Abstract:
:Recent studies demonstrate the critical role of the extracellular matrix in the organization of parenchymal cells in the heart. Thus, an understanding of the modes of regulation of matrix production by cardiac myofibroblasts is essential. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling is transduced through the canonical Smad pathway, and the involvement of this pathway in matrix synthesis and other processes requires precise control. Inhibition of Smad signaling may be achieved at the receptor level through the targeting of the TGF-beta type I receptors with an inhibitory Smad7/Smurf2 complex, or at the transcriptional level through c-Ski/receptor-Smad/co-mediator Smad4 interactions. Conversely, Arkadia protein intensifies TGF-beta-induced effects by marking c-Ski and inhibitory Smad7 for destruction. The study of these TGF-beta mediators is essential for future treatment of fibrotic disease, and this review highlights recent relevant findings that may impact our understanding of cardiac fibrosis.
journal_name
Can J Physiol Pharmacoljournal_title
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacologyauthors
Cunnington RH,Nazari M,Dixon IMdoi
10.1139/Y09-076subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-10-01 00:00:00pages
764-72issue
10eissn
0008-4212issn
1205-7541pii
y09-076journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A variety of neural factors can influence reproductive hormone secretion by neuromodulatory actions within the hypothalamus or neuroendocrine actions within the anterior pituitary gland. Passive immunoneutralization and antagonist administration protocols have suggested physiological roles for a number of these factor...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y92-102
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The developing heart forms during the early stages of embryogenesis, and misregulated heart development results in congenital heart defects (CHDs). To understand the molecular basis of CHDs, a deep understanding of the morphological and genetic basis of heart development is necessary. Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) i...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/y11-051
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the glucose response to insulin infused after hepatic denervation. Hepatic denervations were performed on 13 anesthetized cats at different levels: (i) surgical hepatic anterior plexus denervation, (ii) chemical total hepatic denervation by painting phenol on the tissues around the portal vein,...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y93-024
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the effects of prolonged exercise on muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ cycling properties and the metabolic responses with and without a session of exercise designed to reduce muscle glycogen reserves while on a normal carbohydrate (CHO) diet. Eight untrained males (VO(2peak) = 3.81 +/- 0...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y05-049
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Ca2+ -Mg2+ ATPase in the distal tubule (where calcium transport is active, against a gradient, and hormone dependent) presents some characteristics different from those observed in the proximal tubule, and whether these characteristics are likely to shed light on th...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y87-328
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The direct effects of extrinsic nerve stimulation on coronary artery tone are unclear because of the complications arising from alterations in myocardial dynamics which themselves alter flow. An isolated and perfused nonbeating slab of beef ventricle was utilized in the present experiments to eliminate secondary compl...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y79-043
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Existing literature provides an equivocal picture of the behavior of mitochondrial synthesis during the time course of cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, we examined the effect of cardiac hypertrophy on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (CYTOX) activity, the content of CYTOX subunit VIc mRNA, and the expression of molec...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y95-080
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in force and stiffness during contractions of mouse extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles were measured over a range of extracellular pH from 6.4 to 7.4. Muscle stiffness was measured using small amplitude (less than 0.1% of muscle length), high frequency (1.5 kHz) oscillations in length. Twitch force w...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y87-280
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intestinal uptake of 0.5 and 40 mM glucose, galactose, and 3-O-methyl glucose (3-O-MG) was examined in vitro in rabbits fed a high (HS) or a low (LS) sucrose diet. In animals with an intact intestinal tract, the jejunal uptake of 0.5 mM 3-O-MG was unaffected by the dietary content of sucrose, whereas the uptake of...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y87-361
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an antineoplastic drug that induces kidney damage via producing oxidative stress. Carvacrol (CAR) has antioxidative effect and we postulated that it can be protective against CP-induced nephrotoxicity. Six groups (n = 7) of rats (control, 100 mg/kg CP, CP+5 mg/kg CAR, CP+10 mg/kg CAR, 5 mg/kg ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2016-0450
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonin has been shown to alter the intestinal transport of ions and intestinal motility. These effects may interfere with each other, modulating the whole physiology of the intestine. We have previously shown that serotonin also alters the transport of nutrients. Thus, the aims of the present work were to determine...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::H2S is an important gasotransmitter with a vasorelaxant property. The modulation of endogenous H2S generation from different tissues and the functional consequence of this modulation are not clear. In the present study, the production of H2S from vascular tissues as well as the liver and ileum of rats was measured. Th...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y03-077
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We hypothesized that the respiratory baroreflex in conscious rats is either more transient, or has a higher pressure threshold than in other species. To characterize the effect of arterial pressure changes on respiration in conscious rats, ventilation (V) was measured by the plethysmographic technique during injection...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-76-7-8-707
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to characterize the effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) on the endocrine pancreas in anesthetized dogs. PACAP(1-27) and a PACAP receptor (PAC(1)) blocker, PACAP(6-27), were locally administered to the pancreas. PACAP(1-27) (0.005-5 microg) increased ba...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y03-067
