Abstract:
:The cytokine tumor necrosis factor(alpha) (TNF(alpha)) is associated with a constellation of physiological and behavioral characteristics that follow in response to infection such as fever, fatigue, listlessness, loss of appetite, malaise, and tactile hypersensitivity. These responses are examples of central nervous system (CNS) functions modified by the activated immune system. Our studies have focused on the involvement of TNF(alpha) in CNS control of gastrointestinal function and "visceral malaise". We have demonstrated that TNF(alpha) can elicit gastric stasis in a dose-dependent fashion via its interaction with vago-vagal neurocircuitry in the brainstem. Sensory elements of the vago-vagal reflex circuit (i.e., neurons of the solitary tract [NST] and area postrema [AP]) are activated by exposure to TNF(alpha), while the efferent elements (i.e., dorsal motor neurons of the vagus [DMN]) cause gastroinhibition. Transient exposure to low doses of TNF(alpha) cause potentiated (exaggerated) NST responses to stimulation. Subsequent studies suggest that TNF(alpha) presynaptically modulates the release of glutamate from primary afferents to the NST. Using immunohistochemical studies, we have observed the constitutive expression of the TNFR1 receptor on central vagal afferents and spinal trigeminal afferents in the medulla, as well as on cells and afferent fibers within the dorsal root ganglia and within laminae I and II of the dorsal horn throughout the spinal cord. The constitutive presence of these receptors on these afferents may explain why inflammatory or infectious processes that generate TNF(alpha) can disrupt gastrointestinal functions and cause tactile hypersensitivity. These receptors may also play a critical role in the chronic allodynia and hyper-reflexia observed after spinal cord injury or peripheral nerve damage.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
Hermann GE,Holmes GM,Rogers RCdoi
10.2174/1381612053507828subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-01-01 00:00:00pages
1391-409issue
11eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) can uniquely detect thousands of compounds allowing both their identification and localization within biological tissue samples. MSI is an interdisciplinary science that crosses the borders of physics, chemistry and biology, and enables local molecular analysis at a broad range of lengt...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170111112550
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract:BACKGROUNDS:Targeted therapy is the foundation of personalized medicine in cancer, which is often understood as the right patient using the right drug. Thinking from the viewpoint of determinants during personalized drug treatment, the genetics, epigenetics and metagenomics would provide individual-specific biological ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
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abstract::Ablation has become an important treatment for many pediatric patients with common supraventricular tachycardias (SVTs). Many multicenter studies have documented that radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation is a safe and effective procedure for treatment of a large variety of SVTs in children and adults with a high succ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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