Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Complex physiological mechanisms have evolved to control food intake in mammals, which in health ensure the relative stability of body weight in adults. Central brain centres, gut-derived peptides and adipose-derived signals result in an integrative response to defend against starvation. Enteroendocrine cells throughout the gut and pancreas secrete a number of peptides with activity on gut motility, gut secretions and appetite. Understanding the interactions between different gut peptides has produced a rewardingly active research field with many unanswered questions. RECENT FINDINGS:Many gut peptides are now in translational research programmes to investigate their potential in human physiology and disease. Ghrelin has been shown in short-term human studies to both increase appetite and body weight. Oxyntomodulin has been shown to reduce weight and food intake in a 4 week study in humans. Anorectic activity of peptide YY(3-36) has been confirmed in a number of animal models. Obestatin has been identified as a novel gut peptide. Increasing evidence points to the effect of gastric-bypass surgery on body weight, including alteration of gut peptide activity. SUMMARY:Gut peptides, or gut-peptide mimetics, show great promise for use as therapeutic agents for the treatment of obesity and cachexia.
journal_name
Curr Opin Gastroenteroljournal_title
Current opinion in gastroenterologyauthors
Baynes KC,Dhillo WS,Bloom SRdoi
10.1097/01.mog.0000245537.43142.63subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-11-01 00:00:00pages
626-31issue
6eissn
0267-1379issn
1531-7056pii
00001574-200611000-00008journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Intestinal iron absorption is an essential physiological process that is regulated by the liver-derived peptide hepcidin. This review will describe recent advances in hepcidin biology and enterocyte iron transport. RECENT FINDINGS:Hepcidin acts as a repressor of iron absorption and its expression in ...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32831ef1f7
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Nutrition in the critically ill patient remains a controversial topic. Most clinicians have viewed nutrition as part of patient care but not as a therapeutic intervention. Recent studies have looked at type and timing of nutrition to determine whether they affect important clinical outcomes. RECENT F...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000047
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Water-soluble vitamins are required as enzyme cofactors in a wide variety of metabolic reactions. Riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C are essential in redox reactions; thiamine and biotin are involved in macronutrient metabolism; and folate, vitamin B12, pyridoxine, and riboflavin play important roles in the regulation ...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200303000-00003
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) was introduced 13 years ago by Given Imaging (Yokneam, Israel). It has become one of the most important investigational tools of the small bowel. The capsule is swallowed with water after a 12 h fast, propelled via peristalsis through the gastrointestinal tract and...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32835bdc03
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colon carcinogenesis is a multistep process that involves deletions, mutations, and changes in expression of genes that regulate growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Hyperproliferation can initiate dysplastic growth, resulting in accumulation of genetic defects and progression of colon cancer. Although genetic inst...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200001000-00013
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this article is to review recently published studies presenting novel and relevant information on small intestinal motility. RECENT FINDINGS:The reviewed studies covered a variety of topics with several themes emerging. The presentation and causes of chronic intestinal dysmotility continue...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32801424f3
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:It is now over 8 years since small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) was first introduced to the gastrointestinal community. The original capsule (Given Imaging, YoKneam, Israel) - a disposable 26 x 11 mm video capsule containing its own optical dome, light source, batteries, transmitter and antenna - is...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e328334df17
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Barrett's esophagus is the premalignant condition for esophageal cancer and the diagnosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma on index endoscopy is increasing. Many advanced endoscopic techniques are available and aim to identify Barrett's esophagus-associated neoplasia earlier, thereby preventing progressio...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000557
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review focuses on recent advances and novel insights into the mechanistic events that may link commensal microbiota and host innate immunity in the pathophysiology of intestinal inflammation and neoplasia. Unanswered questions are discussed and future perspectives in the field are highlighted. R...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32835a670e
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Conflicting reports in the literature have been misinterpreted by clinicians, who conclude that nutritional therapy for the hospitalized patient is of marginal value. The true benefit of such therapy is derived from the provision of early enteral nutrition. This article describes the physiologic respo...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000618
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The introduction of novel molecular imaging modalities that can not only define disease states on the basis of structural changes and morphology, but also allow in-vivo visualization and characterization of molecular and biochemical alterations on a cellular level add a new dimension to our current di...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000120
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The goal is to review the most recent literature about biosimilars in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with emphasis on controversial regulatory issues. RECENT FINDINGS:Although biosimilars have been in use in Europe since 2005, the recent approval of CT-P13 (Remsima, Inflectra), a biosimilar of the...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000184
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The elucidation of metabolic pathways and the genetic basis for diseases of the liver continues to increase our understanding of disease pathogenesis and advance treatment options. This selective review covers a wide range of subjects, from the identification of novel proteins and the importance of specific transport ...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200205000-00003
