in Germany. The aim of...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-011-0094-9
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxisomes were the latest subcellular organelles to be discovered. For a long time, due to limited knowledge of their function, peroxisomes were considered to play only a supporting role for other organelles in cellular metabolism. The discovery of specific metabolic pathways carried out exclusively in peroxisomes a...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite evidence for a bidirectional relationship between obesity and stress-related mental disorders, the general relationship between psychological stress and metabolism is still controversial. Only few studies have addressed this relationship in morbidly obese individuals. METHODS:The present study inves...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-019-01583-y
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The case of a 53-year-old patient with a 2-year history of Arndt-Gottron scleromyxoedema is reported. Typical lichenoid papules were found clinically, along with infiltration of acid mucopolysaccharides into the skin, which induces extensive elephantine-like thickening and hardening of the skin. The presence of abnorm...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-12-23 00:00:00