当前位置： SCI文献检索 > MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM期刊下所有文献 > A new diagnostic assay for glycogen storage disease type II in mixed leukocytes.

A new diagnostic assay for glycogen storage disease type II in mixed leukocytes.

Abstract：

:We have established a new method for the enzymatic diagnosis of glycogen storage disease type II (Pompe disease or acid maltase deficiency) using mixed leukocytes. The method employs glycogen and 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (4MU-alphaGlc) as substrates for measuring the lysosomal acid alpha-glucosidase (acid alphaGlu) activity, and incorporates acarbose to eliminate the interference of unrelated alpha-glucosidases (predominantly maltase-glucoamylase). It is shown that 3.0 micromol/L acarbose completely inhibits the maltase-glucoamylase activity at pH 4.0, but the lysosomal acid alphaGlu activity by less than 5%. With this method, we determined the acid alphaGlu activity in mixed leukocytes from 25 patients with glycogen storage disease type II (2 infantile and 23 late-onset cases), one GAA2/GAA2 homozygote and 30 healthy subjects. In the assay with glycogen as substrate, the addition of acarbose created a clear separation between the patient and the control ranges. In the assay with 4MU-alphaGlc as substrate, the two ranges were fully separated but remained very close despite the use of acarbose. The separation of the patient and normal ranges was improved considerably by taking the ratio of acarbose-inhibited over uninhibited activity. A GAA2/GAA2 homozygote was correctly diagnosed with 4MU-alphaGlc but misdiagnosed as patient when glycogen was used as substrate. We conclude that the inclusion of 3.0 micromol/L acarbose in the assays with glycogen and 4MU-alphaGlc substrates at pH 4.0 allows for the specific measurement of lysosomal acid alphaGlu activity in mixed leukocytes, thus enabling a reliable diagnosis of glycogen storage disease type II in this specimen.

journal_name

Mol Genet Metab

journal_title

Molecular genetics and metabolism

authors

Okumiya T,Keulemans JL,Kroos MA,Van der Beek NM,Boer MA,Takeuchi H,Van Diggelen OP,Reuser AJ

doi

10.1016/j.ymgme.2005.10.016

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-05-01 00:00:00

pages

22-8

issue

1

eissn

1096-7192

issn

1096-7206

pii

S1096-7192(05)00378-1

journal_volume

88

pub_type

杂志文章

相关文献

MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM文献大全
  • ELMO1 variants and susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in American Indians.

    abstract：:Variants in the engulfment and cell motility 1 gene, ELMO1, have previously been associated with kidney disease attributed to type 2 diabetes. The Pima Indians of Arizona have high rates of diabetic nephropathy, which is strongly dependent on genetic determinants; thus, we sought to investigate the role of ELMO1 polym...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.08.014

    authors： Hanson RL,Millis MP,Young NJ,Kobes S,Nelson RG,Knowler WC,DiStefano JK

    更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

  • Phenotype of non-syndromic deafness associated with the mitochondrial A1555G mutation is modulated by mitochondrial RNA modifying enzymes MTO1 and GTPBP3.

    abstract：:Phenotypic expression of the deafness-associated mitochondrial A1555G mutation in the 12S rRNA gene is influenced by aminoglycosides and complex inheritance of nuclear-encoded modifier genes. The position of a major nuclear modifier gene has been localized to chromosome 8p23.1, but the identification of this gene has ...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2004.07.009

    authors： Bykhovskaya Y,Mengesha E,Wang D,Yang H,Estivill X,Shohat M,Fischel-Ghodsian N

    更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

  • X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: very long-chain fatty acid metabolism, ABC half-transporters and the complicated route to treatment.

    abstract：:X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is caused by mutations in the ABCD1 gene that encodes a peroxisomal membrane located ABC half-transporter named ALDP. Mutations in ALDP result in elevated levels of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) and reduced VLCFA beta-oxidation in peroxisomes. The peroxisomal membrane harbor...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章,评审

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.10.001

    authors： Kemp S,Wanders RJ

    更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

  • Nonexpressing homozygotes for C282Y hemochromatosis: minority or majority of cases?

    abstract：:Genetic testing for the C282Y mutation of the HFE gene has been a major advance in the diagnosis of hereditary hemochromatosis. In most studies, more than 90% of typical hemochromatosis patients are homozygous for the C282Y mutation. Large-scale population screening studies in predominantly Caucasian populations have ...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章,评审

    doi：10.1006/mgme.2000.3037

    authors： Adams PC

    更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic variation of the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 and susceptibility to coronary heart disease.

    abstract：:ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is a member of a superfamily of membrane proteins that has attracted considerable attention as a candidate gene for coronary heart disease (CHD) based on its enzyme function as a key factor in regulating plasma HDL-C and apo A-I metabolism. It has been suggested that polymor...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.01.005

    authors： Jiang Z,Zhou R,Xu C,Feng G,Zhou Y

    更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • Partial response to biotin therapy in a patient with holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency: clinical, biochemical, and molecular genetic aspects.

