Advances in metal-based probes for MR molecular imaging applications.

Abstract:

:The role of MRI in the armory of diagnostic modalities for the medicine of the forthcoming years largely depends on how chemistry will provide advanced tools to meet the medical needs. This review aims at outlining the most innovative approaches that have been undertaken in the recent history of MRI contrast agents for tackling the challenges of sensitivity and specificity required by the new generation of contrast agents that should allow the visualization of pathological processes occurring on cellular and molecular scale (the so-called Molecular Imaging). Most of the classes of MRI agents clinically approved or currently under investigation in a preclinical phase exploit peculiar magnetic properties of metals. The conventional agents acting as T(1) or T(2)/T(2)* relaxation enhancers are primarily based on the paramagnetic or the superparamagnetic properties of Gd(III)-, Mn(II)- and iron oxides systems. Recently, there has been a renewed interest towards paramagnetic lanthanide complexes with an anisotropic electronic configuration thanks to their ability to induce strong effect on the resonance frequency of the spins dipolarly coupled with them. Such systems, formerly mainly used as shift reagents, have now attracted much attention in the emerging field of Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) MRI agents.

journal_name

Curr Med Chem

authors

Terreno E,Dastrù W,Delli Castelli D,Gianolio E,Geninatti Crich S,Longo D,Aime S

doi

10.2174/092986710793213823

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-01-01 00:00:00

pages

3684-700

issue

31

eissn

0929-8673

issn

1875-533X

pii

BSP/CMC/E-Pub/ 239

journal_volume

17

pub_type

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