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most common malignancy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. During the past two decades it has migrated toward the gastroesophageal junction. Gastroesophageal reflux and obesity may play a role. Recent research suggests that a number of biologic and molecular differences exist in patients...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200011000-00009
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review new advances in gastric interventional endoscopy. RECENT FINDINGS:Implementation of gastric endoscopy as a therapeutic option in obesity, gastric cancer, and gastroparesis. SUMMARY:Less invasive new gastric endoscopic procedures can potentially replace currently offered laparoscopic approa...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000397
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Most colorectal cancers (CRCs) have deletions, duplications, and rearrangements of their chromosomes that reflect a destabilizing process called chromosomal instability (CIN). The cause of CIN is controversial, but no intrinsic mutation in cancer cells has been reported that can reasonably account for...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Infection caused by ingestion of human-restricted Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi predominantly affects the most impoverished sections of society. In this review, we describe recent advances made in estimating the burden of illness and the important role improved diagnostic tests may ...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000021
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Research in celiac disease is unraveling new findings at a high rate, and major advances seem to occur in all areas such as genetics, environmental factor, pathophysiology, and even prospective therapeutic implications. RECENT FINDINGS:New insight is being gained into the interplay between genetic an...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32830f4527
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There has been significant interest in gluten over the last decade, with an increase in interest of gluten-related disorders outside coeliac disease. Particularly, there has been a focus on the role of gluten in noncoeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). There is signific...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000517
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review evidence relating to the strength of associations that have appeared in largely observational studies, between high-dose or long-term use of proton pump inhibitor drugs and certain possibly attributable side-effects, which emerge from studies confounded by other variables. In retrospective s...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32833ea9d9
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this brief review is to provide an up-to-date view of the role played by α-smooth muscle actin-positive cancer-associated fibroblastic cells in promoting intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression. RECENT FINDINGS:An increase in α-smooth muscle actin-positive cancer-associated fibroblasti...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32834405c3
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Virulence factors are related to the ability of a microbe to induce disease. True virulence factors must therefore have a disease association, an in-vivo correlate with disease such as increased mucosal inflammation, or both. RECENT FINDINGS:The cytotoxin-associated gene pathogenicity island; the out...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.mog.0000181711.04529.d5
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The gastroduodenum has multiple means by which it resists injury from intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including gastric acid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and Helicobacter pylori. We review recent insights into the mechanisms by which the gastroduodenum resists injury and discuss factors con...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e328330da7b
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Portal hypertension is the main complication of cirrhosis and is responsible for its most common complications: variceal hemorrhage, ascites, and portosystemic encephalopathy. Portal hypertension is the result of increased intrahepatic resistance and increased portal venous inflow, which in turn is the result of splan...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200105000-00012
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:One of the significant limitations to the investigation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans is the impossibility of studying this condition from the beginning of the disease process to understand the individual contribution of the various microbiological and immunological components to its p...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32832b36eb
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Endoscopic ampullectomy has proven its safety and efficacy in multiple studies, making it the favorable option for the management of endoscopic ampullectomy. In this review, we plan to review the basic steps every endoscopist should be familiar with before undertaking endoscopic ampullectomy. RECENT ...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000657
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Advances in our understanding of lymphoid tissue development has led to an appreciation of the variety of these structures in the intestinal mucosa. This knowledge has translated into more critical analysis of the function of mucosal lymphoid tissues and may lead to manipulation of development of thes...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3282f4906d
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The importance of accurate polyp detection and removal is paramount to preventing colon cancer. Resection of large polyps can be challenging to the endoscopist based on their size, shape, or location. Large polyps have the potential of harboring malignancy and a higher risk of complications with resec...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000228
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a rare autoimmune liver disease that increasingly is diagnosed at early stages of disease. Although survival has improved, a majority suffers from one or more symptom complexes associated with PBC. Much remains unknown about the mechanisms, significance, or effecti...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000254
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There have been considerable advances in our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and enterohemorrhagic E. coli infection. Given the difficulty of infecting laboratory mice with these diarrhea-causing pathogens, a growing number of studies have found the mur...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3282f2b0fb
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00