Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Antiplatelet therapy plays a central role in the prevention of atherothrombotic events. Both acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and clopidogrel have been shown to reduce the risk of recurrent cardiovascular events in various subgroups of patients with vascular disease. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the cost effectiveness of clopidogrel versus aspirin in Sweden for the prevention of atherothrombotic events based on CAPRIE trial data. The focus of this study is on two high-risk subpopulations: (i) patients with pre-existing symptomatic atherosclerotic disease; and (ii) patients with polyvascular disease. METHODS:A Markov model combining clinical, epidemiological and cost data was used to assess the economic value of clopidogrel compared with aspirin during a patient's lifetime. A societal perspective was used, with costs stated in Swedish kronor (SEK), year 2007 values. For the first 2 years, the clinical input for the model was based on the relevant subpopulations in the CAPRIE trial. Thereafter, transition probabilities were extrapolated, taking account of increased risks related to age and to a history of events. Cost effectiveness of 2 years of therapy is presented as cost per life-year gained (LYG) and as cost per QALY. Univariate and multivariate sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate robustness of results. RESULTS:For patients resembling the total CAPRIE population, who were treated with clopidogrel, the expected cost per LYG was SEK217,806 and the cost per QALY was estimated at SEK169,154. For the high-risk CAPRIE subpopulations, costs per QALY were lowest for patients with pre-existing symptomatic atherosclerotic disease (SEK38,153). Using a 'willingness-to-pay' perspective indicated that treatment with clopidogrel instead of aspirin in high-risk patients is associated with a high probability for cost effectiveness; 81% using a threshold of SEK100,000 per QALY and 98% using a threshold of SEK500,000 per QALY. Overall, the results appeared to be robust over the sensitivity analyses performed. CONCLUSION:When considering the cost-effectiveness categorization as proposed by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare, clopidogrel appears to be associated with costs per QALY that range from intermediate in the total CAPRIE population to low in high-risk atherosclerotic patients.
journal_name
Appl Health Econ Health Policyjournal_title
Applied health economics and health policyauthors
Logman JF,Heeg BM,Herlitz J,van Hout BAdoi
10.2165/11535520-000000000-00000subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
251-65issue
4eissn
1175-5652issn
1179-1896pii
4journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act instituted pay-for-performance programs, including Hospital Value-Based Purchasing (HVBP), designed to encourage hospital quality and efficiency. OBJECTIVE AND METHOD:While these programs have been evaluated with respect to their implications for care quality a...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-017-0357-3
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid rise in pharmaceutical costs in France has been driven by new technologies and the growing prevalence of chronic diseases as well as considerable prescribing freedom and choice of physician among patients. This has led to the introduction of a number of reforms and initiatives in an attempt to moderate expen...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF03256162
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Healthcare reforms aim to change certain parts of the health system to improve quality of care, access, or financial sustainability. Traditionally, healthcare reform is understood as an action undertaken by a government at a national or local level. However, bottom-up changes can also lead to improvements in the healt...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-017-0315-0
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a scoping review with the objective of synthesizing available literature and mapping what designs and methods have been used to evaluate health insurance reforms in sub-Saharan Africa. We systematically searched for scientific and grey literature in English and French published between 1980 and 2017 using...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40258-019-00499-y
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The debate surrounding whether the findings of efficacy studies are applicable to real-world treatment situations is ongoing. The issue of lack of applicability due to a lack of clinical heterogeneity could be addressed by employing less restrictive inclusion criteria. Given that health economic assessments based on c...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11590150-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Germany, the Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care (IQWiG) makes recommendations for ceiling prices of drugs based on an evaluation of the relationship between costs and effectiveness. To set ceiling prices, IQWiG uses the following decision rule: the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of a n...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11586640-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blockchain technology is a decentralized database that stores a registry of assets and transactions across a peer-to-peer computer network, which is secured through cryptography, and over time, its history gets locked in blocks of data that are cryptographically linked together and secured. So far, there have been use...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-018-0412-8
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A routine part of the process for developing National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) medical technologies guidance is a submission of clinical and economic evidence by the technology manufacturer. The Birmingham and Brunel Consortium External Assessment Centre (EAC; a consortium of the University of B...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40258-014-0117-6
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reconsiders the evidence and several of the key arguments associated with the theory of supplier-induced demand (SID). It proposes a new theory to explain how ethical behaviour is consistent with SID. The purpose of a theory of demand and one criterion for the evaluation of a theory is the provision of a pl...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00148365-200605020-00003
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Community-based health insurance (CBHI) schemes have been introduced in low- and middle-income countries to increase health service utilization and provide financial protection from high healthcare expenditures. OBJECTIVE:We assess the impact of household size on decisions to enroll in CBHI and demonstrate ...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-016-0222-9
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pricing drugs in the California Workers' Compensation System (CAWCS) has become more difficult as there are increasingly fewer drugs listed in the Medi-Cal primary fee schedule, which is used as the source for CAWCS drug prices. This presents a challenge of providing timely and accurate CAWCS reimbursement. ...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-018-0442-2
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Xpert® MTB/RIF (Xpert) test has been shown to be effective and cost-effective for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) under conditions with high HIV prevalence and HIV-TB co-infection but less is known about Xpert's cost in low HIV prevalence settings. Cambodia, a country with low HIV prevalence (0.7%), high TB...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-018-0397-3
