Adjustment disorder with depressed mood: a critique of its DSM-IV and ICD-10 conceptualisations and recommendations for the future.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:The volume of research involving adjustment disorder (AD) is limited. The scientific neglect of AD seems to result from the inadequate operationalisation of AD in DSM-IV and ICD-10. The aims of the present proposal are to discuss the shortcomings of AD conceptualisations and to present recommendations for the future. SAMPLING AND METHODS:This conceptual paper is based on an iterative process of debate between the authors. RESULTS:The current operational definition of AD is characterised by 3 main limitations: (1) the inadequately defined clinical significance criterion, (2) the relegation of AD behind other diagnoses and (3) the missed recognition of the importance of contextual factors, such that normal human adaptive processes might be pathologised. Furthermore, subtypes of AD lack operational clarity. Based on a discussion of the limitations, recommendations for DSM-V are presented, including the addition of new subtypes. CONCLUSIONS:The revision of AD criteria will reduce the likelihood of false-positive and false-negative diagnoses. These changes will enable the scientific exploration of this common and relevant disorder, and will make epidemiological studies, and ultimately service planning based on these, more reliable than at present.

journal_name

Psychopathology

journal_title

Psychopathology

authors

Baumeister H,Maercker A,Casey P

doi

10.1159/000207455

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-01-01 00:00:00

pages

139-47

issue

3

eissn

0254-4962

issn

1423-033X

pii

000207455

journal_volume

42

pub_type

杂志文章
  • A classification system for misidentification syndromes.

    abstract::Misidentification syndromes have traditionally relied upon the patient's delusional explanation for their classification. Using 2 cases for illustration, a more systematic classification is proposed for misidentification syndromes. The revised nomenclature has potential use in future research of misidentification synd...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000284634

    authors: Silva JA,Leong GB,Shaner AL

    更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00

  • Impact of alexithymia on treatment outcome: a naturalistic study of short-term cognitive-behavioral group therapy for panic disorder.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:It is often suggested in the literature that alexithymic patients are less responsive to psychotherapy than nonalexithymic patients. However, few empirical studies have examined this issue. Furthermore, it is unclear whether or not alexithymia itself may improve during psychotherapy. METHODS:Fifty-five cons...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000288639

    authors: Rufer M,Albrecht R,Zaum J,Schnyder U,Mueller-Pfeiffer C,Hand I,Schmidt O

    更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00

  • Self-monitoring dysfunction and the positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

    abstract::Frith has proposed that symptoms of alien control in schizophrenia result from a defect in a metarepresentational process leading to a failure to properly monitor self-willed intentions and actions. To examine this hypothesis, a group of 40 schizophrenic patients, all meeting DSM-III-R criteria, and rated for current ...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000049307

    authors: Stirling JD,Hellewell JS,Ndlovu D

    更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00

  • Psychological perspectives for the development of future diagnostic systems.

    abstract::Psychological aspects of classification broadly refer to mental functions and dysfunctions and are important to consider both in terms of clinical use and the elucidation of pertinent theories. There are a number of concepts crucial to consider for psychologically informed classification, including personality structu...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000065135

    authors: Mundt C

    更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00

  • Anxiety comorbidity in referred children and adolescents with dysthymic disorder.

    abstract::Anxiety disorders are common in patients with depressive disorders. This preliminary study investigated some clinical correlates of comorbidity between dysthymic disorder (DD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in a clinically referred sample of children and adolescents. After psychiatric evaluation, including a d...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000049318

    authors: Masi G,Mucci M,Favilla L,Millepiedi S

    更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00

  • Assessment of personality functioning: validity of the operationalized psychodynamic diagnosis axis IV (structure).

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The assessment of personality functioning has recently become a focus of psychiatric diagnostics. The interview-based Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2) provides a 'structure axis' for the assessment of personality functioning. METHODS:One hundred twenty-four psychiatric patients were diagnosed...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000355062

    authors: Doering S,Burgmer M,Heuft G,Menke D,Bäumer B,Lübking M,Feldmann M,Schneider G

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00

  • Self-centrality, basic symptoms model and psychopathology in schizophrenia.

    abstract::The study's aim was to empirically derive the psychopathological constellation associated with self-centrality (i.e. non-delusional self-referential attitude) by seeking an interpretation in the light of the 'Basic Symptoms Model' of schizophrenic psychopathology. Eighty-four patients with an established schizophrenic...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000077581

    authors: Maggini C,Raballo A

    更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00

  • Depressive symptoms and occupational role among female groups: a research in a south-east African village.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the relationships between social and cultural factors and African psychopathology have largely been considered from a theoretical point of view, empirical studies are still few and far between. This paper reports the results of a mental health survey conducted in the village of Namwera (Malawi, Sout...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000029152

    authors: Carta MG,Carpiniello B,Dazzan P,Reda MA

    更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00

  • A Phenomenological Contribution to Substance Misuse Treatment: Principles for Person-Centered Care.

