Abstract：
:Recent years have witnessed an increased interest from pediatric neurologists, neuropediatricians, epileptologists and general neurologists in the use of the ketogenic diet (KD) for the management of refractory epilepsies, particularly in children and adolescents. This article summarizes current knowledge on various issues related to its use, as discussed at a recent international workshop. Aspects discussed in some detail include (i) the putative mechanisms responsible for the diet's anticonvulsant effects,based on results of biochemical and neurophysiological studies in experimental models; (ii) consensus and controversies on the modalities of initiation of the diet, and different protocols of implementation; (iii) indications and contraindications; (iv) efficacy data, also in relation to seizure type, syndromic form and patients age; (v) adverse effects; (vi) methodological aspects related to assessment of the diet's clinical effects, and perspectives for future research. Overall, the data reviewed indicate that considerable advances have been made in understanding the modes of action of the diet, its efficacy and tolerability profiles and its potential role in different types of epilepsy. Although clinical studies performed to date have important methodological limitations, including suboptimally characterized patients' populations and an uncontrolled design, a number of innovative, prospective randomized study protocols have been recently proposed and are being implemented. The results of these will hopefully provide much needed high-quality information to better define the role of the diet in the treatment algorithms in different epilepsy syndromes.
journal_name
Epilepsy Resjournal_title
Epilepsy researchauthors
Freeman J,Veggiotti P,Lanzi G,Tagliabue A,Perucca E,Institute of Neurology IRCCS C. Mondino Foundation.doi
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2005.10.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-02-01 00:00:00pages
145-80issue
2eissn
0920-1211issn
1872-6844pii
S0920-1211(05)00237-8journal_volume
68pub_type
共识发展会议,杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the correlation between time of day and sleep-wake state prior to seizure onset for seizures recorded in an inpatient epilepsy monitoring unit. METHODS:We prospectively enrolled a consecutive series of patients undergoing inpatient epilepsy monitoring. For each epileptic seizure recorded, continuou...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106524
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a remarkable array of new chemical entities in the current antiepileptic drug (AED) development pipeline. In some cases, the compounds were synthesized in an attempt improve upon the activity of marketed AEDs. In other cases, the discovery of antiepileptic potential was largely serendipitous. Entry into the p...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2006.02.004
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Treatment of paediatric epilepsy has advanced with the development of new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). There are few data for Germany to which extent new AEDs are used in the treatment of childhood epilepsy. AIMS:To characterise utilisation of antiepileptics in children and adolescents with a specific emphas...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.06.008
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epilepsy is a common neurological disease and encompasses a variety of disorders with paroxysms. Although there is a genetic component in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, the molecular mechanisms of this syndrome remains poorly understood. Linkage analysis and positional cloning have not been sufficient tools for determi...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(00)00141-8
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Gabapentin (GBP) is a non-metabolized antiepileptic drug that is eliminated by renal excretion and displays saturable, dose dependent absorption. The recommended dosing schedule for GBP is t.i.d. At large daily doses, oral bioavailability (F) may be improved by giving the daily dose more frequently. OBJECTI...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(98)00020-5
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Ictal magenetoencephalographic (MEG) discharges convey significant information about ictal onset and propagation, but there is no established method for analyzing ictal MEG. This study sought to clarify the usefulness of time-frequency analyses using short-time Fourier transform (STFT) for ictal onset and propa...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2010.05.001
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To identify consistent results of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies in unilateral refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). METHODS:Whole-brain VBM studies comparing refractory TLE patients with healthy controls (HC) were systematically searched in PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Embase, and Medline databases f...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.10.002
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the relationship between seizure frequency, seizure type and scores obtained from quality of life (QOL) measures is important if the incorporation of QOL measures into epilepsy clinical trials is to become standard practice. There is also a need to consider cross-cultural differences obtained from QOL me...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(98)00010-2
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：SUMMARY:Stereotactic radiofrequency amygdalohippocampectomy (AHE) has been reintroduced as an alternative treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. The aim of this study was to describe MRI changes after stereotactic AHE and to correlate the hippocampal and amygdalar volumes reduction with the clinical seizure outcom...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2008.11.013
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical resection of the seizure onset zone (SOZ) requires that this region of the cortex is accurately localized. The onset of a seizure may be marked by transient discharges, but it also may be accompanied by oscillatory, sinusoidal electrographic activity, such as the EEG theta rhythm. However, because of the supe...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.07.006
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ketogenic diet has been used to treat intractable epilepsy for many years, yet the mechanism(s) underlying its effectiveness have not been completely elucidated. However, emerging evidence indicates that the ketogenic diet may correct or otherwise alter a 'dystopic' gut microbiota that exhibits altered fecal micro...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106409
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children with refractory epilepsy who are co-treated with the ketogenic diet (KD) and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CA-I) anti-epileptic medications including topiramate (TPM) and zonisamide (ZNS) are at risk for urolithiasis. Retrospective chart review of all children treated with ketogenic therapy at our institution...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2010.04.005
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma total homocysteine (p-tHcy), serum folate (s-F), serum vitamin B-12 (s-B12) and plasma pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (p-PLP) were measured in epileptic children before and after a 20-week period of sodium valproate (group A, n=32) and carbamazepine (group B, n=20) monotherapy. P-tHcy significantly increased in both gr...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2006.06.015
