Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is disproportionately elevated in trauma patients. Although HIV traditionally has been associated with poorer outcomes among the critically ill, recent evidence suggests that the outcomes of surgical patients have improved with the greater use of antiretroviral regimens. The purpose of this study was to utilize the National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) to examine the impact of HIV on surgical outcomes in a large group of trauma patients. METHODS:We identified all patients for whom HIV status at time of admission was recorded. Results were stratified by age and Injury Severity Score. Our primary outcome was death. Secondary outcomes were length of hospital stay (LOS), length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and complications. Data were analyzed using Student t-tests or chi-square analysis, as appropriate. RESULTS:The overall mortality rates were not significantly different in the HIV-positive and HIV-negative groups. Mortality rates remained similar in the two groups even when stratifying by ISS and age, with the exception of those patients who were 65 years or older. The HIV-positive patients had significantly longer LOS (7.6 vs. 5.6 days), shorter duration of mechanical ventilation (6.3 vs. 8.3 days), and no difference in length of ICU stay. The HIV-positive patients were significantly more likely to develop pneumonia, bacteremia, or wound infection. CONCLUSIONS:These findings are consistent with those of recent smaller studies that demonstrated no significant difference in the mortality rate for patients with HIV. Although mortality rates are similar, HIV-positive patients are more likely to develop certain infectious complications and to require a longer LOS. Infection with HIV remains a major public health issue in the U.S. and internationally, and further research is necessary to explore the relation between HIV status and trauma outcomes, particularly with regard to the possible effects of antiretroviral treatment and individual immune status.
journal_name
Surg Infect (Larchmt)journal_title
Surgical infectionsauthors
Morrison CA,Wyatt MM,Carrick MMdoi
10.1089/sur.2008.050subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-02-01 00:00:00pages
41-7issue
1eissn
1096-2964issn
1557-8674journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Vacuum-assisted fascial closure (VAFC-KCI(®)) of an open abdomen is one of the latest methods. METHODS:A prospective observational study was performed with medical records of nine patients who had been treated by abdominal VAFC-KCI(®) from March 2006 to October 2007 in the Department of Surgical Sciences, U...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2010.042
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Severe trauma leads to hematopoietic failure and bone marrow (BM) dysfunction that manifests clinically as a persistent anemia and leukopenia. The impact of severe trauma and its associated hyperadrenergic state on erythropoiesis has not been described. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2004.5.385
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Infection is the most common postoperative complication within the surgical wound and during severe trauma. In spite of the use of modern sterile techniques and prophylaxis, infection continues to be a leading cause of death in these patients. Therefore, it has become crucial to develop new alternatives to p...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2006.7.527
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tracheostomy is one of the most common procedures performed in trauma patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Few studies have evaluated the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) specifically in a trauma population. Our objective was to compare the incidence of SSI after open versus percutaneous tr...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2011.059
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant healthcare quality issue, resulting in increased morbidity, disability, length of stay, resource utilization, and costs. Identification of high-risk patients may improve pre-operative counseling, inform resource utilization, and allow modifications in peri-op...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/sur.2017.058
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with serious intraabdominal infections (IAI) who subsequently acquire nosocomial infections (NI) have been shown to have adverse outcomes. We evaluated factors that put patients at risk for developing NI and examined the effect of the NI on outcomes. METHODS:This study was a retrospective review of...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/109629604773860273
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Background: Implanting hardware into surgical sites increases the rate of infection associated with these sites. Without novel efforts to reduce this rate of infection, we can expect to see an increase in the number of hardware-associated infections as more patients are im...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2019.075
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In recent years, there has been a worldwide increase in infections caused by microorganisms resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. METHODS:In the past few decades, an increased prevalence of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens, including Enterococcus spp., carbapenem-resistant Pseudomon...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/sur.2013.262
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previously, we developed an infection model by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The high early mortality rate prompted a study of the effect of gentamicin on the disease course. METHODS:Infection was induced in Balb/c mice by IP inoculation of 10(3) colony-forming units (cfu) of K. p...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2006.060
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is caused by an overwhelming, uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response that is activated by a number of hostile stimuli including sepsis, hypovolemic shock, and severe trauma resulting in massive tissue injury. The indiscriminate activation of the inflammatory response due...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/109629600750018123
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to review the post-operative and infectious complications and determine the risk factors associated with infections in cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). PATIENTS AND METHODS:Between October 2007 and December 2013, patients who under...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2016.102
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To discover the incidence of postoperative surgical site infections in non-immunocompromised pediatric patients with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < or = 1,000 preoperatively. METHODS:Office and hospital charts of consecutive patients with preoperative ANC < or = 1,000 undergoing elective surgery over a t...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2006.085
