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Abnormal breath tests to lactose, fructose and sorbitol in irritable bowel syndrome may be explained by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and sugar malabsorption (lactose, fructose, sorbitol) may play a role in irritable bowel syndrome. The lactulose breath test is a reliable and non-invasive test for the diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. The lactose, fructose and sorbitol hydrogen breath tests are widely used to detect specific sugar malabsorption. AIM:To assess the extent to which small intestinal bacterial overgrowth may influence the results of hydrogen sugar breath tests in irritable bowel syndrome patients. METHODS:We enrolled 98 consecutive irritable bowel syndrome patients. All subjects underwent hydrogen lactulose, lactose, fructose and sorbitol hydrogen breath tests. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth patients were treated with 1-week course of antibiotics. All tests were repeated 1 month after the end of therapy. RESULTS:A positive lactulose breath test was found in 64 of 98 (65%) subjects; these small intestinal bacterial overgrowth patients showed a significantly higher prevalence of positivity to the lactose breath test (P < 0.05), fructose breath test (P < 0.01) and sorbitol breath test (P < 0.01) when compared with the small intestinal bacterial overgrowth-negatives. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth eradication, as confirmed by negative lactulose breath test, caused a significant reduction in lactose, fructose and sorbitol breath tests positivity (17% vs. 100%, 3% vs. 62%, and 10% vs. 71% respectively: P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS:In irritable bowel syndrome patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, sugar breath tests may be falsely abnormal. Eradication of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth normalizes sugar breath tests in the majority of patients. Testing for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth should be performed before other sugar breath tests tests to avoid sugar malabsorption misdiagnosis.

journal_name

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

journal_title

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics

authors

Nucera G,Gabrielli M,Lupascu A,Lauritano EC,Santoliquido A,Cremonini F,Cammarota G,Tondi P,Pola P,Gasbarrini G,Gasbarrini A

doi

10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02493.x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1391-5

issue

eissn

0269-2813

issn

1365-2036

pii

APT2493

journal_volume

pub_type

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Abnormal breath tests to lactose, fructose and sorbitol in irritable bowel syndrome may be explained by small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.