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The utilization of triacylglycerol in slow oxidative, fast oxidative-glycolytic, and fast glycolytic skeletal muscle fiber types was examined in rats subjected to a prolonged exhaustive swim. Significant reductions of intramuscular triacylglycerol occurred following 2 h and 40 min of swimming in all muscles containing...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y85-102
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In experiments on isolated guinea pig papillary muscles the effects of verapamil (5 mg/L) and caffeine (1 g/L) on the two-component contraction were investigated. The muscles were continuously superfused with normal Tyrode's solution containing 2 mg of noradrenaline/L at 20--22 degrees C. The first derivative of contr...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y79-132
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium handling in diaphragm was compared between mdx mice (7-8 weeks old) and age-matched controls. The total SR Ca2+ load was released from the SR by rapidly cooling muscle bundles from 22 to -1 degree C. The plateau amplitude of the rapid cooling contracture (RCC) was considered as an i...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-76-12-1161
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mepivacaine is an aminoamide local anesthetic with an intermediate duration that intrinsically produces vasoconstriction both in vivo and in vitro. This study investigated the arachidonic acid metabolic pathways involved in mepivacaine-induced contraction, and elucidated the associated cellular mechanism with a partic...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2012-0197
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heme plays a critical role in blood pressure regulation because it is required by a number of enzymes that synthesize vascular modulators, including nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), and prostacyclin. The goal of thi...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y08-064
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the physiological and clinical implications of the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)/guanylyl cyclase B (GC-B) system in the human vasculature, we have examined gene expressions of CNP and its receptor, GC-B, in human vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and have also compared the e...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2019-0686
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::High buffer cardioplegia may provide protection against ischemic damage by reducing the extent of intracellular acidosis. Secondary cardioplegia may improve postischemic recovery by restoration of high energy phosphates, ionic gradients, and intracellular pH. To test these hypotheses, pig hearts were arrested with hig...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y91-260
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. To examine whether different local anesthetics act on different or similar sites in the nerve membrane, the effects of combinations of lipid-soluble anesthetics and tetrodotoxin (TTX) were studied on the compound action potential of the frog sciatic nerve. 2. The nerve-blocking potency of TTX was potentiated 5-fold...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y75-073
更新日期:1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Techniques to dissociate different sites or stores important for Ca2+ entry or release in smooth muscle include washouts of 45Ca in cold La3+ -substituted solutions. Scatchard-coordinate plots of Ca2+ uptake, substitution of Sr2+ for Ca2+, and both desaturation and rate coefficient plots. Rabbit aortic smooth muscle i...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/y87-119
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensorimotor mechanisms were studied on the basis of kinematic and electromyographic data as well as the static torque developed by the muscles as a function of joint angle. The latter relationship is known as the torque/angle characteristic. Fast single-joint movement may result from a shift in this characteristic an...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1139/y95-042
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mesangial cell is a contractile secreting cell found in a key position in the renal glomerulus. Several kidney and systemic diseases are associated with dysfunctions of the mesangial cells. We compared the effect of bradykinin (BK; B2 agonist) and des-Arg9-bradykinin (DBK; B1 agonist) on intracellular calcium mobi...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y95-116
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biochemical studies using highly condensed Xenopus sperm chromatin and protein extracts prepared from multiple systems have lead to the identification of conserved proteins involved in chromosome decondensation. However, mutations to these proteins are unavailable as the systems used are not amenable to genetic studie...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y05-042
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In male Sprague--Dawley rats, hypertensive development was diminished for 10 weeks when parathyroidectomy (PTX) was performed 1 week before deoxycorticosterone plus saline (DOCA + NaCl) treatment. In young spontaneously hypertensive male rats (SHR, Okamoto strain) parathyroidectomy performed after weaning lessened hyp...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y82-033
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heat production (HP), heart rate (HR), respiration rate, rumen motility, and body temperature responses to 2.5-h adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA) intrajugular infusions at 0.00, 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 0.90 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 were studied in 10 shorn wethers which had been chronically (3-8 weeks) exposed to ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y81-150
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inhibition of hepatic microsomal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity by SKF 525-A in vitro was studied in hepatic microsomes from rats of varying age, sex hormone status, and drug treatment. The concentration of SKF 525-A required to produce a 50% inhibition of AHH activity, the IC50, was determined for th...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y82-156
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pHi regulation from intracellular acidosis in the central nervous system appears to be mediated by mechanisms driven by the large inwardly directed Na+ gradient. The involvement of these mechanisms in pHi regulation of neurones and glial cells has been investigated in the leech central nervous system using ion-sel...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y92-273
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00