Abstract:
:This study examined the prevalence and predictors of smoking by pregnant women attending a public antenatal clinic. The prevalence of smoking in this population (n = 2577) was found to be 38.0% (95% CI 36.1-39.9%). A review of previous research investigating variables associated with smoking in pregnancy indicated that only three of 42 studies had used multivariate analysis. Using step-wise logistic regression analysis, five variables were found to be independent predictors of smoking in pregnancy: education (having 4 years or less high school), marital status (being unmarried), gravidity (being multigravida), age (being under 25 years) and language spoken at home (speaking English). The model correctly predicted 63.7% of cases. The knowledge and attitudes of pregnant smokers were also investigated using data from a sub-sample of consenting subjects. Three-quarters of the women claimed that they had reduced their smoking since discovering they were pregnant. However, their mean intake of 13.7 cigarettes daily remained at a hazardous level. Approximately half (51%) these smokers claimed to have tried to quit smoking in the current pregnancy. Most (61%) women said they believed smoking was definitely harmful to the unborn child. However, awareness and acceptance of specific risks were inadequate. Of the women in a current relationship, 72% said their partner was a regular smoker. Less than half (45%) the continuing smokers who had seen a doctor about their current pregnancy could recall being advised to stop smoking. There is a need for health care providers to adopt a more systematic and tailored approach to smoking cessation counselling. Efforts to convert quit attempts in pregnancy into sustained cessation represent a priority area of programme development and evaluation.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Revjournal_title
Drug and alcohol reviewauthors
Walsh RA,Redman S,Brinsmead MW,Fryer JLdoi
10.1080/09595239700186321subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-03-01 00:00:00pages
41-67issue
1eissn
0959-5236issn
1465-3362pii
R34Q028276118L62journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:Few epidemiological studies have examined the behaviours and experiences of young adults during discrete drug-use events. This study was designed to capture a rich, detailed description of discrete occasions or 'sessions' of psychostimulant use. DESIGN AND METHODS:Participants were 220 young psyc...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.12168
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:Cognitive impairment is a common feature of individuals with substance-use disorders. However, research tends to exclude highly complex clinical cases, limiting the generalisability of findings for 'real-world' populations. The objective of this study was to examine the complexities associated wit...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.13135
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A minority of injecting drug users engage in high risk injecting behaviours when in prison. In the United Kingdom between a quarter and a third of injectors who enter prison inject when in prison, and of these about three-quarters share needles and syringes. In the present study, 44 drug injectors who had been release...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09595239600185991
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:Despite increasing HIV prevalence in cities along the Mexico--US border, HIV testing among high-risk populations remains low. We sought to identify barriers associated with HIV testing among injection drug users (IDUs) in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, the two largest Mexican border cities located acr...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09595230701710845
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:We investigate the relationship between outlet density (of different types) and violence (as measured by police activity) across the North Island of New Zealand, specifically looking at whether the relationships vary spatially. DESIGN AND METHODS:We use New Zealand data at the census area unit (a...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.12295
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Older adolescence represents a critical period of brain development whereby the prefrontal cortex, responsible for higher level thinking and emotional regulation, is under construction. During this period, the brain is wired to underestimate risk and overestimate pleasure, which primes young people towards risky, plea...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1111/dar.12914
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:Following the introduction of smoke-free policies in prisons in several countries, there have been anecdotal reports of prisoners creating cigarettes by mixing nicotine patches or lozenges with tea leaves ('teabacco'). Among a sample of people recently released from smoke-free prisons in Queenslan...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.12848
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:The opioid-related behaviours in treatment (ORBIT) scale are a measure of recent indicators of potential extra-medical opioid use. Indicators of potential extra-medical opioid use are divergent practices among people prescribed opioids that may place them at risk of harm. This study aimed to exami...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.13021
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:To investigate the association between smokeless tobacco consumption (STC) during pregnancy and risk of stillbirth. DESIGN AND METHODS:We conducted a population-based case-control study of 253 cases and 759 randomly selected control women in Madaripur, Bangladesh. We conducted a survey of two rur...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.12566
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the centrality of drug treatment to the drug court framework, the proliferation of drug courts in the United States, and their emergence more recently in Australia, it is surprising that such little attention has been given to assessing their therapeutic effect. This evaluation aimed to assess the health and wel...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09595230310001613921
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The range of tobacco control activities should be viewed as essential parts of a complex multi-component puzzle. Intervention strategies designed to address tobacco control should be comprehensive and include both primary and secondary prevention activities and be multi-faceted and capable of bringing about change at ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09595239300185641
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic alcoholism results in thiamine deficiency as a result of poor nutrition and impaired gastrointestinal absorption of the vitamin. Pyrithiamine-induced thiamine deficiency in the rat reproduces a neurological syndrome and ultimately neuropathological damage of a nature and distribution that is similar to that en...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09595239300185371
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Local and regional policymakers, care providers and prevention workers involved in addiction and addiction care need timely and reliable information. As few data on substance use are available at a local or regional level, an integrated local or regional monitoring system for alcohol and drugs (MAD) was developed. The...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/09595230600657774
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:Non-prescribed use of pharmaceutical opioid analgesics (POA) has been escalating internationally. In Australia, few studies have examined if POA users have similar characteristics and treatment needs to heroin users. The aim of this study was to compare those presenting for treatment where heroin ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1465-3362.2011.00302.x
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report here on illicit drug production, trafficking and transit routes found in the Asia Pacific region. The report is based on the 'Situational analysis of illicit drug issues and responses in Asia and the Pacific', commissioned by the Australian National Council on Drugs Asia Pacific Drug Issues Committee. The si...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09595230600972850
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite evidence for their effectiveness, harm reduction services such as needle and syringe programmes (NSPs) are highly vulnerable to perceptions of community disapproval. This paper reviews Australian research on community attitudes to harm reduction services and its impact on research, policy and practice. The lit...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09595230701373867
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::As with other addictions, human alcoholism is characterised as a chronically relapsing condition. Consequently, the therapeutic goal is the development of clinically effective, safe drugs that promote high adherence rates and prevent relapse. These products can then be used in conjunction with psychosocial approaches....