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biotech industry now accounts for a substantial and growing proportion of total R&D spending on new medicines. However, compared with the pharmaceutical industry, the biotech industry is financially fragile. This article illustrates the financial fragility of the biotech and pharmaceutical industries in the US and...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03256149
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To assess the relative cost effectiveness of four strategies (academic detailing, computerised reminder systems, target payments and interactive continuing medical education) to increase the provision of screening and brief interventions by Australian GPs with the ultimate goal of decreasing risky alcohol consumpti...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00148365-200605030-00002
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In virologically suppressed patients, switching to darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) monotherapy maintains HIV RNA suppression, and could also lower treatment costs. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this analysis was to calculate the potential cost savings from the use of DRV/r monotherapy in the UK. METHODS:In the MONE...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/11592220-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to review all published economic evaluations of guideline-based care for chronic wounds and to assess how useful these studies are for decision making in health services. METHODS:Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) and National Health Service Economic Evaluat...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-018-0403-9
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:When pharmaceuticals are administered based on patient characteristics (for example weight or body surface area), an amount of product will be unused and must be disposed of. This wastage represents inefficiency and can distort decision making. METHODS:We present a method for the analysis of optimum fill vo...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-018-0444-0
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is limited understanding of the health economic implications of cervical screening with human papillomavirus (HPV)-16/18 genotyping. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost effectiveness of cervical cancer primary screening with a HPV-16/18 genotyping test which simultaneously detects...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-014-0135-4
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Limited empirical evidence exists regarding the effect of price changes on hospital behavior and, ultimately, the quality of care. Additionally, an overview of the results of prior literature is lacking. OBJECTIVE:This study aims to provide a synthesis of existing research concerning the relationship betwee...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40258-020-00577-6
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This research seeks to identify the relationship between economic factors related to the ability to receive and pay for health services and adverse cancer outcomes, as well as preventative screening and behavioral factors that influence the risk of cancer. We focus on the Northern High Plains region, where w...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-014-0099-4
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Response to growth hormone (GH) therapy may vary between individual patients. Therefore the use of GH in children should be closely monitored to avoid over, under, or ineffective treatment regimens. The treatment response can be evaluated using growth prediction models. In an effort to improve the accuracy o...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-013-0030-4
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cancer in Taiwan. For males in Taiwan, it is the most dangerous cancer, with both the highest incidence and mortality rate. OBJECTIVE:To determine cancer-related medical care costs for long-term survivors of HCC. METHODS:The estimation of the lifetim...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00148365-200806010-00005
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Total hip replacement (THR) must be managed in a more sustainable manner. More cost-effective surgical techniques and the centralization/regionalization of services are two solutions. The former requires an assessment of newer minimally invasive and muscle-sparing surgical techniques. The latter necessitates...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-016-0260-3
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is obscurity regarding how US hospitals determine patients' charges. Whether insurance status influences a patient's hospital charge has not been explored. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to determine whether hospitals charge patients differently based on their insurance status. METHODS:Thi...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-017-0308-z
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Price, income and health status are likely to affect the demand for healthcare in developing countries, and their quantitative effects are unclear in the literature. Some studies report that prices are not important determinants, while others conclude that prices are important determinants of the demand for ...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF03256160
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Treatment with antipsychotic medication is an important element of relapse prevention in the management of schizophrenia, and can reduce inpatient stays. Recently, the long-acting atypical antipsychotic paliperidone long-acting injectable (PLAI), a once-monthly LAI antipsychotic, was approved for treatment o...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40258-013-0050-0
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smoking is an expensive habit. Smoking households spend, on average, more than $US1000 annually on cigarettes. When a family member quits, in addition to the former smoker's improved long-term health, families benefit because savings from reduced cigarette expenditures can be allocated to other goods. For households i...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00148365-200403040-00009
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The management of the large patient population in Italy receiving long-term oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT) poses organizational challenges that are traditionally approached with a centralized procedure, relying on hospital-based clinics and/or GPs. However, the availability of near-patient testing device...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11313890-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are primary, laboratory confirmed bloodstream infections in patients with a central line within 48 h of symptom onset. Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a more specific term used when the cause of infection has been confirmed by catheter tip cult...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40258-020-00602-8
更新日期:2020-08-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) have been performed for oral non-disease-altering osteoarthritis (OA) treatments for well over a decade. During that period the methods for performing these analyses have evolved as pharmacoeconomic methods have advanced, new treatments have been introduced, and the knowled...
journal_title:Applied health economics and health policy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40258-013-0061-x
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00