Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Many studies on the autobiographical memory and the explanation of reasons for success and failure proved that persons suffering from major depression tend to overgeneralize. This study examines the hypothesis that changes of reactions caused by a depressive disorder can be described by the affected persons but not explained. SAMPLE AND METHODS:Persons suffering from major depression and persons with posttraumatic stress disorder or disturbance of accommodation with depressive mood (= reactive form of a depressive disorder) were presented with a list of modalities (behaviour, emotional and physical reactions) characteristic for depression. They were asked to identify modalities applicable to them and to describe and explain them. Their responses were analysed using a content analysis and assigned to the categories description and explanation. RESULTS:Persons with a major depression tended to use explanations or evaluations rather than descriptions for their depression-related modalities. Those persons suffering from a reactive form of depressive disorder tended to prefer evaluations. CONCLUSION:These results support the assumption that states of depression cause general descriptions of depression-relevant behaviour. The specific characteristics that have been perceived confirm the general concepts, which however make the patient prone to the respective selective perceptions. Persons suffering from a reactive form of depressive mood cannot be assumed to have this tendency of self-affirmation. Their depressive state may be maintained by perseverating general pessimistic schemes. LIMITATIONS:It must however be conceded that it was not possible to control the physical comorbidity methodically and to take its effects into consideration, even though only persons without serious illnesses were included in the samples. This study did not verify whether other clinical groups, like patients suffering from anxiety, show the same patterns of explaining and describing their problems. It should furthermore be reviewed how other actions, e.g. positive ones, are represented by depressive persons.
journal_name
Psychopathologyjournal_title
Psychopathologyauthors
Leibetseder M,Kamolz Tdoi
10.1159/000078088subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-03-01 00:00:00pages
86-91issue
2eissn
0254-4962issn
1423-033Xpii
78088journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
PSYCHOPATHOLOGY文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND:According to Karl Jaspers, psychopathology requires a comprehensive method, understood as a systematic exploration of the first-person perspective of the patient's experience. At the same time, however, schizophrenia for Jaspers is characterized by its radical incomprehensibility. In addition, Rümke's so-cal...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000481516
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case report is presented of a koro-like syndrome in a 34-year-old Bedouin man living in the Negev desert in Israel. The patient's disturbance is accompanied by voyeurism and the onset appears to be related to his sexual practices. This is the first reported case among Bedouins, who are an Arab nomadic tribe living i...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000029037
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delinquency among depressed patients plays a minor role in criminal behavior. Among the most tragic associations between depression and criminality are cases of extended suicide or suicide attempt. We studied psychopathology, personality, and psychosocial stressors of 9 Austrian females who committed a serious extende...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000029111
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychological aspects of classification broadly refer to mental functions and dysfunctions and are important to consider both in terms of clinical use and the elucidation of pertinent theories. There are a number of concepts crucial to consider for psychologically informed classification, including personality structu...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000065135
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Up to 60% of bipolar disorder (BD) patients develop alcohol use disorders (AUD) at some point in their lives. The causes of this highly prevalent comorbidity are unknown. High trait impulsivity characterizes both isolated BD and AUD and may be a link to explain the association between BD and AUD. In this stu...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000336730
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Several components of social cognition are compromised in schizophrenia (SCZ) from the early stage of the illness. In this study we first investigated whether mirror neuron-driven embodied simulation (mnES) is altered in first-episode SCZ. Second, we tested whether emotional cues impact on the mnES in S...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000366133
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors summarize the international clinical research performed on trazodone, underlying some pharmacodynamic and therapeutic features of the activity of the drug, the originality of its pharmacodynamic profile and the possibility of using trazodone in a wide range of primary or secondary depression subtypes. Avai...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284097
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is increasing evidence to suggest basal ganglion involvement in the aetiopathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Twenty subjects with rheumatic chorea were assessed for presence of OCD and evaluated on Leyton's Obsessional Inventory. Four subjects had OCD. The study group had markedly higher scores ...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284991
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High rates of mental disorders have been reported for prison populations. Understanding patterns of comorbidity may be essential for the development of adequate treatment interventions. The present study aimed to assess the underlying structure of comorbidity between mental health and substance use disorders...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000495844
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to reassess former child and adolescent psychiatric patients as adults with regard to their further development. METHODS:We used a 'catch-up' design. A former child and adolescent psychiatric patient cohort and controls (matched for sex and age) were assessed as adults with sta...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000049279
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The insight into psychosis can be assessed reliably by clinicians from interviews with patients. However, patients may retain implicit awareness of illness while lacking explicit awareness. SAMPLING AND METHODS:In a sample of first-episode psychosis patients, we used a test of processing of mental illness-r...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000350452
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::77 patients with delusional psychoses, regardless of their nosological attribution (except severe organicity), and their first-degree relatives were diagnosed with the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) and the Vienna Research Criteria (VRC). The diagnostic procedure was performed blindly in the relatives. Both criter...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284469