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09595230601036937
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:ISSUE:The prevalence of smoking among prisoners is exceptionally high and is often comorbid with alcohol and drug problems, mental illness and other health problems. This review paper summarises the literature and available research related to smoking prevalence and smoking cessation initiatives among prisoners and ide...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1465-3362.2012.00435.x
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It appears that the literature on agonist maintenance therapies for opioid dependence pays more attention to outcomes during, rather than after, treatment. This review aims to (a) estimate to what extent opioid abstinence can be expected from former maintenance patients, (b) examine possible relationships between pati...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09595230500170241
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:ISSUES:Serious educational games (SEG) have been shown to be effective in educating young people about a range of topics, including languages and maths. This paper identifies the use of computerised SEGs in education about alcohol and other drugs and reviews their impact on the prevention of alcohol and drug use. APPR...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/dar.12102
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs entails considerable burden of disease: in 2000, about 4% of the global burden as measured in disability adjusted life years was attributable to each alcohol and tobacco, and 0.8% to illicit drugs. The burden of alcohol in the above statistic was calculated as net burden, ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/09595230600944453
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:Tobacco smoking prevalence in opioid addiction patients is approximately six times that of the general population, highlighting the need for novel interventions. A pilot/feasibility study was conducted to investigate whether a contingency management (CM) intervention could be added to UK standard ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.13216
更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:The harm from alcohol and tobacco use in low- and middle-income countries includes substantial economic cost to the individual. Our aim was to describe the expenditure on concurrent alcohol and tobacco use in relation to family income in two districts in Sri Lanka. DESIGN AND METHODS:A community-...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1465-3362.2010.00202.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:The aims of this study were to examine the roles of parental permissiveness toward alcohol use and affiliation with alcohol-using peers in alcohol use in youths from various ethnic backgrounds, and whether the role of peers was moderated by parental permissiveness. In addition, differences in thes...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.12555
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::New amendments to child welfare policy in New South Wales turn a spotlight on parents who use drugs and raise concerns about adequate provision of services for families facing issues with alcohol and other drug use. Sections of the new legislation are explicitly focused on parents who use illicit drugs, expanding the ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.12219
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:At present there is little research into the use of drug detection dogs. The present study sought to explore the use of detection dogs in Sydney, Australia, utilising multiple data sources. DESIGN AND METHODS; Data were taken from interviews with 100 regular ecstasy users and 20 key experts as par...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1465-3362.2009.00065.x
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:Problematic drinking and executive functioning deficits are two known risk factors for intimate partner aggression (IPA). However, executive functioning is a multifaceted construct, and it is not clear whether deficits in specific components of executive functioning are differentially associated w...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.12454
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:The aim of this study was to explore beliefs about tobacco dependence treatment from the perspective of staff and clients in addiction treatment settings. DESIGN AND METHODS:A qualitative study was conducted between August and November 2013 using grounded theory methodology. Participants were rec...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.12322
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:Although alcohol is often used in an attempt to alleviate negative affect, alcohol oftentimes exacerbates depressive symptoms. Therefore the relationship between alcohol and affect, and the role of motives for drinking remain unclear. The present study hypothesised that placebo alcohol would blunt...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1465-3362.2012.00500.x
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND AIMS:Alcohol consumption increases the risk of several types of cancer, including several common cancers. As part of their corporate social responsibility activities, the alcohol industry (AI) disseminates information about alcohol and cancer. We examined the information on this which the AI disseminat...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol review
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/dar.12596
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00