Abstract：
:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are widely believed to cause or aggravate several human pathologies such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, stroke and many other ailments. Antioxidants are assumed to counteract the harmful effects of ROS and therefore prevent or treat oxidative stress-related diseases. In this report, recent human studies exploring the efficiency of antioxidants in prevention and treatment of various diseases are reviewed. Few antioxidants including edaravone (for ischemic stroke in Japan), Nacetylcysteine (for acetaminophen toxicity), alfa-lipoic acid (for diabetic neuropathy) and some flavonoids (polyphenolic compounds present in dietary plants), such as micronized purified flavonoid fraction (diosmin and hesperidin) and oxerutins (for chronic venous insufficiency) as well as baicalein and catechins (for osteoarthritis) have found accepted clinical use. However, despite much enthusiasm in the 1980s and 1990s, many well-known agents such as antioxidant vitamins and also more recently developed compounds such as nitrones have not successfully passed the scrutiny of clinical trials for prevention and treatment of various diseases. This has given rise to a pessimistic view of antioxidant therapy, however, the evidence from human epidemiological studies about the beneficial effects of dietary antioxidants and preclinical in vitro and animal data are compelling. We have probably wasted too much time on agents like antioxidant vitamins instead of focusing on more disease specific, target-directed, highly bioavailable antioxidants. We here discuss possible reasons for the lack of success in some clinical trials and seek to provide some suggestions to be considered if antioxidant therapy is to succeed as an effective therapeutic strategy.
journal_name
Curr Med Chemjournal_title
Current medicinal chemistryauthors
Firuzi O,Miri R,Tavakkoli M,Saso Ldoi
10.2174/092986711803414368subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-01-01 00:00:00pages
3871-88issue
25eissn
0929-8673issn
1875-533Xpii
BSP/CMC/E-Pub/2011/ 291journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Hyperlipidemia is characterized by abnormally increased plasma of any or all lipids and /or lipoproteins and is a confirmed risk factor for the formation of atherosclerosis. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the formation and progression of atherosclerosis and consequently on cardiovascular diseases. Nowadays, the ...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867322666150520095008
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification and characterisation of the isoenzyme cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) stimulated investigations to develop efficient non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with reduced side effects compared to standard NSAIDs. This review will focus on the structural features needed to achieve COX-2 selectivity. Five struc...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867003374237
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer arises in about 48% of patients older than 65 years and more than 30% occurs in those over 70 years being the leading cause of cancer-related death in women older than 65. Elderly patients tolerate chemotherapy poorly compared to their younger counterpart because of progressive reduction of organ functio...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867053363261
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleamide are two fatty acid amides which 1) share some cannabimimetic actions with delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and 2) may interact with proteins involved in the biosynthesis, action and inactivation of endocannabinoids. Due to its pharmacological ...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein-ligand docking is currently an important tool in drug discovery efforts and an active area of research that has been the subject of important developments over the last decade. These are well portrayed in the rising number of available protein-ligand docking software programs, increasing level of sophisticatio...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867311320180002
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), generally considered a key component involved in redox reactions, has been found to participate in an increasingly diverse range of cellular processes, including signal transduction, DNA repair, and post-translational protein modifications. In recent years, medicinal chemists h...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/092986708783885282
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large family of calcium-dependent zinc- containing endopeptidases, which are responsible for the tissue remodeling and degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), including collagens, elastins, gelatin, matrix glycoproteins, and proteoglycan. The inappropriate expression of th...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/092986711795471329
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glycosaminoglycans, highly charged polycarboxylated, polysulfated polysaccharides, are an important class of therapeutic agents and investigational drug candidates. Heparin has been widely used as a clinical anticoagulant for over 60 years. Low molecular weight heparins have begun to displace heparin and recently a sy...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867033456891
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.2174/092986732606190513093422
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently available therapeutic options for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, such as dietary modification, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin, have limitations of their own. Many natural products and herbal medicines have been recommended for the treatment of diabetes. The present paper reviews medicinal plants t...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/092986706776360860
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reprogramming technologies have been developed to revert somatic differentiated cells into pluripotent stem cells that can be differentiated into different lineages potentially useful in stem cell therapy. Reprogramming methods have been progressively refined to increase their efficiency, to obtain a cell population s...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867321666131129125624
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The serine protease thrombin is a key enzyme in the control of blood coagulation and displays numerous other effects on platelet, endothelial and smooth muscle cell function. The pre-eminence of thrombin in the coagulation cascade has made the enzyme a popular drug target in the search for more clinically acceptable a...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ion channel dysfunction has been identified as a contributor to symptom development and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). The molecular insights have been translated into new lines of research, with ion channel modulation now representing a therapeutic approach in MS. Studies of Na+ channel function have d...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867322666151029104452
