Abstract:
:The parenchyma of the anterior pituitary gland is constituted of distinct specialized glandular cell types, some of them being able to secrete two, or more, genetically related hormones. The synthesis and the release of each hormone is a discontinuous process controlled by a variety of chemical signals of hypothalamic and peripheral origin. These signals, namely neuropeptides, may cross-react at the level of one cell type and each signal may govern the activity of more than one cell type. Such integrated systems hamper the analysis of binding and secretion coupling of regulatory neuropeptides at the cellular and molecular levels. Prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) rat clonal pituitary tumor-derived cell lines (GH cells) by contrast offer a reductionist model suitable for such investigations on TRH and somatostatin hypophysiotropic neuropeptides and on their hormonal regulation, as reviewed in this paper. The tetradecapeptide somatostatin inhibits similarly PRL and GH release by GH cells. Using (125)I-Tyr-somatostatin, specific binding sites were characterized; their occupation presents dose dependence and stereospecific requirements similar to the induction of the inhibition of hormone release. In cells cultured in serum-supplemented media, TRH regulates in a biphasic manner somatostatin binding sites: TRH acutely increases and chronically decreases their number without altering their affinity. In cells cultured in serum-free media, TRH competes with (125)I-Tyr-somatostatin and displace it with a similar affinity and nearly identical efficiency as unlabelled somatostatin. These effects of TRH are totally prevented by preculturing the cells in a medium supplemented with tri-iodotyronine, which in addition increases somatostatin binding capacity. The tripeptide TRH stimulates similarly the acute release of PRL and GH by GH cells. By contrast, long-term exposure to TRH inversely regulates the production of both hormones, PRL being augmented and GH inhibited. This results from an opposite regulation of the transcription of the rPRL and rGH genes and of the half-life of their respective encoded mRNA, the stimulation of the rPRL gene being rapid and transient. These effects are mediated by the occupation of specific binding sites, extensively studied using (3)H-TRH, displaying the same dose- and time-dependence, as well as stereospecific requirements, as the regulation of hormone secretion. Factor regulating per se the PRL and GH secretion also alter TRH interaction with GH cells. TRH and tri-iodotyronine both down-regulate the number of TRH binding sites while estrogens or glucocorticoids augment them. TRH binding and secretion coupling are not always regulated in parallel. Evidences for plasma membrane located events were reported for TRH, but also for its internalization. Thus the subcellular localization of the initial signal(s) triggering acute hormone release on the one hand and alteration of specific genes transcription on the other hand is still debated.
journal_name
Neurochem Intjournal_title
Neurochemistry internationalauthors
Gourdji Ddoi
10.1016/0197-0186(85)90146-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-01-01 00:00:00pages
979-94issue
6eissn
0197-0186issn
1872-9754pii
0197-0186(85)90146-9journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Ubiquitin (Ub) carboxy terminal hydrolase (UCH)-L1 and UCH-L3 are two of the deubiquitinating enzymes expressed in the brain. Both gad mice, which lack UCH-L1 expression and Uchl3 knockout mice exhibit neurodegeneration, although at distinct areas. These phenotypes indicate the importance of UCH-L1 and UCH-L3 in the r...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2008.12.013
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is a devastating neurological disease that is inevitably fatal after 3-5years duration. Treatment options are minimal and as such new therapeutic modalities are required. In this review, we discuss the role of the myostatin pathway as a modulator of skeletal muscle mass and therapeutic ap...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2012.07.016
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The integrity of hippocampal G-protein mediated signalling following ibotenate induced lesion of the medial septum was examined. The lesion was confined histologically to the septum and induced a 23% reduction in hippocampal choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity and G-proteins levels and related enzyme activities ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(99)00033-9
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(81)90051-6
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated whether alterations in glutamate metabolising glutamine synthetase activity occur in human epileptic neocortex, as shown previously for human epileptic hippocampus [Eid, T., Thomas, M.J., Spencer, D.D., Rundén-Pran, E., Lai, J.C.K., Malthankar, G.V., Kim, J.H., Danbolt, N.C., Ottersen, O.P., de Lanerol...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2005.06.001
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we have investigated the relationship between serotonergic receptor(s) (5-HTR) and muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR) activation, leading to the arachidonic acid (AA) release and inositol phosphates (IPs) formation in adult and aged brain cortex synaptoneurosomes. It was observed that seroton...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(95)00001-o
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is a key enzyme of the NO-cGMP pathway which is believed to mediate vasoprotective actions. In cardiovascular diseases such as hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, these important functions of the vascular endothelium are strongly impaired. One of the major reasons for this so-calle...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2004.03.026
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the GABA agonist, muscimol on [(3)H]flunitrazepam binding were examined in cerebellum and hippocampus regions proposed to contain different populations of benzodiazepine binding site subtypes. Quantitative analysis was made of the contribution of different components of [(3)H]flunitrazepam binding by ut...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(84)90082-2
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several glycoproteins in mammalian brains contain α2,8-linked disialic acid residues. We previously showed a constant expression of disialic acid (DiSia) in the hippocampus, olfactory bulb and cortex, and a gradual decrease of expression in the cerebellum from neonatal to senile mice. Previous publications indicate th...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2013.07.013
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The short-term influences of stress on the activities of tyrosine hydroxylase in vivo and in vitro were examined in mice. The in vivo tyrosine hydroxylase activity was estimated by the rate of dopa accumulation which was measured at 30 min after the injection of NSD-1015 (100 mg kg), an aromatic l-amino acid decarboxy...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(82)90079-1
