Abstract:
:Aside from its established immunologic and hematologic functions, the spleen also plays an important role in cardiovascular regulation. This occurs through changes in intrasplenic microvascular tone, as well as through splenic neurohormonal modulation of the renal and mesenteric vascular beds. Splenic regulation of blood volume occurs predominantly through fluid extravasation from the splenic circulation into lymphatic reservoirs; this is controlled by direct modulation of splenic pre- and postcapillary resistance by established physiologic agents such as atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), nitric oxide (NO), and adrenomedullin (ADM). In addition to physiologic fluid regulation, splenic extravasation is a key factor in the inability to maintain adequate intravascular volume in septic shock. The spleen also controls renal microvascular tone through reflex activation of the splenic afferent and renal sympathetic nerves. This splenorenal reflex not only contributes to the physiologic regulation of blood pressure, but also contributes to the cardiovascular dysregulation associated with both septic shock and portal hypertension. In septic shock, the splenorenal reflex protectively limits splenic extravasation and potentially promotes renal sodium and water reabsorption and release of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II; this function is eventually overwhelmed as shock progresses. In portal hypertension, on the other hand, the splenorenal reflex-mediated reduction in renal vascular conductance exacerbates sodium and water retention in the kidneys and may eventually contribute to renal dysfunction. Preliminary evidence suggests that the spleen also may play a role in the hemodynamic complications of portal hypertension via neurohormonal modulation of the mesenteric vascular bed. Lastly, the spleen itself may be a source of a vasoactive factor.
journal_name
Can J Physiol Pharmacoljournal_title
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacologyauthors
Hamza SM,Kaufman Sdoi
10.1139/Y08-103subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-7issue
1eissn
0008-4212issn
1205-7541pii
y08-103journal_volume
87pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::We characterized the innervation of isolated circular and longitudinal-oriented muscle strips from the nulliparous rabbit uterus and cervix by field stimulation (FS). FS with increasing frequency (2.5-50 pps) and voltage (2.5-70 V) caused graded increases in isometric contraction with no relaxation or inhibition of sp...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y89-131
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study was carried out to determine whether the diminished release of norepinephrine (NE) upon sympathetic activation in the presence of sotalol can be attributed to the blockade of beta-adrenoceptors in the liver. NE release from the liver was measured in hepatic venous blood collected during direct hepatic nerve ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y85-234
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of bosentan, a mixed endothelin receptor A and B subtype antagonist, on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and to explore the influence of the timing of bosentan administration on its cardioprotective effects. Adult rat hearts were perfused by the Langendorf...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y05-014
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A systematic study has been performed in various segments of the intestine and in the urinary bladder of the mouse to identify tissues that respond to kinins and possess B1 and (or) B2 receptors. The stomach was found to contain B1 and B2 functional sites that show pharmacological profiles compatible with B1 and B2 re...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y95-240
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In cultures of rat granulosa cells, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) increases 32P incorporation into both phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidic acid (PA). After 20 min, the level of radioactivity was three- to four-fold (p less than 0.01) above control in the PI and PA fractions, respectively. The st...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y85-058
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depletion of divalent cations before fractionation of the longitudinal muscle of the guinea pig ileum yielded a sarcolemma-enriched microsomal fraction free of mitochondria. A major portion of the ATPase activity in the presence of Mg, Na, and K was due to stimulation by Na alone. A further small stimulation by K was ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y77-162
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y90-203
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vasoconstrictors norepinephrine (NE) and angiotensin II (AII) mediate increases in oxygen uptake (VO2) by the constant flow perfused rat hind limb that are inhibited by quinidine-like membrane-stabilizing effects (involving the interruption of action potential) of (+/-)-propranolol with little effect on vasoconstr...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y04-038
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-77-1-75
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In both isolated canine ventricular trabecular muscle and Purkinje strand preparations, dl-sotalol and its two optical isomers d- and l-sotalol produced a concentration-dependent increase in action potential duration while other transmembrane electrical characteristics were not significantly affected. The magnitude of...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y85-248
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The change in plasma and blood cell pools of L-glutamine during a single pass through the kidney was studied in dogs and rats. It was shown that the glutamine content of blood cells does not change following one passage through the renal vascular bed in normal or acidotic dogs. Furthermore, an infusion of L-glutamine ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y85-145
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), prostacyclin (PGI2), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) was measured from endothelial cells (EC) cultured from either bovine vena cava (BVCEC) or bovine aorta (BAEC). EDRF release was determined by using the superfusion bioassay technique, whereas ET-1 and PGI2 were meas...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y92-088
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that abdominal irradiation alters intestinal uptake of nutrients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an orally administered synthetic prostaglandin E2, enprostil, given on three occasions shortly prior to a single exposure to 600 cGy external abdominal irradiati...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y89-215
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Luminal nutrition is important for the maintenance of small intestinal structure and function. The equilibrium between crypt cell production and villous cell loss in the mucosal epithelium of the small intestine is altered under certain conditions such as after a small bowel resection. Immediately after resection, the...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/y90-095
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y86-019
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2014-0125
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Geniposide (GP) is one of main compounds in Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, with both medicinal and nutritional value. This study was designed to determine, for the first time, how GP from G. jasminoides protects against acute alcohol-induced liver injury, and the underlying mechanisms. Mice were orally administered alcoh...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2014-0536
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Double-barrelled ion-sensitive microelectrodes were used to measure changes in the intracellular activities of K+, Na+, and Cl- (aKi, aNai, aCli) in neurones of rat sympathetic ganglia and in glial cells of slices from guinea-pig olfactory cortex. In sympathetic neurones, carbachol and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) p...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y87-164
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-11-17 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y88-237
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y89-107
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to understand the mechanisms of exercise intolerance and muscle fatigue, which are commonly observed in congestive heart failure, we studied sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-transport in the hind-leg skeletal muscle of rats subjected to myocardial infarction (MI). Sham-operated animals were used for compari...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y04-051
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y2012-025
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y84-172
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytosolic Ca(2+) is a versatile secondary messenger that regulates a wide range of cellular activities. In the past decade, evidence has accumulated that free Ca(2+) within the nucleus also plays an important messenger function. Here we review the mechanisms and effects of Ca(2+) signals within the nucleus. In particu...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/y05-117
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tea is perceived as more relaxing than coffee, even though both contain caffeine. L-theanine in tea may account for the difference. Consumed together, caffeine and theanine exert similar cognitive effects to that of caffeine alone, but exert opposite effects on arousal, in that caffeine accentuates and theanine mitiga...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2016-0498
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infarct-like lesion induced by isoprenaline is a well-known model to study myocardial infarction (MI). Vitamin D has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Recent studies highlighted cross talk between vitamin D and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). The present study was...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2016-0150
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ontogenic study of the hepatic biotransformation enzymes revealed the early development of both oxidative and conjugative enzymes in male chickens ranging in age from 3 to 12 weeks. Although the rate of microsomal cytochrome P450 reactions progressively increased during the first 9 weeks, it decreased thereafter. ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of the lipolytic system of the obese hyperglycemic mouse was assessed after treatment with physiological doses of thyroxin (T4). The treatment significantly increased fatty acid mobilization in response to adrenaline over the levels observed in the control mice under all conditions studied. The activities...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y77-177
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00