Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To compare inhaled pentamidine with intravenous pentamidine for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). DESIGN:A randomized trial. SETTING:Community teaching hospital and hospital-based outpatient treatment center. PATIENTS:Twenty-one homosexual men with pneumocystis pneumonia; 11 received inhaled pentamidine and 10 received intravenous pentamidine. INTERVENTION:Inhaled (8 mg/kg body weight) or intravenous (4 mg/kg body weight) pentamidine administered daily for 21 days. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:All patients responded to intravenous pentamidine, whereas 6 of 11 (55%; 95% CI, 23% to 83%; P = 0.02, Fisher exact test) responded to inhaled pentamidine therapy. Two patients who failed inhaled pentamidine therapy eventually died despite appropriate intravenous therapy (mortality rate, 18%; CI, -6% to 42%). Nonresponders to inhaled pentamidine had a greater severity of illness compared with responders to this therapy, as shown by a lower mean (+/- SE) Pao2 (8.0 +/- 0.4 kPa compared with 10.8 +/- 0.6 kPa; P = 0.005) and higher alveolararterial Po2 difference (6.8 +/- 0.6 kPa compared with 2.8 +/- 0.8 kPa; P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS:Inhaled pentamidine is probably as effective as intravenous pentamidine in patients with mild pneumocystis pneumonia. However, its use as sole therapy in patients with moderate to severe pneumocystis pneumonia is not supported by the results of our study and is not warranted.
journal_name
Ann Intern Medjournal_title
Annals of internal medicineauthors
Soo Hoo GW,Mohsenifar Z,Meyer RDdoi
10.7326/0003-4819-113-3-195subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-08-01 00:00:00pages
195-202issue
3eissn
0003-4819issn
1539-3704journal_volume
113pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:BACKGROUND:Four months of rifampin treatment for latent tuberculosis infection is safer, has superior treatment completion rates, and is as effective as 9 months of isoniazid. However, daily medication costs are higher for a 4-month rifampin regimen than a 9-month isoniazid regimen. OBJECTIVE:To compare health care us...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/M19-3741
更新日期:2020-08-04 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine which procedures nephrologists do in practice, where they learned the procedures, and how much training they recommend to achieve and maintain clinical competence in each. DESIGN:Mailed survey. PARTICIPANTS:A random sample of 700 members of the American College of Physicians who were identified...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-113-5-392
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The irritable bowel syndrome is a common chronic disorder having a broad clinical spectrum of severity. Although only a small proportion of those afflicted seek medical help for their symptoms, a subset have severe and intractable symptoms. A positive diagnosis should be established from the history and physical exami...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-116-12-1009
更新日期:1992-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antioxidant vitamins are thought to play a role in atherosclerosis. Supplementation of these nutrients has been explored as a means of reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. PURPOSE:To assess the evidence of the effectiveness of vitamin supplementation, specifically vitamins A, C, and E; beta-caro...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-139-1-200307010-00014
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The usefulness of HbA, as a monitor of metabolic control was studied in 15 diabetic outpatients during periods of stable, deteriorating, and improving control. Mean fasting concentrations of HbA, and plasma glucose during a 3-month period of stable control were 12.6% +/- 0.8% and 120 +/- 8 mg/dL, respectively. One wee...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-92-3-357
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical implications of newly acquired left bundle-branch block (LBBB) were examined prospectively in the Framingham Study population. During 18 years of observation 55 people developed LBBB. The mean age at the onset of LBBB was 62; LBBB occurred largely in people with antecedent hypertension, cardiac enlargemen...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-90-3-303
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pharmaceutical companies and other trial sponsors must submit certain trial results to ClinicalTrials.gov. The validity of these results is unclear. PURPOSE:To validate results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov against publicly available U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reviews on Drugs@FDA. DATA SOURCES...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M15-2658
更新日期:2016-09-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hospice providers contend that enrollment reduces the cost of the Medicare programs, but estimates of effects are dated, methodologically limited, and focused on persons with cancer. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the effects of hospice care on Medicare program payments during the last year of life from 1996 to 1999...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-140-4-200402170-00009
更新日期:2004-02-17 00:00:00
abstract::This issue provides a clinical overview of plantar fasciitis focusing on prevention, diagnosis, treatment, practice improvement, and patient information. Readers can complete the accompanying CME quiz for 1.5 credits. Only ACP members and individual subscribers can access the electronic features of In the Clinic. Non-...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-156-1-201201030-01001
更新日期:2012-01-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few treatments for back pain are supported by strong scientific evidence. Conventional treatments, although widely used, have had limited success. Dissatisfied patients have, therefore, turned to complementary and alternative medical therapies and providers for care for back pain. PURPOSE:To provide a rigor...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-138-11-200306030-00011
更新日期:2003-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Disturbances of urinary bladder function are well-recognized problems in diabetic patients and are generally attributed to peripheral neuropathy. Because of the difficulties inherent in the histologic examination of the peripheral autonomic nerves, little is known about the pathology of these nerves. Recently, alterat...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-92-2-316
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In deciding whether to undertake a dietary program to reduce serum cholesterol levels, a person must consider how much benefit to expect. We developed a model that assumes cholesterol reduction is effective and safe in reducing the risk for death from ischemic heart disease. In the model, we considered asymptomatic ad...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-106-4-605
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With suspected deep venous thrombosis and normal results on proximal vein ultrasonography, a negative d-dimer result may exclude thrombosis and a positive D-dimer result may be an indication for venography. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate and compare the safety of 2 diagnostic strategies for deep venous thrombosis. ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-142-7-200504050-00007
