Abstract：
PURPOSE:To describe systematic methods developed over 40 years among over 5000 patients at The Taste and Smell Clinic in Washington, DC to evaluate taste and smell dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A tripartite methodology was developed. First, methods to determine clinical pathology underlying the multiple disease processes responsible for taste and smell dysfunction were developed. Second, methods to determine biochemical parameters responsible for these pathologies were developed. Third, methods to implement these techniques were developed to form a unified basis upon which treatment strategies can be developed to treat these patients. RESULTS:Studies were performed in 5183 patients. Taste loss was present in 62% of patients, smell loss in 87%. Most patients with taste loss (52%) exhibited Type II hypogeusia; most patients with smell loss (56%) exhibited Type II hyposmia. Sensory distortions were present in 60%. Four common diagnostic entities were found: post influenza-type hyposmia and hypogeusia (27% of patients), idiopathic causes (16%), allergic rhinitis (15%) and post head injury (14%). Regardless of clinical diagnosis the major biochemical abnormality found in most patients (~70%) was diminished parotid salivary and nasal mucus secretion of cAMP and cGMP. CONCLUSIONS:Taste and smell dysfunctions are common clinical problems associated with chronic disease processes. These symptoms require a systematic, integrated approach to understand their multiple and complex components. The approach presented here can and has led to effective treatment.
journal_name
Am J Otolaryngoljournal_title
American journal of otolaryngologyauthors
Henkin RI,Levy LM,Fordyce Adoi
10.1016/j.amjoto.2013.04.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-09-01 00:00:00pages
477-89issue
5eissn
0196-0709issn
1532-818Xpii
S0196-0709(13)00104-Xjournal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:Provide data to support expansion of FDA indications for the Bone anchored hearing system (BAHS). MATERIALS AND METHODS:This retrospective study in a tertiary otologic referral center included106 consecutive subjects who were implanted with a Bone Anchored Hearing System (BAHS) between January 2009 and January...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102864
更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Determine the outcome of hearing in Meniere's Disease (MD) after antiviral treatment. STUDY DESIGN:Prospective study. SETTING:University Hospital. METHODS:Thirty one new patients with a diagnosis of MD were treated with antiviral drugs during 2012. Acyclovir or valacyclovir was used depending on insurance ...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2014.03.016
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This clinical review presents a survey of the different types of epithelial neoplasms in the parotid gland. The incidence, histopathological classification, grade of malignancy, and staging system are discussed. Diagnostic procedures are reviewed and a scheme for treatment is proposed for the different types of epithe...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0196-0709(80)80011-1
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to investigate the relationship between peripheral vertigo and inflammation by using the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an inflammatory marker. We recruited 103 patients with peripheral vertigo (71 women, 32 men; mean age, 39.8 ± 14.7 years) who presented to the Otolaryngology Department of Dumlupina...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2014.08.004
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Some cochlear implant (CI) patients lose their residual hearing during surgery. Two factors that might play a role in residual hearing loss are the change in intracochlear hydraulic pressure and force on the cochlear wall during electrode insertion. The aim of this study is to investigate whether a difference i...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102859
更新日期：2020-12-29 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To review rates of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) at a quaternary medical center, including the impact of narcotic versus nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) postoperative pain management. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective review was performed of tonsillectomies conducted at a single instituti...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2018.03.028
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To describe the results of posterior conjunctival plication for the treatment of secondary eyelid ptosis after eyelid retraction repair in Graves disease. METHODS:Case series. All patients were evaluated preoperatively by routine eye examination and eyelid measurements including Margin Reflex Distance 1 and le...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2013.03.015
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Primary non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) of the sinonasal tract comprise a rare entity that constitutes 1.5% of all NHLs and 2.2% of extranodal lymphomas in the whites. Clinical diagnosis may be very challenging because of the variety and low specificity of the presenting symptoms and signs. METHODS-RESULTS:We ...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2005.09.019
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:A murine model of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was used to determine the role of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites in the growth of SCC of the head and neck. MATERIALS AND METHODS:C3H/HeJ mice bearing SCC (SCC VII) were treated with cyclooxygenase inhibitors (piroxicam and nabumetone) or a 5-lipoxygenase inhi...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0709(97)90041-7
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Malignant cutaneous adnexal tumors (MCAT) are rare and comprise a heterogeneous group of cancers. There have been several studies reviewing prognostic factors of these tumors, but no studies focusing on the head and neck. This study aimed to review a large population based database to evaluate prognostic fac...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2018.09.011
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The influence on balance by the peripheral vestibular disturbance in Ménière's disease is studied. The influence of visual and proprioceptive support in balance is evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Patients with recurrent spontaneous vertigo attacks (n = 134) were studied, 90 with Ménière's disease and 44 ...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0196-0709(93)90114-m
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The laryngeal mask airway (LMA) is regarded as a safer supraglottic airway for general anesthesia compared with conventional endotracheal tubes. We report a case of bilateral vocal cord palsy temporarily observed after using the LMA, which required urgent tracheotomy. Severe swelling of the arytenoid suggested that bi...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2006.07.001
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Although tinnitus patients have different audiometric configuration, we evaluated them using the same approach. Thus we analyzed the clinical features of patients with subjective tinnitus classified according to audiometric configuration. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study cohort consisted of 123 patients with su...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2015.08.009
