Abstract:
AIMS:To evaluate the mortality experience of a cohort of employees in the UK silica sand industry exposed to respirable crystalline silica (RCS). METHODS:A retrospective cohort mortality study followed all workers to 2001 with at least one year's employment at one of seven UK silica sand producing quarries between 1950 and 1986. Each worker was assigned a job category and cumulative exposure to RCS was estimated using a job-exposure matrix. RESULTS:A total of 764 deaths were identified in 2703 cohort members. The overall mortality rate for the cohort was lower than would be expected in the general population. Mortality from circulatory and respiratory disease was also less than expected, but death due to pneumoconiosis was slightly raised (two deaths). Mortality from all cancers was slightly decreased. Mortality was not raised in any job category. Cancer mortality was raised at one quarry due to a significant increase in lung (standardised mortality rate (SMR) 162.0, 95% CI 113.5 to 224.3) and bladder (SMR 366.5, 95% CI 167.6 to 695.7) cancers. Mortality from lung cancer and other causes did not show a trend with cumulative exposure to RCS. CONCLUSIONS:This study did not show any consistent relation between RCS exposure (in the absence of other known carcinogens) and the development of lung cancer. This contrasts with a number of studies that have shown positive findings in similar and related industries.
journal_name
Occup Environ Medjournal_title
Occupational and environmental medicineauthors
Brown TP,Rushton Ldoi
10.1136/oem.2004.017731subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-07-01 00:00:00pages
446-52issue
7eissn
1351-0711issn
1470-7926pii
62/7/446journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Aerosol sampling has evolved with changes in technology and our understanding of the importance of assessing the biologically relevant fractions of the total aerosol. During the past decade there has been international agreement on the definitions for the inhalable, thoracic, and respirable fractions and instruments h...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/oem.56.11.747
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Systematic assessments of the effectiveness of interventions to prevent work related eye injuries are needed. AIM:To investigate the long term effectiveness of a multicomponent prevention campaign. METHODS:The campaign (conducted in collaboration with the local Employers' Association and Trade Unions) targ...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2004.019570
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To study the exposure of Parisian taxi drivers to automobile air pollutants during their professional activity. METHODS:A cross sectional study was carried out from 27 January to 27 March 1997, with measurements performed in the vehicles of 29 randomly selected drivers. Carbon monoxide (CO) content was meas...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.57.6.406
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To assess the extent of indoor air problems in office environments in Finland. METHODS:Complaints and symptoms related to the indoor environment experienced by office workers were collected from 122 workplaces in 1996-99 by using the modified Indoor Air Questionnaire established by the Finnish Institute of Occupa...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is limited research concerning how small companies in particular, respond to health and safety messages. AIMS:To understand individuals' knowledge and beliefs about chemical risks and to compare these with those of experts. METHODS:The use of chromic acid in particular, and also other chemicals assoc...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.59.10.689
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study investigated determinants of bone and blood lead concentrations in 430 lactating Mexican women during the early postpartum period and the contribution of bone lead to blood lead. METHODS:Maternal venous lead was measured at delivery and postpartum, and bone lead concentrations, measured with in vi...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.57.8.535
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this prospective study was to examine the link between individual and ecological workplace social capital and the co-occurrence of adverse lifestyle risk factors such as smoking, heavy drinking, physical inactivity and overweight. METHODS:Data on 25 897 female and 5476 male public sector employees...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2008.042044
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Trichloroethylene (TCE) -induced hypersensitivity syndrome (TIHS) is a potentially life-threatening disease. Several genetic susceptibility biomarkers have been found to be associated with TIHS, and this systematic prospective study has been conducted to evaluate the utility of these genetic susceptibility b...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2019-106171
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine an association between specific IgE to methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MTHPA) and exposure time, atopic history, smoking habits, and total IgE concentrations. METHODS:A cross sectional survey was carried out on a population of 148 workers from two condenser plants using epoxy resin with MTHPA...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.54.9.667
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The "need for recovery scale" is suggested as an operationalisation for the measurement of (early symptoms of) fatigue at work. Definition of and background on the concept of need for recovery are briefly discussed. Details about scale construction are summarised. Correlations with other relevant measurement scales on...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.60.suppl_1.i3
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore the healthy worker survivor effect (HWSE) in a study of Vermont granite workers by distinguishing "prevalent" from "incident" hires based on date of hire before or after the start of follow-up. METHODS:Records of workers between 1950 and 1982 were obtained from a medical surveillance programme. Pr...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2006.031369
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The current study examines and compares the relationship between both macroeconomic and industry-specific business cycle indicators, and work-related injuries among construction workers in Denmark using emergency department (ED) injury data and also officially reported injuries to the Danish Working Environm...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2014-102290
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The erection of mobile telephone base stations in inhabited areas has raised concerns about possible health effects caused by emitted microwaves. METHODS:In a cross-sectional study of randomly selected inhabitants living in urban and rural areas for more than one year near to 10 selected base stations, 365 ...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2005.020784