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), frequently delivered to the patient in the solid-state as part of an approved dosage form, can exist in such diverse solid forms as polymorphs, pseudopolymorphs, salts, co-crystals and amorphous solids. Various solid forms often display different mechanical, thermal, physical ...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/092986709787549299
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) catalyzes the conversion of IMP to XMP with the concomitant reduction of NAD to NADH. This reaction is the rate-limiting step in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis. IMPDH is a proven target for immunosuppressive, anticancer and antiviral chemotherapy, and may also be a target f...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is one of the greatest global health burdens because of its uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation, aggressive nature as well as inherited chemoresistance. In spite of different treatment options currently available for HCC, the 5-year relative survival rates for HCC patien...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867326666190911115722
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a universal analytical tool. It can provide detailed information on chemical shifts, J coupling constants, multiplet patterns, and relative peak areas. It plays an important role in the fields of chemistry, biology, medicine, and pharmacy. A highly homog...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867326666190312130155
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of anti-diabetic drugs has been increasing worldwide and the evolution of therapeutics has been enormous. Still, the currently available anti-diabetic drugs do not present the desired efficacy and are generally associated with serious adverse effects. Thus, entirely new interventions, addressing the underlying...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/0929867325666181001112226
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cocaine is one of the most used psychomotor stimulants all over the world. On this basis, the interest for the pharmacological activity and the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic aspects of this drug is very prominent in both clinical and forensic toxicological environments. The review presents and discusses 65 scien...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/092986712803988794
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondria are organelles which play an important role not only in cellular metabolism but also in controlling pathways related with cell death, ionic and redox regulation. Alterations in mitochondrial metabolism are implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer. Cellular and mitochondrial metabolism are bot...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867322666150209155957
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artificial intelligence methods, in particular, machine learning, has been playing a pivotal role in drug development, from structural design to clinical trial. This approach is harnessing the impact of computer-aided drug discovery thanks to large available data sets for drug candidates and its new and complex manner...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/0929867327666201111144048
更新日期：2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical treatment of multifactorial pathologies (e.g. cancer, Alzheimer's disease, psychiatric disorders), is still a major challenge. Many researches have been published dealing with the design of multiple ligands, able to act at the same time towards several targets relevant for a given pathology. In the presen...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/092986712801215883
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The therapeutic properties of cannabinoids are well-known since ancient years. Growing evidence exist on endocannabinoid system (ECS) modulation related with human tumorigenesis. OBJECTIVE:Taking into account the substantial role of ECS on immune cell regulation, the present review is aimed to summarize the...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/0929867323666160530144934
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We found a novel marine drug, SZ-685C, that was isolated from the secondary metabolites of a mangrove endophytic fungus (No. 1403) collected from the South China Sea, which has been reported to inhibit the proliferation of certain tumor cells. However, its anticancer mechanism remains unknown. The aims of thi...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/0929867311320160007
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Approximately, one third of diabetic patients develop diabetic nephropathy. As diabetes and its associated metabolic diseases are becoming epidemic, DN is emerging as a major health threat to humans. ...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/09298673113209990183
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last decade there has been significant progress in understanding the molecular basis of disease processes. At the same time the technological advances in the area of genomics and the efforts in proteomics research have increased the possibility of discovering many proteins with defined therapeutic functions. ...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/092986708785132924
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular recognition and ligand binding involving proteins underlie the most important life processes within the cell, such as substrate transport, catalysis, signal transmission, receptor trafficking, gene regulation, switching on and off of biochemical pathways. Despite recent successes in predicting the structures...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/092986710789957797
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESC) is considered a promising model to perform in vitro testing for neuroactive and neurotoxic compounds. We studied the potential of a dual reporter murine ESC line to identify bioactive and/or toxic compounds. This line expressed firefly luciferase under the control o...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2174/092986713804999330
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-BP, rapamycin and its derivatives have been originally developed respectively as anti-resorptive and anti-fungal agents. In fact, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that these compounds are multi-functional molecules exerting their effects on tumour cell growth and bone remodelling. The major challenge in...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/092986707780831159
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the discovery of penicillin, natural and synthetic β-lactams have aroused great interest not only as sources of effective antibacterial agents but also as specific inhibitors of proteases responsible for various non-bacterial pathological processes. This interest was reflected in our review published in Current ...
journal_title：Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2174/09298673113206660268
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