更新日期:2005-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of a low anion gap in patients with multiple myeloma has recently been emphasized. This has been related to the retention of chloride and bicarbonate anions to offset the cationic charge of the monoclonal immunoglobulins. We now report the presence of a low anion gap in 50 patients with asymptomatic plasm...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-86-3-304
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wilson's disease is an inherited disorder of copper accumulation that is fatal if untreated. Because penicillamine, the established treatment, is toxic in a substantial number of patients, we studied the efficacy of zinc treatment. We induced a negative or neutral copper balance in five out of five patients with Wilso...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-3-314
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medically unexplained functional or somatization symptoms are somatic disorders that are not adequately explained by physical disease processes. The way in which these disorders have been understood and managed has varied over the history of medicine. However, only in the past 100 years has the "mental" explanation pr...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-134-9_part_2-200105011-00018
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper outlines the clinical, serologic, and immunogenetic differences and similarities of Sjögren's syndrome alone (primary) and Sjögren's syndrome associated with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (secondary). The immunoregulation in Sjögren's syndrome is discussed and the incidence of immune...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-92-2-212
更新日期:1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extended-duration low-molecular-weight heparin has been shown to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in high-risk surgical patients. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of extended-duration enoxaparin thromboprophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients. DESIGN:Randomized, parallel, placebo-contro...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-153-1-201007060-00004
更新日期:2010-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether self-assessment of purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) skin test reactions, done using a simple two-choice approach, is an effective screening method for tuberculosis. DESIGN:Double-blind comparison between self-assessments and trained professional readings of PPD skin test r...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-125-4-199608150-00004
更新日期:1996-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Because only limited evidence suggests that elastic stockings prevent the post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with symptomatic deep venous thrombosis (DVT), these stockings are not widely used. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of compression elastic stockings for prevention of the post-thrombotic syndrom...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-4-200408170-00004
更新日期:2004-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Concierge medical practices, which advertise expanded access to care and individualized attention, collect charges both from insurance companies and directly from their patients. Some bill hundreds of dollars for one-time "executive" physicals, whereas others have patients pay annual retainer fees. Yet, virtually no d...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-152-6-201003160-00009
更新日期:2010-03-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for 6 weeks achieves sustained virologic response (SVR) rates of 95% in some patients. If effective, shorter therapeutic courses could improve adherence and treatment costs. OBJECTIVE:To determine factors predictive ...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.7326/M15-0642
更新日期:2015-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid growth in the use and complexity of Holter monitoring technologies has resulted in the diverse recorders and analysis devices that are compared in this review. Holter recording modes include continuous recording, which makes all electrocardiographic (ECG) data available for analysis; patient-activated recording,...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-102-1-73
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-three consecutive patients with inferior myocardial infarction were evaluated prospectively, by physical examination and right heart catheterization within 36 hours of the onset of symptoms, to determine whether physical findings can separate such patients into those with and without associated right ventricular...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-99-5-608
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In alternative medicine, the main question regarding placebo has been whether a given therapy has more than a placebo effect. Just as mainstream medicine ignores the clinical significance of its own placebo effect, the placebo effect of unconventional medicine is disregarded except for polemics. This essay looks at th...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-11-200206040-00011
更新日期:2002-06-04 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficacy of the addition of ifosfamide to cisplatin plus etoposide (VIP), or vinblastine (VeIP), in patients with recurrent germ cell tumors. DESIGN:Nonrandomized, prospective phase II trial. SETTING:Tertiary referral university hospital. PATIENTS:Fifty-six of fifty-eight entered pat...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-109-7-540
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The earthquake that struck Haiti in January 2010 caused an estimated 230,000 deaths and injured approximately 250,000 people. The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps Field Hospital was fully operational on site only 89 hours after the earthquake struck and was capable of providing sophisticated medical care. During th...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-153-1-201007060-00253
更新日期:2010-07-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increased prevalence of adolescent obesity requires effective treatment options beyond behavior therapy. OBJECTIVE:To see whether sibutramine reduced weight more than placebo in obese adolescents who were receiving a behavior therapy program. DESIGN:12-month, 3:1 randomized, double-blind trial conducted fr...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-145-2-200607180-00005
更新日期:2006-07-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies suggest that vitamin D supplementation may reduce cancer and fracture risks. PURPOSE:To examine the benefits and harms of vitamin D with or without calcium supplementation on clinical outcomes of cancer and fractures in adults. DATA SOURCES:English-language studies identified from MEDLINE and the C...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-155-12-201112200-00005
更新日期:2011-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::We report the case of a 23-year-old woman who developed severe myalgias in association with mild hepatitis B surface antigen-positive hepatitis. Muscle biopsy showed myriads of microvacuoles filled with neutral lipid. Prednisone therapy was associated with complete clearing of all clinical and laboratory abnormalities...
journal_title:Annals of internal medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7326/0003-4819-87-4-417
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00