    abstract：:We report the clinical course and biochemical findings of a 10-year-old, mentally retarded girl with late-onset holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS, gene symbol HLCS) deficiency and only partial response to biotin. On treatment, even with an unusually high dose of 200mg/day, activities of the biotin-dependent mitochondria...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s1096-7192(03)00091-x

    authors： Santer R,Muhle H,Suormala T,Baumgartner ER,Duran M,Yang X,Aoki Y,Suzuki Y,Stephani U

    更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

  • Tetrahydrobiopterin-responsive phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency, state of the art.

    abstract：:Since 1999 an increasing number of patients with phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) deficiency are reported to be able to decrease their plasma phenylalanine (Phe) concentrations after a 6R-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) challenge. The majority of these patients have mild PKU or MHP (mild hyperphenylalaninemia) and harbour ...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章,评审

    doi：10.1016/s1096-7192(02)00229-9

    authors： Spaapen LJ,Rubio-Gozalbo ME

    更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

  • Tetrahydrobiopterin responsiveness: results of the BH4 loading test in 31 Spanish PKU patients and correlation with their genotype.

    abstract：:Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) responsiveness in patients with mutations in the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene is a recently recognized subtype of hyperphenylalaninemia characterized by a positive BH4 loading test. According to recent estimates, this phenotype may be quite common, suggesting that a large group of ind...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2004.06.007

    authors： Desviat LR,Pérez B,Bèlanger-Quintana A,Castro M,Aguado C,Sánchez A,García MJ,Martínez-Pardo M,Ugarte M

    更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

  • TRMU deficiency: A broad clinical spectrum responsive to cysteine supplementation.

    abstract：:TRMU is a nuclear gene crucial for mitochondrial DNA translation by encoding tRNA 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridylate methyltransferase, which thiolates mitochondrial tRNA. Biallelic pathogenic variants in TRMU are associated with transient infantile liver failure. Other less common presentations such as Leigh syndrom...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.01.005

    authors： Murali CN,Soler-Alfonso C,Loomes KM,Shah AA,Monteil D,Padilla CD,Scaglia F,Ganetzky R

    更新日期：2021-01-14 00:00:00

  • Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency: a still overlooked cause of recurrent acute liver failure and Reye-like syndrome.

    abstract：:The causes of Reye-like syndrome are not completely understood. Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD or E3) deficiency is a rare metabolic disorder causing neurological or liver impairment. Specific changes in the levels of urinary and plasma metabolites are the hallmark of the classical form of the disease. Here, we r...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.01.017

    authors： Brassier A,Ottolenghi C,Boutron A,Bertrand AM,Valmary-Degano S,Cervoni JP,Chrétien D,Arnoux JB,Hubert L,Rabier D,Lacaille F,de Keyzer Y,Di Martino V,de Lonlay P

    更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

  • Improved amino acid, bioenergetic metabolite and neurotransmitter profiles following human amnion epithelial cell transplant in intermediate maple syrup urine disease mice.

    abstract：:Orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) significantly improves patient outcomes in maple syrup urine disease (MSUD; OMIM: 248600), yet organ shortages point to the need for alternative therapies. Hepatocyte transplantation has shown both clinical and preclinical efficacy as an intervention for metabolic liver diseases, yet ...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.02.011

    authors： Skvorak KJ,Dorko K,Marongiu F,Tahan V,Hansel MC,Gramignoli R,Arning E,Bottiglieri T,Gibson KM,Strom SC

    更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

  • Newborn screening and diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidoses.

    abstract：:Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are caused by deficiency of lysosomal enzyme activities needed to degrade glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), which are long unbranched polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharides. GAGs include: chondroitin sulfate (CS), dermatan sulfate (DS), heparan sulfate (HS), keratan sulfate (KS), an...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章,评审

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.06.007

    authors： Tomatsu S,Fujii T,Fukushi M,Oguma T,Shimada T,Maeda M,Kida K,Shibata Y,Futatsumori H,Montaño AM,Mason RW,Yamaguchi S,Suzuki Y,Orii T

    更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • SERCA1 protein expression in muscle of patients with Brody disease and Brody syndrome and in cultured human muscle fibers.

    abstract：:Brody disease is an inherited myopathy associated with a defective function of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase 1 (SERCA1) protein. Mutations in the ATP2A1 gene have been reported only in some patients. Therefore it has been proposed to distinguish patients with ATP2A1 mutations, Brody disease (BD), fr...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.07.015

    authors： Guglielmi V,Vattemi G,Gualandi F,Voermans NC,Marini M,Scotton C,Pegoraro E,Oosterhof A,Kósa M,Zádor E,Valente EM,De Grandis D,Neri M,Codemo V,Novelli A,van Kuppevelt TH,Dallapiccola B,van Engelen BG,Ferlini A,Tomell

