Abstract:
:Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Approximately, one third of diabetic patients develop diabetic nephropathy. As diabetes and its associated metabolic diseases are becoming epidemic, DN is emerging as a major health threat to humans. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic treatments for the disease. As a result, most DN cases progress to ESRD; patients with ESRD will need to undergo renal replacement through either dialysis or kidney transplantation. Therefore, developing new and effective means to control DN has been a major focus in the diabetes research. DN is a complex disease with pathological changes occurred in the glomerulus and renal tubules. It is, nonetheless, widely believed that the primary defects lie in the glomeruli, which lead to disrupting the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier. While a variety of factors contribute to the impairment of glomerular filtration function, a large body of evidence demonstrates that damage in podocytes is the leading cause. Renal fibrosis plays critical roles in promoting DN progression. The primary mechanism responsible for renal fibrosis is abnormal activation of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β pathway. Based on this understanding of DN pathogenesis, one strategy to control DN is to specifically protect podocytes from diabetes-induced injuries and to inhibit TGF-β signaling using gene therapy methodology. In this review, we will discuss the current research effort in developing gene therapy for DN.
journal_name
Curr Med Chemjournal_title
Current medicinal chemistryauthors
Lin X,Tao L,Tang Ddoi
10.2174/09298673113209990183subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-01-01 00:00:00pages
3774-84issue
30eissn
0929-8673issn
1875-533Xpii
CMC-EPUB-54463journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::It is well accepted that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is one of high risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC). This supports the notion that inflammation plays a key role in cancer development. Epidemiologic studies have shown that vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency is ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/0929867323666161202153028
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Potent enzyme inhibitors have long been recognized as powerful tools for assessing the physiological roles of enzymes and have led to the therapeutic drugs able to modulate their activities in vivo. However, to be valuable tools such inhibitors should be selective so that they do not interfere with other members of th...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867023371120
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence came out showing that oxidative stress has a pivotal role in development and maintenance of inflammation and aberrant immune responses. Biomarkers of oxidative stress may define the proportion of oxidative damage underlying pathological conditions, and also foresee and monitor the possible efficacy of therape...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867323666160902154748
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria are cytoplasmic double-membraned organelles that are involved in a myriad of key cellular regulatory processes. The loss of mitochondrial function is related to the pathogenesis of several human diseases. Over the last decades, an increasing number of studies have shown that dietary polyphenols can regula...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867324666170529101810
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is already an old acquaintance, there are often exciting discoveries that improve our knowledge of it and open new therapeutic possibilities. Moreover, well-established drugs, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), or be...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867311320100008
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the recent market approval of Pitolisant (Wakix®), the interest in clinical application for novel multifunctional histamine H3 receptor antagonists has clearly increased. Several combinations of different H3R pharmacophores with pharmacophoric elements of other G-protein coupled receptors, transporters or enzymes...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/0929867327666200806103144
更新日期:2020-08-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) has shown widespread utility in different psychiatric disorders, including a beneficial role in schizophrenic patients. Although the replenishment of glutathione and the antioxidant activity of NAC have been suggested as the mechanisms that improve such a wide range of disorders, none...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867326666191015091346
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs), an emerging and appealing drug discovery strategy, utilizing a single chemical entity to inhibit multitargets, was confirmed to be effective in reducing the likelihood of drug resistance, diminishing problems of dosing complexity, drug-drug interactions and toxicities, as well as ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867311320130011
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The story of antimalarials as antinflammatory drugs dates back several centuries. Chinin, the extract of the Cinchona bark, has been exploited since the 18th century for its antimalarial and antifebrile properties. Later, during the Second World War, the broad use of antimalarials allowed arguing their antirheumatic e...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867324666170911162331
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.2174/092986732618190821115641
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dose-limiting toxicity to healthy tissues is among the major hurdles in anticancer treatment along with intrinsic or acquired multi-drug resistance. Development of small molecule inhibitors (SMI) specific for antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins is a novel approach in a way that these antagonists are aimed to interfere with s...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986712800099839
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anthocyanins are generally considered to be the largest and the most important group of water-soluble pigments in plants. They are widely consumed by humans as natural compounds of vegetables, fruits, and red wine. Anthocyanins as well as other flavonoids show protective qualities against variety of pathologies, inclu...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/09298673113209990153
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric Oxide (NO) is a signaling radical, highly diffusible pleiotropic regulator of a large set of different molecular and biological pathways, including, neurotransmission, vasodilatation and macrophagemediated responses against infections. It is produced from the amino acid L-Arginine and oxygen by the enzymatic ac...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867323666160727105101
