Abstract:
:Computed tomography (CT; unenhanced, followed by contrast-enhanced examinations) is the cornerstone of imaging of adrenal tumours. Attenuation values of <10 Hounsfield units on an unenhanced CT are practically diagnostic for adenomas. When lesions cannot be characterised adequately with CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation (with T1- and T2-weighted sequences and chemical shift and fat-suppression refinements) is sought. Functional nuclear medicine imaging is useful for adrenal lesions that are not adequately characterised with CT and MRI. Scintigraphy with [(131)I]-6-iodomethyl norcholesterol (a labelled cholesterol analogue) can differentiate adrenal cortical adenomas from carcinomas. Phaeochromocytomas appear as areas of abnormal and/or increased uptake of [(123)I]- and [(131)I]-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (a labelled noradrenaline analogue). The specific and useful roles of adrenal imaging include the characterisation of tumours, assessment of true tumour size, differentiation of adenomas from carcinomas and metastases, and differentiation of hyperfunctioning from non-functioning lesions. Adrenal imaging complements and assists the clinical and hormonal evaluation of adrenal tumours.
journal_name
Endocr Relat Cancerjournal_title
Endocrine-related cancerauthors
Ilias I,Sahdev A,Reznek RH,Grossman AB,Pacak Kdoi
10.1677/ERC-07-0045subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-09-01 00:00:00pages
587-99issue
3eissn
1351-0088issn
1479-6821pii
14/3/587journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) predicts response to anti-HER2 therapy in breast cancer. We investigated whether hormone receptor (HR) status influences the treatment benefit of trastuzumab in patients with breast cancer. Data from 8338 patients with primary nonmetastatic breast cance...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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doi:10.1530/ERC-14-0032
更新日期:2014-05-06 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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doi:10.1677/erc.1.0978
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1677/erc.0.0100601
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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doi:10.1530/ERC-20-0074
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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abstract::Thyroid cancer is the most frequent endocrine tumor with a growing incidence worldwide. However, common diagnostic strategy for thyroid cancer classification is hardly to make a proper diagnosis in some cases. To assist classical approach, this study used metabolomics to screen and validate biomarkers from serum and u...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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doi:10.1530/ERC-19-0181
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1677/erc.1.01018
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-16-0103
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Approximately 80% of human ovarian and endometrial cancers and 50% of breast cancers express GnRH and its receptor as part of an autocrine regulatory system. After binding of its ligand the tumor GnRH receptor couples to G-protein alphai and activates a variety of intracellular signaling mechanisms. (1) Through activa...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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doi:10.1677/ERC-08-0017
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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doi:10.1530/ERC-19-0488
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1677/ERC-08-0266
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTC) arise from thyroid parafollicular, calcitonin-producing C-cells and can occur either as sporadic or as hereditary diseases in the context of familial syndromes, including multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A (MEN2A), multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B (MEN2B) and familial MTC (FMTC). In a la...
journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1530/ERC-17-0303
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
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更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-16-0512
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Endocrine-related cancer
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1530/ERC-20-0108
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00