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methamphetamine is a widely abused psychostimulant. It reverses transport through the dopamine transporter, thereby increasing the extracellular level of dopamine in the brain, which is associated with the rewarding effect. Repeated intake of methamphetamine leads to drug addiction, a chronically relapsing disorder ch...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2018.12.019
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, a new experimental model of epilepsy was introduced by the authors [Neurochem. Int. 40 (2002) 413]. This model combines pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-kindling in senescence-accelerated mice P8 (SAMP8), a genetic model of aging. Since imbalance of glutamate and GABA is a major cause of seizures, the study of glial...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(03)00093-7
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influx of extracellular Zn(2+) into dentate granule cells is nonessential for dentate gyrus long-term potentiation (LTP) and the physiological significance of extracellular Zn(2+) dynamics is unknown in the dentate gyrus. Excess increase in extracellular Zn(2+) in the hippocampal CA1, which is induced with excitat...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2015.05.006
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine-2B (5-HT2B) receptor mRNA has recently been shown in cultured astrocytes. Here the expression of functional 5-HT2B receptors has been studied in cultured astrocytes from rat cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and brain stem. Fluo-3- and fura-2-based microspectrofluorometry was used for...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(99)00134-5
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary cortical neurons exposed to the mitochondrial toxin NaN3 (0.1-3 mM) were submitted to oxidative stress with H2O2 (30-150 μM), to mimic conditions observed in neurodegenerative disorders. The effects of such treatment on a series of parameters useful in characterizing neuronal damage were investigated: (i) the ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2013.05.005
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zellweger syndrome (ZS) is a neonatal-lethal genetic disease that affects all tissues, and features neuropathology that involves primary developmental defects as well as neurodegeneration. Neuropathological changes include abnormal neuronal migration affecting the cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum and inferior olivary ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2014.02.007
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific binding of [(3)H]d- fenfluramine , an anorectic agent acting on serotonergic system, was characterized in rat total brain minus cerebellum. The binding was reversible, stereospecific and with high affinity (K(d) about 80 nM). The receptor density in total brain was about 32 pmol/g tissue. Subcellular distribu...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(88)90007-1
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2018.10.016
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104780
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2012.10.009
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) induces a spectrum of Huntington's disease (HD)-like neuropathologies in the rat striatum. The present study aimed to demonstrate the neuroprotective effect of lercanidipine (LER) in rats with 3-NP-induced neurotoxicity, address the possible additional protective effect of combined treatme...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104548
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is a novel neurotransmitter. We studied here the effect of ACS 84, a new H(2)S releasing compound, on the cytotoxicity induced by amyloid beta (Aβ) in microglia. Treatment with Aβ(1-40) (25μmol/L) for 24h significantly inhibited MTT reduction and increased lactate dehydrogenase release in BV-2...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2011.01.023
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using native plasma membrane vesicle suspensions from the rat cerebral cortex under conditions designed to alter intravesicular [Ca2+], we found that Ca2+ induced 47 +/- 5% more influx of [3H]GABA, [3H]D-aspartate and [3H]glycine at 37 degrees C with half-times 1.7 +/- 0.5, 1.3 +/- 0.4 and 1.3 +/- 0.4 min, respectivel...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(98)00039-4
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many pharmacological and toxicological studies of centrally acting drugs are undertaken in animals at doses expressed in mg.kg-1, and the results extrapolated to the clinical dose in man. Safety margins based on such no or lowest effect levels may have little relevance since they do not take into account differences i...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(94)00104-3
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet activating factor (PAF) has been suggested to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. We assessed the effect of PAF against the toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+)), a parkinsonian toxin, in relation to apoptotic process. PAF exhibited differential effect against the MP...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2010.03.006
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an inherited neurometabolic disorder biochemically characterized by the accumulation of the branched-chain alpha-keto acids (BCKA) alpha-ketoisocaproic (KIC), alpha-keto-beta-methylvaleric (KMV) and alpha-ketoisovaleric (KIV) and their respective branched-chain alpha-amino acids in ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2006.05.007
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative autoradiography analysis of neurotensin (NT) and somatostatin (SS) binding sites was performed on coronal sections of the medulla oblongata from 2 fetuses, 6 controls and 7 victims of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Throughout the first postnatal year, mean SS binding site density was similar in cont...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(92)90134-d
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An intraocular injection of [(3)H]proline was used to label rabbit retinal ganglion cells including components subjected to axonal transport. Degradation of rapidly axonally transported labelled proteins was estimated in an in vitro system using homogenates of the nerve terminal regions. The energy requirements of thi...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(85)90061-0
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purified synaptic vesicles were isolated from hog cerebral cortex by a rapid procedure consisting of homogenization of cerebral cortex slices in iso-osmotic sucrose, differential centrifugation and sucrose density-gradient centrifugation. The purity of the vesicles was evaluated both biochemically and morphologically....
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(83)90095-5
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective dopaminergic neurotoxicity induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) is believed to be due to the transmembrane uptake by the dopamine transporter and subsequent inhibition of mitochondrial complex I and/or production of free radicals. However, little is known about the molecular sequence of intracellular ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(99)00083-2
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00