    更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • Pyrimethamine increases β-hexosaminidase A activity in patients with Late Onset Tay Sachs.

    abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether or not pyrimethamine (PMT) can be used to enhance β-hexosaminidase A activity (HexA) in subjects with Late Onset Tay Sachs (LOTS), we studied the effect of incremental doses of PMT in vivo in 9 LOTS patients carrying the αG269S/c.1278insTACT mutations. METHODS:PMT treatment was initiated at...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.11.163

    authors： Osher E,Fattal-Valevski A,Sagie L,Urshanski N,Amir-Levi Y,Katzburg S,Peleg L,Lerman-Sagie T,Zimran A,Elstein D,Navon R,Stern N,Valevski A

    更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • Successful liver transplantation in mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE).

    abstract：:Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) is a fatal disorder characterized by progressive gastrointestinal dysmotility, peripheral neuropathy, leukoencephalopathy, skeletal myopathy, ophthalmoparesis, and ptosis. MNGIE stems from deficient thymidine phosphorylase activity (TP) leading to toxic ele...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.03.001

    authors： Kripps K,Nakayuenyongsuk W,Shayota BJ,Berquist W,Gomez-Ospina N,Esquivel CO,Concepcion W,Sampson JB,Cristin DJ,Jackson WE,Gilliland S,Pomfret EA,Kueht ML,Pettit RW,Sherif YA,Emrick LT,Elsea SH,Himes R,Hirano M,Van H

    更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

  • Rare Saposin A deficiency: Novel variant and psychosine analysis.

    abstract：:Saposin A is a post-translation product of the prosaposin (PSAP) gene that serves as an activator protein of the galactocerebrosidase (GALC) enzyme, and is necessary for the degradation of certain glycosphingolipids. Deficiency of saposin A leads to a clinical picture identical to that of early-infantile Krabbe diseas...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.08.001

    authors： Calderwood L,Wenger DA,Matern D,Dahmoush H,Watiker V,Lee C

    更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

  • Deoxyguanosine kinase deficiency presenting as neonatal hemochromatosis.

    abstract：:Mutations in DGUOK result in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion and may present as neonatal liver failure. Neonatal hemochromatosis (NH(1)) is a liver disorder of uncertain and varied etiology characterized by hepatic and non-reticuloendothelial siderosis. To date, deoxyguanosine kinase (dGK(2)) deficiency has not be...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.03.006

    authors： Hanchard NA,Shchelochkov OA,Roy A,Wiszniewska J,Wang J,Popek EJ,Karpen S,Wong LJ,Scaglia F

    更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

  • Promoter mutation is a common variant in GJC2-associated Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease.

    abstract：:Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like disease (PMLD) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurological disorder of cerebral hypomyelination. It is clinically characterised by early onset (usually infantile) nystagmus, impaired motor development, ataxia, choreoathetoid movements, dysarthria and progressive limb spasticity...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.08.032

    authors： Meyer E,Kurian MA,Morgan NV,McNeill A,Pasha S,Tee L,Younis R,Norman A,van der Knaap MS,Wassmer E,Trembath RC,Brueton L,Maher ER

    更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

  • Mutated ND2 impairs mitochondrial complex I assembly and leads to Leigh syndrome.

    abstract：:We describe a novel mitochondrial ND2 mutation (T4681C) in a patient presenting with Leigh Syndrome. Biochemical analyses revealed a low isolated complex I activity in patient's fibroblasts, blood and skeletal muscle. Mutant transmitochondrial cybrid clones retained the specific complex I defect, demonstrating the mit...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.08.003

    authors： Ugalde C,Hinttala R,Timal S,Smeets R,Rodenburg RJ,Uusimaa J,van Heuvel LP,Nijtmans LG,Majamaa K,Smeitink JA

    更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Genetic association between WNT10B polymorphisms and obesity in a Belgian case-control population is restricted to males.

    abstract：:The Wnt pathway has been shown to play an important role in maintenance of stem cells and cell fate decisions in embryonic and adult stem cell populations. Activation of the Wnt pathway in mesenchymal stem cells and 3 T3-L1 cells inhibits adipogenesis and can lead to osteoblastogenesis. To evaluate the role of the Wnt...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.11.197

    authors： Van Camp JK,Beckers S,Zegers D,Verrijken A,Van Gaal LF,Van Hul W

    更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

  • Novel missense mutations in PNPLA2 causing late onset and clinical heterogeneity of neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy in three siblings.

