Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Capsaicin and its nonpungent analog (capsinoids) are known to be food ingredients that increase energy expenditure and decrease body fat. This article reviews the role of brown adipose tissue (BAT) for the thermogenic effect of these compounds in humans and proposes the possibility of some other antiobesity food ingredients. RECENT FINDINGS:A single oral ingestion of capsinoids increases energy expenditure in human individuals with metabolically active BAT, but not those without it, indicating that capsinoids activate BAT and thereby increase energy expenditure. This finding gave a rational explanation for discrepant results of the effects of capsinoids in the previous studies. Human BAT may be largely composed of inducible 'beige' adipocytes more than typical brown adipocytes because its gene expression patterns are similar to beige cells isolated from murine white fat depots. In fact, preadipocytes isolated from supraclavicular fat deposits - where BAT is often detected - are capable of differentiating into brown-like adipocytes in vitro, providing evidence of inducible brown adipogenesis in adult humans. SUMMARY:As human BAT may be inducible, a prolonged ingestion of capsinoids would recruit active BAT and thereby increase energy expenditure and decrease body fat. In addition to capsinoids, there are numerous food ingredients that are expected to activate BAT and so be useful for the prevention of obesity in daily life.
journal_name
Curr Opin Lipidoljournal_title
Current opinion in lipidologyauthors
Saito M,Yoneshiro Tdoi
10.1097/MOL.0b013e32835a4f40subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
71-7issue
1eissn
0957-9672issn
1473-6535pii
00041433-201302000-00012journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Familial hypercholesterolemia is associated with a high lifetime risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). However, this risk is variable. This review evaluates recent evidence related to ASCVD risk stratification in familial hypercholesterolemia considering aspects of phenotype and geno...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000391
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Alterations in the gut microbiome composition or function are associated with risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. Based on recent evidence that also oral medications used to treat these conditions could alter the gut microbiome compositi...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000727
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the recent studies on intensive glucose control and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes, to discuss potential reasons for discordant results among recent trials, and to comment on implications for clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS:Three large randomized controlled t...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e328332dfaa
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The metabolic syndrome has been emphasized as affecting an important subset of individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease leading the National Cholesterol Educational Program Adult Treatment Panel III in highlighting awareness of insulin-resistance syndrome. Insulin resistance is thought to b...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000174401.07056.56
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism and regulation of the degradation of cholesterol into bile acids has attracted increased interest, in particular after the recent discovery that nuclear receptors (farnesoid X receptor and liver X receptor) are involved in the regulation of bile acid synthesis. Recently, it has also been shown that the b...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200104000-00002
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It is well recognized that adipose tissue in obesity is characterized by macrophage accumulation and local inflammation. This review summarizes current evidence regarding dietary cholesterol on adipose tissue macrophage accrual, systemic inflammation and its potential link to atherosclerosis. RECENT ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/mol.0b013e32831bef8b
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Familial hypercholesterolaemia is a hereditary disorder of lipoprotein metabolism which causes a lifelong increase in LDL-C levels resulting in premature coronary heart disease. The present review looks at some of the recent literature on how molecular methods can be used to assist in the definitive d...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000430
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review describes recent advances that have been made in the separation of HDL subfractions by physicochemical and immunological methods and the relationship between the particles obtained by the different procedures. The metabolic interconversions that occur as a result of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199405030-00013
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review discusses recent progress in the role of ATP-binding cassette proteins ABCG5 and G8 in dietary sterol absorption, excretion and pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. RECENT FINDINGS Identification of the genetic defect(s) underlying sitosterolemia has led to a renewed interest in the me...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000083763.66245.18
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cytokines interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and, potentially, to atherogenesis. The synthesis of these cytokines in humans can be suppressed by oral intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. This mechanism may contribute to the beneficial effect of lon...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199602000-00011
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article provides recent insights on the early onset of atherosclerosis in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and reports on novel treatment options as well as on the consequences of long-term statin use in childhood. RECENT FINDINGS:Children with familial hypercholesterolemia have greate...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000177
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antithrombotic therapy has assumed a central role in the therapy of the acute coronary syndromes and chronic coronary artery disease. The theoretical rationale for antithrombotic therapy, and the established and evolving roles of antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants in coronary disease are reviewed. Emphasis is focu...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199408000-00007
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inhibiting effect of insulin on the mobilization of free fatty acids (FFA) from adipose tissue is halted in prevalent conditions with systemic insulin resistance. The nature and cause of this perturbation are unknown, but steroid hormones may be involved. The consequence is the creation or amplification of insulin...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199405030-00003
