Abstract：
UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Specific leaf area (SLA) is a critical component of the leaf economics spectrum, and many functional leaf traits have been empirically demonstrated to covary with SLA. However, a complete understanding of how change in leaf size influences SLA has not yet emerged. • METHODS:To help develop a more complete understanding of the determinants of variability in SLA, we present a covariation model of leaf allometry that predicts a zero-sum interdependence of leaf thickness, density, and surface area on leaf mass. We test the model's predictions on measurements of 900 leaves from 44 angiosperm species. • KEY RESULTS:We observe that "diminishing returns," the negative allometry (slope < 1) of surface area versus mass, does not hold universally across species. Rather, the scaling of SLA is linked to the relative allocation to thickness and density. Specifically, diminishing returns are observed when leaves grow thicker, more than their density decreases, with increasing mass. Finally, we confirm model predictions that the allometric dependence of area, thickness, and density on mass can be well approximated by a zero-sum allocational process. • CONCLUSIONS:Our work adds to the growing body of evidence that allometric covariation is a hallmark of the scaling behavior of complex plant and leaf traits. Moreover, because our model makes predictions based on allocational constraints, it provides a foundation to understand how deviations from zero-sum tradeoffs in allocation to leaf thickness, density, or area determine the allometry of SLA and, ultimately, underlie adaptive strategies within and across plant species.
journal_name
Am J Botjournal_title
American journal of botanyauthors
Price CA,Weitz JSdoi
10.3732/ajb.1000118subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-11-01 00:00:00pages
1808-15issue
11eissn
0002-9122issn
1537-2197pii
ajb.1000118journal_volume
97pub_type
杂志文章abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Allometric relationships among the dimensions of leaf cells, cell walls, and tissues, and whole-leaf thickness and area are likely to have key implications for leaf construction and function, but have remained virtually untested, despite the explosion of interest in allometric analysis...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1200608
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of a large-insert genomic clone, BAC 22B2, previously suggested that Sorghum bicolor (2n = 20) has the tetraploid architecture A(b)A(b)B(b)B(b). Here, we report on BAC 22B2 subclone pCEN38 (1047-bp insert) as related to sorghum and sugarcane. Mitotic FISH of six different subc...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Declines in reproductive capabilities with increasing age are common across the tree of life. However, in plants, mating system traits have rarely been tested for signs of senescence. Since reproduction is often resource limited, we might expect outcrossing and selfing taxa to allocate these resources different...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1346
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The genus Pinguicula is one of the three genera of the carnivorous Lentibulariaceae, comprising approximately 80 species. Phylogeny inference using nucleotide sequences of the chloroplast gene matK and the trnK group II intron, as well as a set of 32 morphological characters revealed five well-supported, major lineage...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.92.10.1723
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herbivore damage is known to cause the premature loss of mature leaves. However, the effects of herbivory on abscission during the early stages of leaf development remain unexplored, even though herbivores frequently prefer unlignified, immature leaves. In a field experiment, we removed 50% of the tissue from leaves a...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The evolutionary shift from radial to bilateral symmetry in flowers is generally associated with the evolution of low flower-size variation. This phenomenon supports the hypothesis that the lower size variation in bilateral flowers can be attributed to low pollinator diversity. In this study, we pr...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1500371
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of developmental stability can provide insights into the amount of genetic or environmental stress experienced by individuals or populations. In the present study, we used young plants of Acer platanoides (Norway maple) and Betula pendula (silver birch), two distantly related tree species with widely different...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.90.8.1107
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The desert moss Syntrichia caninervis exhibits one of the most skewed sex ratios in the plant kingdom, with female individuals far outnumbering male individuals (exceeding 14♀:1♂). The "cost of sex hypothesis" derives from allocational theory and predicts that the sex which is most expensive should be the rarer sex. T...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Contact forces are important in maintaining the twining habit of viny stems. A stem twining around a supporting pole puts itself into tension and uses a helical geometry to generate normal loads that are large relative to stem mass per unit length (Silk and Hubbard, Journal of Biomechanics 24(7):599-606, 1991). An ele...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Spiny pollen has evolved independently in multiple entomophilous lineages. Sexual selection may act on exine traits that facilitate male mating success by influencing the transfer of pollen from the anther to the body of the pollinator, while natural selection acts to increase pollen survival. We postulated tha...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1428
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Robust markers are required (inter alia) for assessing origins of Calophyllum inophyllum populations on the Bonin Islands, Japan. Therefore, informative expressed sequence tag (EST)-based microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSRs) markers in the species were sought. METHODS AND RESULTS:Using ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100299
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of chloroplast (cp) DNA is a powerful tool for the study of microevolutionary processes in land plants, yet has not previously been applied to seaweed populations. We used cpDNA-RFLP, detected on Southern blots using labeled total plastid DNA, to search for intr...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Chloroplast microsatellites were developed in Theobroma cacao to examine the genetic diversity of cacao cultivars in Trinidad and Tobago. METHODS AND RESULTS:Nine polymorphic microsatellites were designed from the chloroplast genomes of two T. cacao accessions. These microsatellites were tested in...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100306