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate associations between cancer incidence and exposure to coal tar pitch volatiles, asbestos, pot emissions (fluorides, sulphur dioxide), heat stress, and magnetic fields in workers from a Norwegian aluminium smelter that operated from 1914 to 1975. METHODS:Cancer incidence between 1953 and 1991 w...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.52.4.250
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The number of nuclear medicine procedures has increased substantially over the past several decades, with uncertain health risks to the medical workers who perform them. We estimated risks of incidence and mortality from cancer and circulatory disease associated with performing procedures involving the use o...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2015-102834
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A growing interest in reducing occupational sitting has resulted in public health efforts to encourage intermittent standing in workplaces. However, concerns have been raised that standing for prolonged periods may expose individuals to new health hazards, including lower limb atherosclerosis. These concerns...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2020-106905
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To determine the factors that affect why some infants receive higher exposures relative to the mother's body burden than do others. METHODS:A total of 159 mother-infant pairs from a cohort of women receiving prenatal care at Magee-Womens Hospital in Pittsburgh, PA from 1992 to 1995 provided blood samples at deliv...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2003.012492
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Although past studies of workplace exposures have contributed greatly to our understanding of carcinogens, significant knowledge gaps still exist with regard to the actual extent of exposure among current workers, with no routinely collected population-based data being available in most countr...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2013-101651
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A prospective cohort study was designed to clarify the relations between occupational exposure to carbon disulphide (CS2) and its effects on arteriosclerosis in workers in 11 Japanese rayon manufacturing factories. This report is a cross sectional baseline observation in the first study year. METHODS:Study s...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.55.7.468
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Leukaemia is the most common cancer in children, but its aetiology is still poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that traffic-related air pollution is associated with paediatric leukaemia because of chronic exposure to several potential carcinogens. METHODS:The Italian SETIL study (Study on the aetio...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2013-101604
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposure to animals, their feeds, and by-products contribute to respiratory symptoms among farmers. AIMS:To investigate the role of animal exposures and wheeze, and to assess whether their impact differs among susceptible subgroups, including atopics, asthmatics, and smokers. METHODS:Using the Agricultural...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.60.8.e3
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vibration white finger (VWF) is characterised by arterial hyperresponsiveness and vasoconstriction following cold provocation. Several years after of removal from exposure, most subjects show improved finger systolic blood pressure (FSBP) under conditions of cold challenge, but continue to report cold hands ...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.60.12.962
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the occurrence of work related respiratory symptoms and to assess the effect of atopy in a group of trainee bakers. METHODS:A prospective study of work related respiratory symptoms among 125 trainee bakers who were investigated with a questionnaire plus skin prick test with wheat flour and al...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.57.1.58
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Meatpacking remains a hazardous and largely unexamined industry. Despite prevention efforts, laceration injuries, among others, remain high. We estimated the magnitude of associations between transient exposures such as equipment malfunction, performing an unusual work task, rushing, and occurrence of lacera...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2009.048611
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the relation with a case-control study between symptomatic osteochondrosis or spondylosis of the lumbar spine and cumulative occupational exposure to lifting or carrying and to working postures with extreme forward bending. METHODS:From two practices and four clinics were recruited 229 male p...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.58.11.735
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To find whether continuous ceramic filaments (CCFs) and silicon carbide whiskers (SiCWs), which are used in many industries as reinforcing materials in advanced ceramic composites, are carcinogenic in the intrapleural inoculation assay. METHODS:Samples of SiCWs, CCF, International Union Against Cancer crocid...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.53.12.813
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the risk of lymphoma among farmers in Spain. METHODS:This is a multicentre case control study conducted in Spain. Cases were subjects diagnosed with lymphoma according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification in four hospitals between 1998-2002. Hospital controls were frequency matc...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/oem.2005.024026
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine whether results from questionnaires, exposure measurements, and laboratory tests, commonly used in occupational health practice, can predict the presence or absence of sensitisation in workers exposed to high molecular weight (HMW) allergens. The study aims to develop and validate a diagnostic r...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.59.3.189
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate whether there is a relationship between fatigue and sickness absence. Two additional hypotheses were based on the theoretical distinction between involuntary, health related absence and voluntary, attitudinal absence. In the literature, the former term is usually used to describe long term sic...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/oem.60.suppl_1.i71
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male Wistar rats were exposed to two types of magnesium sulphate whiskers by inhalation for six hours a day, five days a week, for four weeks (sub-chronic study), or for one year (chronic study) to clarify the biological effects of the whiskers. There were few whiskers detected in the rat lungs even at one day after t...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.51.7.492
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00