Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review describes the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, course, and therapy of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), the most fatal viral encephalitis, in which prognosis is dependent on early diagnosis and effective therapy. RECENT FINDINGS:Herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are human neurotropic viruses that establish latent infection in dorsal-root ganglia for the entire life of the host. From this reservoir, they can reactivate to cause human morbidity and mortality. HSE is one of the most devastating disorders caused by these viruses. The biology of their ability to establish latency, maintain it for the entire life of the host, reactivate, and cause primary and recurrent disease is being studied in animal models and in humans. Of special interest is the question whether HSE is the result of primary infection or is it the outcome of reactivation. The present review covers the biological, medical, and neurological aspects of HSE, focusing among others on recent molecular findings of gene expression during latent infection of HSV-1. SUMMARY:Despite accumulating knowledge, there are still several issues regarding both pathogenesis and therapy of HSV-1 that currently defy understanding.
journal_name
Curr Opin Neuroljournal_title
Current opinion in neurologyauthors
Steiner Idoi
10.1097/WCO.0b013e328346be6fsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-06-01 00:00:00pages
268-74issue
3eissn
1350-7540issn
1473-6551journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Homonymous hemianopia is the commonest form of acquired homonymous visual field defect; the usual causes are stroke, head injury and intracranial tumours. This impairment can affect a variety of cognitive visual functions, including visual search, safe navigation through changing environments and read...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32831f1b2c
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is a chronic and often disabling neuropathy, which often responds to immune therapies including corticosteroids, plasma exchange, and high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). The reasons for choosing one of these therapies and the fa...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000232
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography and magnetic resonance spectroscopy provide distinct, uncorrelated and sensitive indicators of brain tumors which can be used to improve differential diagnosis, biopsy guidance or therapy monitoring. New findings, including conflicting ethyl-cyst...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-199612000-00006
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The development of successful myelin repair strategies depends on the detailed knowledge of the cellular and molecular processes underlying demyelination and remyelination in the central nervous system of animal models and in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Based on the complexity of the demyel...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e3282fd1875
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review examines the applicability of a framework of frontal lobe functioning to understand the sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI). RECENT FINDINGS:TBI research illustrates the need for improved phenotyping of TBI outcome. The functions of the frontal lobes are divisible into four distinct ...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32834c7eb9
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Continuing advances have rendered the neural control of eye movements one of the best understood motor systems, from molecules to complex behaviors. Nevertheless, new discoveries have required re-evaluation of established concepts, from the genetics of disorders that affect extraocular muscles to the way in which the ...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-200202000-00008
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review provides an overview of recent developments in diagnosis, pathophysiology, neuroimaging and management of functional (psychogenic) movement disorders (FMD). RECENT FINDINGS:There has been increasing interest to study the underlying pathophysiology of FMD, which has resulted in a broadened...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e3283551bc1
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Recent advances in survival for patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent brain tumors, combined with the development of an ever-increasing number of potential treatments, has led to significant growth in the number of clinical trials for patients with brain tumors. Suitable clinical trial design an...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e328359b45e
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Neurodegenerative tauopathies, of which progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is one of the most common, are clinically heterogeneous, reflecting differences in distribution and biochemical composition of tau pathology. This review highlights the range of clinical and pathologic presentations of PSP an...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32833be924
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insight into the pathomechanisms of the benign positional vertigo syndromes has led to quick and effective treatment with positional manoeuvres. Our understanding of other causes of vertigo is progressing at a slower pace, but several recent findings regarding vestibular neuritis, vascular compression of the eighth ne...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-199802000-00002
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the clinical findings, differential diagnosis, treatment and outcome of pseudotumoral demyelinating lesions including tumefactive demyelination and Baló's concentric sclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS:MRI findings, such as dynamic restricted diffusion changes at the edge of pseudotumoral lesions he...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000683
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Migraine is an episodic headache disorder that occurs with or without aura and is often accompanied by other symptoms. Treatment must address these associated symptoms as well as the headache, and it can involve either acute or preventive therapy alone or a combination of both. Acute therapy treats the individual atta...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-199406000-00014
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To provide an update on immunomodulating and immunosuppressive therapies in myasthenia gravis and highlight newly approved, or pending approval, therapies with new biologics. RECENT FINDINGS:Preoperative IVIg is not needed to prevent myasthenic crisis in stable myasthenia gravis patients scheduled fo...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000858