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether the racial/ethnical disparity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma exists among the four major ethical groups in the United States named Asians, Caucasians, African Americans and Hispanics between the years of 1973 to 2013 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database. ME...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2019.102288
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments performed within the last 15 years on cochleas of live animals indicate that the cochlear sound analysis is much sharper than was expected from Békésy's experiments on postmortem preparations. The mechanism underlying the sharp analysis has not yet been ascertained experimentally. However, details of mecha...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0709(82)80032-x
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Eustachian tube balloon dilation (ETBD) has been recently described as feasible treatment for patients with refractory Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ETBD in the treatment of symptomatic Eustachian tube dysfunction (SETD) by subjective and objective anal...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2015.10.010
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Bone-cement (BC) ossiculoplasty is one of the options to solve ossicular chain problems. Many authors reported successful results in the early or mid-follow-up period; however, there is no long-term result in the literature. We aim to evaluate long term results of BC ossiculoplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Forty...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2020.102620
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Profound unilateral sensorineural hearing loss is an indication for the placement of a bone anchored hearing aid. In a few unfortunate patients who later develop contralateral hearing loss, a cochlear implant becomes a good option. We present our experience in these cases and discuss our technique for single stage con...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2015.05.003
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to assess the diagnosis accuracy rate of neck ultrasonography (US) characteristics in thyroid cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A retrospective study of patients who underwent thyroid surgery for palpable thyroid nodules at the department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, Kaohsiung...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2008.07.003
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Lymph node density(LND) has been shown to be a better prognosticator than conventional nodal classification to predict prognosis for squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the oral cavity. However, studies focusing on subsites of oral cancer are meager. The role of LND for buccal SCC was evaluated in this study. METH...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2017.05.001
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effectiveness of the auditory brainstem evoked response (ABR) test as a screening test for permanent hearing loss in neonates is examined in 32 published studies including 4,945 infants. Follow-up studies validating initial test failure were available for only 658 infants. Significant differences in methodology ex...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0196-0709(85)80050-8
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present report describes an original surgical procedure for the mandibular reconstruction of 2 different defects using a single fibular flap. In addition to the habitual osteotomies, we resected a bone fragment from the middle portion of the flap, with care taken to maintain the integrity of the pedicle throughout...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2007.07.003
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharyngocutaneous fistulization is a dreaded and devastating complication of laryngectomy. Although the specific risk factors are controversial, a history of prior radiation therapy has generally been accepted to be a major risk factor for developing this complication. We present a case of a postlaryngectomy pharyngoc...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/ajot.2002.126318
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the combined use of a nanocarbon (NC) suspension and low-dose 99mTc-MIBI for parathyroid localization during surgery in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT). METHODS:Between March 2010 and September 2015, 40 patients with sHPT were enrolled in this study and were randomized to re...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2017.12.008
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:A case-control study was done to confirm the higher prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) among sickle cell patients (HbSS) from southern Brazil. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Twenty-eight patients and 28 matched normal controls were studied. Besides complete anamneses and physical otolaryngological examinati...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0709(00)85001-2
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 37-year old man had laryngeal myxoma arising from the lingual surface of the epiglottis. Laryngeal myxoma appears to be rare, as the authors' review of the literature failed to reveal any cases reported in the past two decades. ...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0709(86)80036-9
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:In this study, we aimed to determine the function of the cochlea and peripheral and central auditory pathways with migraine. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Fifty-eight patients with migraine and 40 healthy subjects were assessed using routine diagnostic audiometry along with transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TOAE...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2011.10.008
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bacteriology of acute otitis media in 18 children eight to 17 years of age was investigated through the use of culture of middle ear exudate obtained by tympanic membrane puncture. Equal numbers of children had either Hemophilus influenzae (six) or Streptococcus pneumoniae (six) in the middle ear exudate. Acute ot...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0709(81)80004-x
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A regional random pattern flap is described which may be used to cover the mastoid area in cases in which the inferior auricle and adjacent tissue have been removed by trauma or surgery. The viability of this vascularized tissue offers a distinct advantage over skin grafting when protection of exposed facial nerve and...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0196-0709(88)80032-2
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life (QoL) of adult CI users with the QoL of adults in the healthy and normal-hearing population. MATERIALS AND METHODS:31 patients with CIs were included in the CI group, and 31 normal-hearing subjects were included in the control group. The QoL was evaluate...
journal_title：American journal of otolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amjoto.2019.06.010
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
