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Altered expression of bladder mast cell growth factor receptor (c-kit) in interstitial cystitis.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVES:To investigate the presence of mast cell growth factor receptors (c-kit) on bladder mast cells in interstitial cystitis (IC), a bladder condition occurring primarily in women. IC is characterized by pain, urgency, frequency, and mucosal microhemorrhages discernible with cystoscopy under general anesthesia. One of the prevailing theories to explain IC pathophysiology is the increased number of bladder mast cells, many of which are activated in at least a subgroup of IC patients. Stem cell factor (SCF), also known as c-kit ligand, is now recognized as the key molecule responsible for mast cell proliferation and is known to exert its action through specific surface receptors. METHODS:Bladder specimens from patients with IC, identified by the criteria established by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), and control patients were obtained during diagnostic cystoscopy and were immediately fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. They were then examined by immunohistochemistry for the unique proteolytic mast cell enzyme tryptase or the presence of c-kit, or both. RESULTS:Bladders of IC patients contained a higher number of mast cells than control patients. However, mast cells in IC patients expressed fewer c-kit on their surface than those in control patients. These results could be explained if the c-kit were occupied by endogenous SCF or were downregulated, possibly by internalization after ligand-receptor interactions, making them inaccessible to immunocytochemical detection. CONCLUSIONS:Bladder mastocytosis and/or activation of mast cells, in at least a subpopulation of IC patients, may be explained by increased stimulation of mast cells by SCF. These results could be explained either by a mutation leading to constitutive activation of c-kit or overproduction of c-kit ligand leading to bladder mast cell proliferation in IC.

journal_name

Urology

journal_title

Urology

authors

Pang X,Sant G,Theoharides TC

doi

10.1016/s0090-4295(98)00032-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1998-06-01 00:00:00

pages

939-44

issue

eissn

0090-4295

issn

1527-9995

pii

S0090-4295(98)00032-6

journal_volume

pub_type

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Altered expression of bladder mast cell growth factor receptor (c-kit) in interstitial cystitis.