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This article reviews the results of recent therapeutic trials in dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and inclusion body myositis and suggests an approach to treating patients with inflammatory myopathy. RECENT FINDINGS:We reviewed 10 double-blind, placebo-controlled therapeutic trials in patients with inf...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000093099.34793.40
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (TACs) are characterized by frequent, short-lasting headache attacks with ipsilateral facial autonomic features. They include cluster headache, paroxysmal hemicrania, and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing. The...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/wco.0b013e32832b4bb3
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Is multiple sclerosis (MS) a generalized disease of the central nervous system? Or put another way, is MS pathology primarily focal with global consequences or global with focal consequences? Consideration of this question depends on how you view it both spatially and temporally. In this review, we ad...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/wco.0b013e32832b4c62
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The population of pediatric patients with cerebrovascular disease presents a unique set of challenges to the neurosurgeon. The wide scope of pathology, including arteriovenous malformations, cavernous malformations and moyamoya disease, coupled with marked advances in diagnosis and treatment of these conditions over t...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-200204000-00007
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review describe the role and advancements of MRI in the diagnosis and monitoring of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in multiple sclerosis patients treated with natalizumab. RECENT FINDINGS:MRI is the most sensitive paraclinical tool in the detection of PML lesions in natalizumab...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000099
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although reactive oxygen species are natural metabolic products, they can be toxic to cells and are implicated in some neurodegenerative disease. Cytosolic Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase normally defends against damage by reactive oxygen species; however, mutant forms of the enzyme might instead contribute to damage of m...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-199612000-00016
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review aims to describe new features on the epidemiology of encephalitis world-wide. As this neurological presentation is most frequently related to transmitted viruses, surveillance of encephalitis is of major importance to detect their emergence or re-emergence. RECENT FINDINGS:Rabies causes o...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000097
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review considers the role of neuroimaging in developmental disorders by highlighting recent studies in two distinct, but overlapping, developmental disorders: autism and fragile X syndrome. RECENT FINDINGS:After a decade of conflicting results in neuroimaging studies of autism, recent studies ha...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000063763.15877.d2
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that causes neurological disability in young adults and that to date has no cure. Until now, expensive and only partially efficacious therapies have become available. For this reason, researchers, cli...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32833960f6
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There is an urgent need for effective therapies to restore neurologic function and decrease disability following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, emerging findings on the mechanisms of post-TBI neural repair and regeneration, as well as therapeutic implications, are selectively reviewed. RECENT FI...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000265
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The computational power of the brain arises from the complex interactions between neurons. One straightforward method to quantify the strength of neuronal interactions is by measuring correlation and coherence. Efforts to measure correlation have been advancing rapidly of late, spurred by the developm...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000512
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The last two decades have witnessed a growing concern over the treatment of epilepsy in women of childbearing age, with an increased risk of major congenital malformations and possible cognitive difficulties associated with certain antiepileptic drugs. The aim here is to review the literature regardin...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e3283292401
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The failure of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists as a treatment for human traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke, along with preclinical findings of a persistent hypofunctional state of these receptors after brain injury, resulted in a new focus on NMDAR agonists, specifically those a...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/WCO.0000000000000612
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmune ataxic neuropathies are a subset of the sensory ataxic neuropathies which are characterized by ataxia as the dominant presenting feature. The major known causes of autoimmune ataxic neuropathies include sensory variants of the Guillain-Barré syndrome, including Miller-Fisher syndrome, subsets of immunoglobu...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-199710000-00002
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis is a common neurological disorder that represents a significant source of disability. B cells have recently emerged as a novel therapeutic target for multiple sclerosis. The natural development of B cells is characterized by an antigen-independent phase that occurs in the bone marrow and an antigen-...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000313358.53553.c7
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent findings from neuroimaging, event-related potential and lesion investigations reflect a rapidly emerging view that the memory system is widely distributed throughout the cortex. It is clear that the pattern of cortical involvement during encoding and retrieval of memories is critically dependent on the nature a...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-200108000-00004
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increasing number of mutations in the CACNA1A gene have been identified, which are associated with a broad clinical spectrum, including familial hemiplegic migraine. Transfection studies and mouse model analyses are currently being undertaken to study the correlation between CACNA1A mutations and disease. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00019052-200206000-00014
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00