Differential gene expression during thermal stress and bleaching in the Caribbean coral Montastraea faveolata.

Abstract:

:The declining health of coral reefs worldwide is likely to intensify in response to continued anthropogenic disturbance from coastal development, pollution, and climate change. In response to these stresses, reef-building corals may exhibit bleaching, which marks the breakdown in symbiosis between coral and zooxanthellae. Mass coral bleaching due to elevated water temperature can devastate coral reefs on a large geographical scale. In order to understand the molecular and cellular basis of bleaching in corals, we have measured gene expression changes associated with thermal stress and bleaching using a complementary DNA microarray containing 1310 genes of the Caribbean coral Montastraea faveolata. In a first experiment, we identified differentially expressed genes by comparing experimentally bleached M. faveolata fragments to control non-heat-stressed fragments. In a second experiment, we identified differentially expressed genes during a time course experiment with four time points across 9 days. Results suggest that thermal stress and bleaching in M. faveolata affect the following processes: oxidative stress, Ca(2+) homeostasis, cytoskeletal organization, cell death, calcification, metabolism, protein synthesis, heat shock protein activity, and transposon activity. These results represent the first medium-scale transcriptomic study focused on revealing the cellular foundation of thermal stress-induced coral bleaching. We postulate that oxidative stress in thermal-stressed corals causes a disruption of Ca(2+) homeostasis, which in turn leads to cytoskeletal and cell adhesion changes, decreased calcification, and the initiation of cell death via apoptosis and necrosis.

journal_name

Mol Ecol

journal_title

Molecular ecology

authors

DeSalvo MK,Voolstra CR,Sunagawa S,Schwarz JA,Stillman JH,Coffroth MA,Szmant AM,Medina M

doi

10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03879.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-09-01 00:00:00

pages

3952-71

issue

17

eissn

0962-1083

issn

1365-294X

pii

MEC3879

journal_volume

17

pub_type

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