    abstract：:Neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy (NLSD-M) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by an abnormal accumulation of triacylglycerol into cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs). NLSD-M patients are mainly affected by progressive myopathy, cardiomyopathy and hepatomegaly. Mutations in the PNPLA2 gene caus...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.05.001

    authors： Missaglia S,Tasca E,Angelini C,Moro L,Tavian D

    更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

  • Evolutionary divergence of thyrotropin receptor structure.

    abstract：:The availability of 18 thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) sequences, including two recent entries for primates and seven from fish, have allowed us to investigate diversification of residues or domains during evolution. We used a likelihood ratio test for evolutionary rate shifts [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 98 (2001) 14512] usin...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2004.01.010

    authors： Knudsen B,Farid NR

    更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

  • Long circulating enzyme replacement therapy rescues bone pathology in mucopolysaccharidosis VII murine model.

    abstract：:Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type VII is a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme β-glucuronidase (GUS), leading to accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) effectively clears GAG storage in the viscera. Recent studies showed that a chemically modified ...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.07.002

    authors： Rowan DJ,Tomatsu S,Grubb JH,Haupt B,Montaño AM,Oikawa H,Sosa AC,Chen A,Sly WS

    更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

  • Two novel deletions in hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome.

    abstract：:Hypotonia-cystinuria syndrome (HCS) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by combined deletions of SLC3A1 and PREPL. Clinical features include cystinuria, neonatal hypotonia with spontaneous improvement, poor feeding in neonates, hyperphagia in childhood, growth hormone deficiency, and variable cognitive problems....

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.06.011

    authors： Régal L,Aydin HI,Dieltjens AM,Van Esch H,Francois I,Okur I,Zeybek C,Meulemans S,Van Mol C,Van Bruwaene L,Then SH,Jaeken J,Creemers J

    更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

  • The functions of RPS19 and their relationship to Diamond-Blackfan anemia: a review.

    abstract：:The relatively new study of ribosomal proteins has allowed for greater understanding of protein synthesis; however the connection between ribosomal proteins' roles and that of disease pathophysiology has not yet been established. RPS19 is a ribosomal protein linked to Diamond-Blackfan anemia whose functions have begun...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章,评审

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.11.004

    authors： Morimoto K,Lin S,Sakamoto K

    更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

  • Mutations in the muscle LIM protein and alpha-actinin-2 genes in dilated cardiomyopathy and endocardial fibroelastosis.

    abstract：:Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Two genes have been identified for the X-linked forms (dystrophin and tafazzin), while mutations in multiple genes cause autosomal dominant DCM. Muscle LIM protein (MLP) is a member of the cysteine-rich protein (CRP) family and has been implicat...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/s1096-7192(03)00142-2

    authors： Mohapatra B,Jimenez S,Lin JH,Bowles KR,Coveler KJ,Marx JG,Chrisco MA,Murphy RT,Lurie PR,Schwartz RJ,Elliott PM,Vatta M,McKenna W,Towbin JA,Bowles NE

    更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

  • C-fos mediates cocaine inhibition of NGF-induced PC12 cell differentiation.

    abstract：:In utero cocaine exposure can affect CNS development. Previous studies showed that cocaine inhibits neuronal differentiation in a dose-dependent fashion, in nerve growth factor (NGF)-stimulated PC12 cells, without affecting cell viability. NGF activates intracellular signaling proteins, specific immediate-early genes ...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1006/mgme.1998.2699

    authors： Zachor DA,Moore JF,Jin J,Theibert AB,Percy AK

    更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

  • Combined Hurler and Sanfilippo syndrome in a sibling pair.

    abstract：:The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are lysosomal storage disorders caused by defects in the enzymes involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans. Hurler syndrome (MPS I) and Sanfilippo syndrome (MPS III) are among the more common diseases in the group, each occurring with an incidence of approximately 1 in 100,000. ...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1016/j.ymgme.2011.02.011

    authors： Sun A,Hopwood JJ,Thompson J,Cederbaum SD

    更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

  • Investigation of Batten disease with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

    abstract：:The CLN3 gene, which encodes the protein whose absence is responsible for Batten disease, the most common inherited neurovisceral storage disease of childhood, was identified in 1995. The function of the protein, Cln3p, still remains elusive. We previously cloned the Saccharomyces cerevisiae homolog to the human CLN3 ...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1006/mgme.1999.2820

    authors： Pearce DA,Sherman F

    更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

  • Characterization of urinary sulfatides in metachromatic leukodystrophy using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry.

    abstract：:Metachromatic leukodystrophy is an inherited disorder characterized by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase A and the subsequent accumulation of sulfatide in neural and visceral tissues. Clinical diagnosis is usually confirmed by in vitro analysis of arylsulfatase A activity, but may be complicated in ca...

    journal_title：Molecular genetics and metabolism

    pub_type： 杂志文章

    doi：10.1006/mgme.2001.3165

    authors： Whitfield PD,Sharp PC,Johnson DW,Nelson P,Meikle PJ

    更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00