    abstract::Despite the significant need for coordinated approaches to the treatment of substance misuse worldwide, there are still major gaps in both the provision of services and in the development of a theoretically unified approach to care. We suggest that a phenomenological approach to care can provide comprehensive, theoret...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1159/000501509

    authors: Messas GP,Fukuda L,Pienkos E

    更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00

  • Early mental changes in patients with astrocytomas with special reference to anxiety and epilepsy.

    abstract::This study of 47 patients with low- and high-grade gliomas retrospectively focuses on the patients' history with regard to affective and cognitive disturbances as well as to the presence of epileptic manifestations. Early emotional changes with a sudden onset were common in both patient groups, especially panic-like a...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000285074

    authors: Lilja A,Salford LG

    更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00

  • The roots of empathy: the shared manifold hypothesis and the neural basis of intersubjectivity.

    abstract::Starting from a neurobiological standpoint, I will propose that our capacity to understand others as intentional agents, far from being exclusively dependent upon mentalistic/linguistic abilities, be deeply grounded in the relational nature of our interactions with the world. According to this hypothesis, an implicit,...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000072786

    authors: Gallese V

    更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00

  • Impulsivity in borderline personality disorder: impairment in self-report measures, but not behavioral inhibition.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Impulsivity is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). However, previous clinical and experimental studies investigating impulsivity in BPD rendered mixed results. In this study, impulsivity was assessed by self-report scales and behavioral inhibition tasks to compare different data levels. ...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000304174

    authors: Jacob GA,Gutz L,Bader K,Lieb K,Tüscher O,Stahl C

    更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00

  • The phenomenology of the psychotic break and Huxley's trip: substance use and the onset of psychosis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:While considerable research attention has been devoted to the causal relationship between substance use and psychosis, the phenomenology of the association between the two has largely been ignored. This is a significant shortcoming, because it blinds researchers to the possibility that there may be elements ...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000152376

    authors: Nelson B,Sass LA

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Development of a new shortened version of Raven's matrices test for application and rough assessment of present intellectual capacity within psychopathological investigation.

    abstract::Based on a sample of 300 psychiatric patients the items of the Standard Progressive Matrices test are analyzed in terms of classical and probabilistic methods, and a version shortened to 30 items is developed. This new version of the test is then standardized from a new sample of 1,200 patients. A table of selected pe...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000284003

    authors: Wytek R,Opgenoorth E,Presslich O

    更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00

  • Naturalistic course of obsessive compulsive disorder and comorbid depression. Longitudinal results of a prospective follow-up study of 74 actively treated patients.

    abstract::Seventy-four patients who met DSM-III-R criteria for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) were studied in a prospective follow-up study in order to investigate course and prognosis of OCD with or without comorbid depressive symptomatology. Subjects were examined three times: at admission (baseline), 6 months later (fol...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000029124

    authors: Zitterl W,Demal U,Aigner M,Lenz G,Urban C,Zapotoczky HG,Zitterl-Eglseer K

    更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00

  • Concordance of acute and transient psychoses and cycloid psychoses.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:We prospectively investigated a sample of 42 patients with acute and transient psychotic disorder (ATPD) as defined by the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10; F23) to determine the clinical and demographic features of this entity and its relationship to cycloid psychoses. M...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000049329

    authors: Pillmann F,Haring A,Balzuweit S,Blöink R,Marneros A

    更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00

  • World Health Organization Schedule for Standardized Assessment of Depressive Disorders (WHO/SADD-5). Item combinations and interobserver reliability.

    abstract::In this study we have examined four parts of the 5th revision of the World Health Organization schedule for Standardized Assessment of Depressive Disorders (WHO/SADD-5): (I) items that cover the present depressive state; (II) items that cover the psychiatric history; (III) a global assessment scale for the severity of...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000284058

    authors: Bech P,Gjerris A,Andersen J,Rafaelsen OJ

    更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00

  • Carving versus Stitching: The Concept of Psychic Function and the Continuity/Discontinuity Debate.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The current debate on the continuity or discontinuity of psychotic symptoms and common psychic experiences has mainly dealt with methodological, epidemiological and clinical issues, but it has neglected epistemological research on the main concepts of the field. METHODS:The implicit epistemic structure of c...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000369889

    authors: Rejón Altable C,Múzquiz Jiménez Á

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Amplification and attribution styles in somatoform and depressive disorders--a study from Bangalore, India.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:The present investigation aimed to study attribution styles and somatosensory amplification among patients suffering from somatoform and depressive disorders. METHODS:Two groups of 30 patients with diagnoses of somatoform disorder and depressive disorder, respectively (ICD-10 DCR), and one group of 30 normal...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000070365

    authors: Duddu V,Chaturvedi SK,Isaac MK

    更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00

  • Other Persons: On the Phenomenology of Interpersonal Experience in Schizophrenia (Ancillary Article to EAWE Domain 3).