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate whether there may be a correlation between the anatomical variants of Circle of Willis (CoW) and presence/laterality of mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). METHODS:We retrospectively identified the CoW variants on Wada angiograms in 71 patients with pathologically proven...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.02.017
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the influence of seizures and carbamazepine (CBZ) on spiking rates in kindled cats. In the first experiment, spiking rates were measured before and after seizures, with and without CBZ. CBZ was administered immediately after seizures in order not to affect them. Spiking rates were measured over 9 h during ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0920-1211(91)90065-n
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efforts of the International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) to devise classifications of the epilepsies has greatly improved communication among epileptologists and influenced both basic and clinical research. Several classifications have been proposed since 1970; the most recent classification of epilepsy syndrom...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2005.11.014
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is able to generate an intrinsic pathological EEG activity characterized by a continuous or near-continuous spiking. Different patterns of discharge were described. We examined quantitatively the distribution of the intracerebral FCD patterns in relation to sleep in order to inv...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.03.014
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aim to investigate structural brain abnormalities in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) patients with photosensitivity (PS). Sixty JME patients, 19 (32%) of whom were photosensitive, were submitted to 1.5T magnetic resonance voxel-based morphometry (VBM). The control group (CTL) consisted of 30 sex-matched healthy v...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.05.016
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:This cross-sectional study examined whether growth parameters were associated with epilepsy in children living in a rural community in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). MATERIALS AND METHODS:A cross-sectional study was performed in the Hai District Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS), Tanzania in which 6-14 year old chil...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.06.014
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the relative bioavailability and tolerability of a topiramate (TPM) suspension after rectal administration. DESIGN/METHOD:Seven healthy men and five healthy non-pregnant women were enrolled. A 100 or 200 mg tablet of TPM was given orally and a 200 mg dose was given rectally in a randomized, open...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(03)00083-4
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To further elucidate the inheritance pattern and range of phenotypic manifestations of benign familial temporal lobe epilepsy (FTLE), we report a large family recently identified in southern Italy. There were 8 patients (4 men), ranging in age from 31 to 68 years in three generations. One affected patient was deceased...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(99)00080-7
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the immature brain the neurotransmitter γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) mediates a membrane depolarization and can contribute to both, inhibition and excitation. Therefore the consequences of a positive modulation of GABA(A) receptors by neurosteroids on epileptiform activity are hard to predict. In order to analyze wh...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.106196
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Recent ILAE classification defined focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) patients with accompanying epileptic lesions as a separate group. We investigated data of patients with sole FCD lesions regarding long-term seizure outcome and different characteristics of FCD type 1 and type 2 patients. METHODS:Eighty chi...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.08.008
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Triheptanoin, the triglyceride of heptanoate, is used to treat certain hereditary metabolic diseases in USA because of its anaplerotic potential. In two chronic mouse seizure models this clear tasteless oil was found to be reproducibly anticonvulsant. Here we investigated the effects of triheptanoin feeding in C3H and...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.12.013
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studying infantile spasms is challenging because there are so many aspects of variation that introduce potential bias. These might relate to the many underlying etiologies, and variations in clinical semiology and electroencephalographic features that relate more to age or timing of investigation than to the underlyin...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2006.01.017
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the minimum enrollment duration for identifying incident cases of epilepsy in administrative data. METHODS:We performed a retrospective dynamic cohort study using Ohio Medicaid data from 1992 to 2006 to identify a total of 5037 incident epilepsy cases who had at least 1 year of follow-up prior to ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.05.005
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) has been recognized as one of the most frequent causes of drug resistant epilepsy, especially in children. In infancy, onset of FCD-related epilepsy is substantially characterized by epileptic spasms (ES) or focal seizures. Which elements pertaining to the FCD are responsible for ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.11.006
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Using the gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) model of absence seizures in Long-Evans rats, this study investigated if 2.5-6 Hz paroxysmal discharges (PDs) induced by GBL were synchronized among the thalamocortical system and the hippocampus, and whether inactivation of the hippocampus affected PDs. METHODS:Local fiel...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.12.007
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To try to prove in patients with refractory symptomatic epilepsy due to early brain injury involving thalamus and complicated by CSWS the effects of the isolation of the injured hemisphere, performed with functional hemisperectomy, on epilepsy, namely on CSWS. METHODS:Full clinical follow-up before and after s...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.09.014
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of the associative connections in the propagation of epileptiform discharges originating from an acute, localized epileptic focus in the anterior piriform cortex has been characterized recently in the in vitro isolated guinea-pig brain preparation. The present study demonstrates that the dorsal propagation of...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0920-1211(96)00014-9
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