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reversible phosphorylation is a key mechanism for regulating the biological activity of many human proteins that affect a diverse array of cellular processes, including protein-protein interactions, gene transcription, cell-cycle progression and apoptosis. Once viewed as simple house keeping enzymes, recent studies ha...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867023368836
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the human brain several cell types are capable of initiating and amplifying a brain specific inflammatory response involving the synthesis of cytokines, prostaglandins and oxygen free radicals. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), signs of an inflammatory activation of microglia and astroglia are present inside and outside...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867023371292
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecules in biological systems often can perform more than one function. In particular, many molecules have the ability to chemically scavenge free radicals and thus act in the test tube as antioxidant, but their main biological function is by acting as hormones, ligands for transcription factors, modulators of enzym...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867043365332
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular signaling is regulated by several biochemical reactions, whose dynamics depends on changes in the fluxes of specific ligands through the containment barriers that are the biological membranes. The regulation of this complex dynamic equilibrium is mainly due to the activity of border proteins, that must be abl...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986710790980087
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein p53 is a key player in mitochondrial mediated apoptotic cell death and excess p53 activity has been implicated in many disease states such athrosclerosis, diabetes, osteoarthritis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, AIDS, P. falciparum and S. typhimurium infections. Thus, chemical ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986709788681976
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of iron chelators as anti-tumor agents is still in its infancy. Iron is important for cellular proliferation and this is demonstrated by observations that iron-depletion results in cell cycle arrest and also apoptosis. In addition, many iron chelators are known to inhibit ribonucleotide reductase, the iron-c...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986712800609706
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Receptor-binding peptides have attracted an enormous interest in targeting molecules for the development of tumour specific radiopharmaceutical compounds. The overexpression of many receptors on human tumour makes such peptide-ligands attractive agents for diagnostic imaging and therapy of cancers. The use of solid-ph...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/092986710791859388
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aberrant activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 occurs in many human tumors. Constitutive STAT3 activity induces specific target genes that stimulate cell proliferation, prevent apoptosis, promote angiogenesis and facilitate tumor immune evasion. Thus, STAT3 is an attractive molecu...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711796957284
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aberrant signaling caused by mutations in the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway and its upstream activators critically contributes to human tumor development. Strategies, which aim at inhibiting hyperactive signaling molecules, appear conceptually straight forward, but their translation into clinical practice has been hampered ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986707780059670
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in combinatorial chemistry, high-throughput screening, and molecular modeling have revolutionized the process of drug discovery in the pharmaceutical industry. Drug discovery efforts for the primary protozoal parasitic diseases of the developing world, malaria, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis, have also be...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867003374615
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a member of the CC chemokine family that plays a key role in the inflammatory process. It has been broadly studied in the aspect of its role in obesity and diabetes related diseases. MCP-1 causes the infiltration of macrophages into obese adipose tissue via bindi...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867324666170303162935
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of MRI in the armory of diagnostic modalities for the medicine of the forthcoming years largely depends on how chemistry will provide advanced tools to meet the medical needs. This review aims at outlining the most innovative approaches that have been undertaken in the recent history of MRI contrast agents fo...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986710793213823
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of bacterial strains with resistance to currently marketed antibacterial agents has spurred interest in the discovery of new antibacterial agents with novel modes of action. One set of potential novel targets are the family of bacterial aminoacyltRNA synthetases (AaRS). Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are the...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986712801323199
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are essential for the degradation and turnover of components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and, when pathologically elevated, mediate connective tissue loss (including bone destruction) in various inflammatory and other diseases. Tetracyclines (TCs) are known inhibitors of mammalia...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/092986712802884295
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein Kinase Inhibitors (PKIs) and Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors (HDACIs) are two important classes of anticancer agents and have provided a variety of small molecule drugs for the treatment of various types of human cancers. However, malignant tumors are of a multifactorial nature that can hardly be "cured" by tar...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/0929867327666200102115720
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein-ligand docking is currently an important tool in drug discovery efforts and an active area of research that has been the subject of important developments over the last decade. These are well portrayed in the rising number of available protein-ligand docking software programs, increasing level of sophisticatio...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867311320180002
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::From the discovery of Endothelial Progenitor Cells (EPC), these bone marrowderived precursors have been placed as crucial mediators of the endothelial repair. Accordingly, altered levels and function of EPC have been found in different scenarios of CV risk. Despite the fact that EPC exhibit important characteristics w...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867324666170428110311
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00