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of delusional misidentification syndromes (DMS) in a consecutive sample of 195 inpatient admissions with functional psychosis was found to be 4.1%. It is argued that DMS symptoms are more common than previously supposed. ...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284862
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Color preferences of 61 patients with major depressive disorder were compared to 69 controls. A multidimensional scaling analysis revealed a difference in overall color arrangements between groups. The possible significance of this is discussed. ...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284510
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective analysis of all medically serious suicide attempts made by 45 patients hospitalized consecutively at the Payne Whitney Clinic with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual III discharge diagnosis of unipolar major depression recurrent with psychotic features was undertaken. Patients with delusions of pers...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284538
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive therapy alone without concurrent behavioral components seems to be ineffective in the treatment of depressive patients. However, the combination of cognitive and behavioral treatment procedures including social skills training is effective even in the therapy of definite endogenous depression. Three importan...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000285146
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Capgras syndrome is characterized by a delusion of impostors who are thought to be physically similar but psychologically distinct from the misidentified person. This syndrome is generally thought to be relatively rare. Most of our knowledge about Capgras syndrome derives from single case studies and small series of c...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284765
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The following case report describes a pregnant woman who was convinced that her pregnancy was non-existent despite being in an advanced stage of clinically obvious pregnancy. The nosologically unspecific syndrome of denial of pregnancy is discussed by reviewing the literature. Based on the existing literature it will ...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000096685
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Disturbances in first person experience is a broadly noted feature of schizophrenia, which cannot be reduced to the expression of psychopathology. Yet, though categorically linked with profound suffering, these disturbances are often ignored by most contemporary treatment models. METHODS:In this paper,...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000495297
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to reveal the background dimensions of suicidal behaviour (SB) and to identify clusters of Hungarian adolescent outpatients suffering from suicidality by means of the following correlates of SB: depression, inadequate conflict-solving methods, dysfunctional attitudes, maladaptive cop...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000228839
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventy-four patients who met DSM-III-R criteria for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) were studied in a prospective follow-up study in order to investigate course and prognosis of OCD with or without comorbid depressive symptomatology. Subjects were examined three times: at admission (baseline), 6 months later (fol...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000029124
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Buspirone is a clinically effective anxiolytic with a unique structure and pharmacology which distinguishes it from the benzodiazepines. It has been termed anxioselective because it lacks anticonvulsant, sedative, or muscle-relaxant properties. Preclinical evidence suggests it lacks potential for abuse or physical dep...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284133
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reliability and usefulness of the Scale for Assessment of Thought, Language and Communication was evaluated in a group of psychotic in-patients. A very high interrater reliability (0.75-1.0) and an optimum rate-rerate reliability (0.50-1.0) were found on the individual items of the scale as well as the global rati...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284714
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysphoric states have been of particular interest for a long time since they occur not only in patients with psycho-organic syndromes but also in those with manic-depressive disease. This paper discusses some aspects of dysphoria from the pathophysiological point of view. Data mostly derived from epileptic patients in...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000284488
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we have examined four parts of the 5th revision of the World Health Organization schedule for Standardized Assessment of Depressive Disorders (WHO/SADD-5): (I) items that cover the present depressive state; (II) items that cover the psychiatric history; (III) a global assessment scale for the severity of...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284058
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The DSM criteria for a delusion indicate that it should not include any beliefs held by a person's 'culture or subculture'. The internet has many examples of people reporting 'mind control experiences' (MCEs) on self-published web pages, many of which suggest a community based around such beliefs and experie...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000090598
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Symptoms as in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are frequent among individuals with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). The aim of the present study was to examine the impact of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity on the clinical phenotype of children and adolescents with PDD. SAM...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000100007
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phylogenetic and ontogenetic developments of social cognition have been a major research focus of evolutionary and developmental psychology. Theory of mind or so-called Machiavellian intelligence, that is the capacity to infer mental states of other individuals and to manipulate them in order to maximise social su...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000049286
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the relationships between social and cultural factors and African psychopathology have largely been considered from a theoretical point of view, empirical studies are still few and far between. This paper reports the results of a mental health survey conducted in the village of Namwera (Malawi, Sout...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000029152
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and the depressive attributional style questionnaire (ASQ) were administered to 105 depressed patients prior to participation in a double-blind outpatient study and to 29 normal controls. The depressed patients were classified into three groups (1) met criteria for both researc...
journal_title:Psychopathology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000284769
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00