    abstract::In this paper, we discuss the philosophical and psychopathological background of Domain 3, Other persons, of the Examination of Anomalous World Experiences (EAWE). The EAWE interview aims to describe the manifold phenomena of the schizophrenic lifeworld in all of their concrete and distinctive features, thus complemen...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1159/000456037

    authors: Stanghellini G,Ballerini M,Mancini M

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Profiles of suicidality and clusters of Hungarian adolescent outpatients suffering from suicidal behaviour.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to reveal the background dimensions of suicidal behaviour (SB) and to identify clusters of Hungarian adolescent outpatients suffering from suicidality by means of the following correlates of SB: depression, inadequate conflict-solving methods, dysfunctional attitudes, maladaptive cop...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000228839

    authors: Dinya E,Csorba J,Sorfozo Z,Steiner P,Ficsor B,Horvath A

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of color preference in depressives and controls.

    abstract::Color preferences of 61 patients with major depressive disorder were compared to 69 controls. A multidimensional scaling analysis revealed a difference in overall color arrangements between groups. The possible significance of this is discussed. ...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000284510

    authors: Garvey MJ,Luxenberg M

    更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00

  • Life events in late paraphrenia and depression.

    abstract::38 patients with late paraphrenia and 38 with endogenous depression of late onset were examined and various premorbid characteristics and biographical data compared. The main objective of the study was to look for differential risk factors and for biographical experiences that suggested a specific premorbid vulnerabil...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000029069

    authors: Fuchs T

    更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00

  • Development and psychometric characteristics of the DSS-4 as a short instrument to assess dissociative experience during neuropsychological experiments.

    abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Until now, no brief self-report instrument for the assessment of dissociative states comprising somatoform and psychological items has been available. Thus, we developed a brief instrument for repeated assessment of dissociation during single neuropsychological experiments and neuroimaging. METHODS:Bas...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000236908

    authors: Stiglmayr C,Schmahl C,Bremner JD,Bohus M,Ebner-Priemer U

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Scale for Assessment of Thought, Language and Communication in psychotic in-patients.

    abstract::The reliability and usefulness of the Scale for Assessment of Thought, Language and Communication was evaluated in a group of psychotic in-patients. A very high interrater reliability (0.75-1.0) and an optimum rate-rerate reliability (0.50-1.0) were found on the individual items of the scale as well as the global rati...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000284714

    authors: Mazumdar PK,Chaturvedi SK,Sinha V,Gopinath PS

    更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00

  • Are depressive persons capable of describing changes in their reactions without being able to explain them? A proof of a cybernetic hypothesis of depression.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Many studies on the autobiographical memory and the explanation of reasons for success and failure proved that persons suffering from major depression tend to overgeneralize. This study examines the hypothesis that changes of reactions caused by a depressive disorder can be described by the affected persons ...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000078088

    authors: Leibetseder M,Kamolz T

    更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00

  • On organically based hallucinatory-delusional psychoses.

    abstract::In an investigation of 70 chronically mentally ill patients in a district psychiatric hospital, 11 cases were discovered which had been diagnosed up to now as schizophrenia, but could now be diagnosed as being of organic origin. In group 1 (cases 1-6) there are dementive states after toxic, inflammatory or early child...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000284493

    authors: Albert E

    更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00

  • Hyperprolactinemia and delusion of pregnancy.

    abstract::We describe the case of a 44-year-old woman admitted with mania with psychotic symptoms who presented with delusion of twin pregnancy a month after admission, which temporally correlated with hyperprolactinemia secondary to antipsychotic medication. Modification of antipsychotic medication was associated with fall in ...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000110628

    authors: Ahuja N,Vasudev K,Lloyd A

    更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00

  • Cannabis-induced psychosis-like experiences are associated with high schizotypy.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Recent studies have suggested that cannabis use is a risk factor for developing schizophrenia. We tested the hypothesis that cannabis use increases the likelihood of psychosis-like experiences in non-clinical participants who scored highly on a measure of schizotypy. METHOD:The psychological effects of canna...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000092678

    authors: Barkus EJ,Stirling J,Hopkins RS,Lewis S

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • Influence of clinical and neuropsychological variables on the psychosocial and occupational outcome of remitted bipolar patients.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To measure the impact of the clinical course, the residual mood symptoms and the cognitive variables on the psychosocial and occupational functioning in bipolar disorder patients in remission. METHOD:Forty-four euthymic DSM-IV-TR bipolar lithium-treated outpatients were assessed with a clinical interview and...

    journal_title:Psychopathology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1159/000207456

    authors: Mur M,Portella MJ,Martinez-Aran A,Pifarre J,Vieta E

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00