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Most HIV-1 replication occurs in secondary lymphoid tissues, and evaluating these tissues is crucial to investigations of pathogenesis. Inguinal lymph nodes (LN) are obtained frequently for these studies as they are readily detectable in most individuals and provide abundant numbers of cells. Knowledge of th...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2013.218
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Background: Gallstones and cholecystitis are common clinical problems. There is a wide spectrum of disease severity, from rare symptoms of biliary colic to severe cholecystitis with marked gallbladder infection and inflammation that can cause life-threatening sepsis. The c...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2020.110
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:By definition, the term "surgical infection" implies that surgery plays the major role in therapy, whereas antimicrobial chemotherapy is only supplementary. Despite this view, the efficacy of such drugs is relevant, and for this reason, drug activity surveillance is necessary, especially for opportunistic an...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2006.7.269
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vancomycin is used widely as empiric therapy for gram-positive organisms in patients with an intra-abdominal infection (IAI), even in those with no history of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection or colonization. Potential adverse effects of vancomycin include nephrotoxicity, increase...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2014.211
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a paucity of data regarding whether sterile handling of endotracheal tubes (ETTs) impacts the incidence and prevalence of pneumonia in the emergency, urgent, or elective clinical scenarios. Intensive care units employ infection control and reduction schemes to reduce pneumonia rates. METHODS:A MEDL...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/sur.2006.054
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is an independent risk factor for developing nosocomial infections and for developing surgical site infection (SSI) in particular. The number of post-operative nosocomial S. aureus infections can be reduced by screening patients and decolonizing nasal carriers. In additio...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2014.022
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Metal implants are used frequently in orthopedic procedures and the occurrence of subclinical low-virulence infection is difficult to diagnose. The objective of this study was to examine the hypothesis that peri-prosthetic subclinical infections may be diagnosed effectively in a murine model system using sci...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2014.186
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) was launched in 2002 as a collaborative initiative of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), the International Sepsis Forum (ISF), and the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM). Its objective was, through the development and promulgation of evidence-ba...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/sur.2010.024
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Over the last half-decade, substantial breakthroughs have taken place in terms of routine therapy of critically ill patients. The combination of these strategies has the potential to result in improvement in the overall outcomes for patients in intensive care units. METHODS:A focused review was undertaken o...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/sur.2004.5.289
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hospital-acquired infections, sepsis, and critically ill patients cost the healthcare system billions of dollars every year. Many factors contribute to these problems, and the remedies are multifactorial. Education is an important component in resolving many of the issues related to better combating the economic, soci...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/sur.2016.100
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) are still associated with high morbidity and mortality levels. Early prognostic evaluation is a great challenge, and a serious amount of resources have been used to find the perfect mortality predictor. Monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR (mHLA-DR) expression has been stu...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/sur.2019.050
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Infection or bleeding after transrectal prostate biopsy remains a concern of both patients and urologists. We explored the risk of association of certain co-morbidities with both complications. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified patients ...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2018.174
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been suggetsed to have a positive impact on the healing of sternal or extremity wounds. However, few data deriving from breast surgery have been published. We evaluated the available literature regarding the effectiveness of NPWT systems in the healing of breast tis...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/sur.2013.165
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Data on antimicrobial prophylaxis for open fractures is limited, with many protocols based on expert recommendations. These protocols include aminoglycosides (AGs) for fractures with significant soft tissue injury, but these drugs are associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in other settings; this risk has...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2015.086
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The World Health Organization has identified the rapidly growing prevalence of obesity as one of today's serious health problems. Various surgical interventions categorized collectively as bariatric surgery now play an ever-increasing important role as the only known effective treatment for severe obesity. L...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2012.023
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Computed tomography (CT) is used increasingly to evaluate suspected cases of acute appendicitis (AA) in the emergency department (ED). This prospective study was performed to test the hypothesis that the evaluation of AA by CT in the ED remains suboptimal and that erroneous interpretation diminishes its util...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/109629601317202687
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Background: Hand infections can spread quickly and destroy functional structures. Early diagnosis and adequate therapy can prevent severe morbidities. The aim of this study was to evaluate systematically the spread of hand infections according to injury mechanism, pathogen...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2020.035
更新日期:2020-07-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgical site infection (SSI) continues to be a common if often times preventable infection. Considerable patient morbidity and economic cost are the consequences. METHODS:Review of the pertinent English-language literature. RESULTS:The National Surgical Infection Prevention (SIP) Project was an initiative...
journal_title:Surgical infections
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/sur.2008.9951
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00