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review how leveraging familial hypercholesterolemia registries can impact molecular genetic research and precision medicine. RECENT FINDINGS:Familial hypercholesterolemia is both much more common and more phenotypically heterogeneous than previously thought with some evidence for significant genot...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000398
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and especially its inflammatory variant nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have become a major challenge to healthcare systems worldwide because of the increasing prevalence of its major risk factors obesity and type 2 diabetes, which are closely linked to overeating, ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32834c7cfc
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipid-poor apolipoproteins remove cellular cholesterol and phospholipids by an active transport pathway controlled by an ATP binding cassette transporter called ABCA1 (formerly ABC1). Mutations in ABCA1 cause Tangier disease, a severe HDL deficiency syndrome characterized by a rapid turnover of plasma apolipoprotein A...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200006000-00005
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Fibrates continue to be a viable treatment option for mixed atherogenic dyslipidemia, and recent reports from clinical studies have shed new light on the therapeutic utility of fibrates for the prevention of microvascular and macrovascular disease, especially in combination with statins. RECENT FINDI...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32834701c3
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolism of chylomicrons and their remnants is a highly facilitated route to distribute energy from the diet for storage in adipose tissue or immediate use in the muscles. It has been proposed that chylomicron remnants are atherogenic, and a delayed clearance of chylomicron remnants seems to be associated with c...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199506000-00003
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on evidence that hormone replacement therapy is cardioprotective, enthusiasm for universal hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women has grown Estrogens lower LDL, raise HDL, dilate arteries and reduce LDL oxidation potential. However, the benefits of hormone replacement therapy must be weighed against...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199612000-00005
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study showed that a 35% decrease in LDL-cholesterol was accompanied by a 42% reduction in coronary mortality. Even if the period of time is longer than 1 year for the divergence of survival curves in the simvastatin and placebo groups there are reasons to believe that the benefici...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199512000-00007
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this review is to present the latest findings on the role of the circadian clock in the control of metabolism, and the therapeutic potential of chronotherapy to regulate energy homeostasis in humans. RECENT FINDINGS:We summarized the recent advances related to circadian clock regulation of...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000722
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review examines recent evidence proposing that lipids and lipoproteins can act as nuclear factors regulating chromatin structure. These novel data broaden our understanding of the mechanisms by which lipoproteins can affect basic biological phenomena such as transcription, genome stability, and c...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mol.0000180165.70077.ee
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Epidemiological and clinical studies link low levels of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, genetic polymorphisms linked to HDL-C do not associate consistently with CVD risk, and randomized clinical studies of drugs that elevate HDL-C v...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000446
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To provide an update on recent mechanistic and clinical trial data related to the actions and efficacy of niacin. RECENT FINDINGS:Recent mechanistic studies have provided novel insights regarding the mechanism of action of niacin. Studies of the purported niacin receptor, GPR109A, indicate that niaci...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000017
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The fish fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may promote cardiometabolic health. This review summarizes the results of recent meta-analyses of prospective studies on cardiovascular diseases, diabetes type 2 and markers of atherosclerosis and thrombosis. RECENT FINDI...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000041
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in the developed world. Current surgical and pharmacological interventions are essentially palliative and interest in preventive strategies, particularly through nutrition and avoidance of tobacco has increased in recent years. Basic scientific, clinical and epidemi...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-200012000-00003
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abetalipoproteinemia is a recessive genetic disease in humans characterized by the virtual absence of apolipoprotein (apo)B and apoB-containing lipoproteins in plasma. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), a resident lipid transfer protein within the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes and enterocytes, has ...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00041433-199404000-00003
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It is well accepted that LDLs and its modified form oxidized-LDL (ox-LDL) play a major role in the development of atherosclerosis and foam cell formation. Whereas the majority of these cells have been demonstrated to be derived from macrophages, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) give rise to a significant nu...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0000000000000113
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize the therapeutic strategies to inhibit PCSK9 and to describe the main results obtained in phase I and II trials with monoclonal antibodies targeting PCSK9. RECENT FINDINGS:Among the various approaches for PCSK9 inhibition, human data are only available for inhibition of PCSK9 binding to L...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e3283613a3d
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) contributes to many atherogenic steps in the vascular wall, but the significance of oxLDL in circulating blood remains unclear. Recent progress in procedures for measuring both human and murine oxLDL has provided growing evidence of the importance of circulating oxLDL. RECENT FIN...
journal_title:Current opinion in lipidology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOL.0b013e32832fa58d
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00