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent discoveries of fossil reproductive structures from deposits of the Raritan Formation in New Jersey (Turonian, Upper Cretaceous, ~90 million years BP) include a previously undescribed representative of the Order Capparales. The fossils are usually charcoalified with three-dimensional structure and excellent anat...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pollination biology of the cactus Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum was studied in a tropical location in western Mexico (ca. 18° N latitude) to compare with data from a northern population (ca. 28° N latitude). Throughout this range, the nectar-feeding bat Leptonycteris curasoae is resident within the tropics but mig...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.91.6.850
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Climate cycles of the Quaternary have impacted plants at a global scale, leaving behind a complex genetic legacy. Species of the northern Rocky Mountains of North America were exposed to more uniform glacial patterns than the central and southern ranges, where synergistic relationships between temp...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1259
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on positive results for 11 of 17 species included in an anatomical survey of tree roots, we concluded that the origin of adventitious branch roots (ABR) on established, undisturbed woody parental root axes is a widespread occurrence. ABR were morphologically indistinguishable from branch roots formed in primary ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.92.5.802
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five plant communities in Western Australia, as well as selected desert and Rocky Mountain species of the western USA, were surveyed to evaluate associations among leaf structure, orientational properties, and the sunlight exposure and precipitation characteristic of each community. Selected leaf structural features h...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite markers were developed for the common wetland plant Juncus effusus to assess levels of within- and among-population genetic diversity. METHODS AND RESULTS:Using a next-generation sequencing approach we identified new microsatellite loci, from which 23 were further characterized in a...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100322
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Geographic differences in flower visitor assemblages might lead to among-population differences in the magnitude and pattern of floral integration. However, the role of current pollinator visitation in shaping the magnitude and pattern of floral trait correlations is still controversial. METHODS:W...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1500336
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plant tropisms play a fundamental role in shaping the growth form of plants, and these fascinating movements are the focus of this thematic issue of the American Journal of Botany. The issue includes 16 reviews of the current literature and eight original manuscripts written by a diverse group of international experts...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type：
doi：10.3732/ajb.1200591
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The last decade has witnessed a resurgence in the study of the evolution of plant development, combining investigations in systematics, developmental morphology, molecular developmental genetics, and molecular evolution. The integration of phylogenetic studies, structural analyses of fossil and extant taxa, and molecu...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.91.10.1726
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Populations of heterostylous species are characterized by two or three floral morphs with reciprocal positioning of stigmas and anthers. Theoretical models predict equal morph frequencies (isoplethy) when disassortative mating is prevalent in populations, but biased morph ratios may occur when vari...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1600345
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Polyploidy may serve to contribute to range size if autopolyploid cytotypes are adapted to differing ecological conditions. This study aims to establish the geographic distribution of cytotypes within the giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea), and to assess whether cytotypes exhibit differing ecological tolerance...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1556
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A well-integrated plant shows extensive carbohydrate translocation through the plant body. Even in highly integrated plants, however, translocation patterns will be sectorial if vascular tissue restricts carbon movement to sectors along stems. Both integration and sectorial translocation patterns are sensitive to plan...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leaf habit correlates with multiple physiological traits. Understanding ecophysiology is therefore dependent on knowledge of leaf habit. A variety of leaf habits exists within forest understory plant communities. Oxalis acetosella is one such understory plant and has long been considered a wintergreen, meaning that it...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.91.9.1371
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight ecosystems that were present in the Cretaceous about 100 Ma (million years ago) in the New World eventually developed into the 12 recognized for the modern Earth. Among the forcing mechanisms that drove biotic change during this interval was a decline in global temperatures toward the end of the Cretaceous, augm...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3732/ajb.1000353
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:New microsatellite primers were developed for testing genetic differentiation within Nothoceros aenigmaticus and their potential use in other Nothoceros species. The microsatellites are designed to investigate partitioning of genetic variation in a taxon with a peculiar sex allopatry in the souther...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1100392
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent surveys of seed coat morphology in Lobelioideae (Campanulaceae) have demonstrated the systematic utility of such data in the subfamily and led to a revision of the supraspecific classification of Lobelia. Expanding upon these studies, we examined via scanning electron microscopy 41 seed accessions, emphasizing ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extreme preformation, the initiation of leaves or inflorescences more than 1 yr before maturation and function, is common in arctic and alpine habitats. This extended pattern of development provides a potential means to alleviate an apparent asynchrony between carbon supplied by photosynthesis in the summer and carbon...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.90.9.1313
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
