Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The remarkable resistance of the mucosal lining the upper gastrointestinal tract to concentrated gastric acid remains one of the biggest unsolved mysteries of upper gastrointestinal physiology. Even with the discovery of the involvement of Helicobacter pylori in gastroduodenal injury, the mechanism by which the organism causes injury remains unresolved. In the past year, there have been striking findings regarding trefoil peptides, the protective effect of regulatory peptides such as adrenomedullin, and the influence of H. pylori on the junctions that join the epithelial cells. RECENT FINDINGS:Trefoil peptide-2-deficient mice were more susceptible to gastric injury from nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, confirming that trefoil peptides increased the barrier properties of the pre-epithelial mucus gel. With regard to H. pylori, the gastric mucosa of mice deficient in the tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z were not damaged by H. pylori vacuolating cytotoxin. Proton pump inhibition appears to be equally or more effective in upper gastrointestinal mucosal protection compared with other interventions such as exogenous prostaglandins or H. pylori eradication. SUMMARY:Peptic ulcer disease, although declining in prevalence, appears to be increasing in virulence, perhaps because of the overall aging of the population and improved intensive care unit care. Although H. pylori and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been identified as key pro-ulcerogenic factors, many ulcers may also result from a deficiency of other, unknown host protective factors. A more detailed understanding of the host factors involved in mucosal protection will thus help identify novel therapeutic targets aimed at the prevention and treatment of upper gastrointestinal mucosal injury.
journal_name
Curr Opin Gastroenteroljournal_title
Current opinion in gastroenterologyauthors
Bi LC,Kaunitz JDdoi
10.1097/00001574-200311000-00003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-11-01 00:00:00pages
526-32issue
6eissn
0267-1379issn
1531-7056pii
00001574-200311000-00003journal_volume
19pub_type
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000120
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Esophageal varices and Mallory Weiss syndrome are the two major esophageal bleeding disorders. Although there have been major breakthroughs in the treatment of peptic ulcer bleeding, the management of esophageal bleeding disorders remains a challenging problem. This review focuses on studies published...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200407000-00015
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abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a rare autoimmune liver disease that increasingly is diagnosed at early stages of disease. Although survival has improved, a majority suffers from one or more symptom complexes associated with PBC. Much remains unknown about the mechanisms, significance, or effecti...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200105000-00002
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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doi:10.1097/01.mog.0000231808.10773.8e
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e328352b5ef
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Immunoglobulin G4-associated cholangitis is a recently identified clinical entity characterized by infiltration of immunoglobulin G4 -bearing plasma cells in bile ducts and other affected tissues. This review is focused mainly on the most recent studies published during the last 2 years that have incr...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3282f6a7c5
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32833ea9d9
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To critically appraise evidence on probiotic use for prevention and treatment of diarrhea in children and adults. RECENT FINDINGS:Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses suggested that probiotics are effective in primary and secondary prevention of gastroenteritis and its treatment. Se...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32831b4455
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Our objective was to review advances in bile acids in health and disease published in the last 2 years. Bile acid diarrhea (BAD) is recognized as a common cause of chronic diarrhea, and its recognition has been facilitated by development of new screening tests. RECENT FINDINGS:Primary BAD can account...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000344
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Radiologic imaging of the large intestine continues to evolve and expand the potential for noninvasive diagnosis. The aim of this review is to provide an update on current and emerging clinical capabilities for a variety of radiologic diagnostic imaging tools for evaluating the colon and rectum. RECE...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e328332b835
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is reserved primarily for therapeutic reasons. Recent literature continues to support therapeutic uses of the technique. This review addresses the literature in the field of biliary endoscopy for the year 2006 and is intended to assist gastroenterologists...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3280925617
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The 2009 review on small intestinal ion transport, in this series, focused on recent advances in duodenal bicarbonate secretion, the importance of scaffolding proteins and the pathophysiology of inflammation-associated diarrhea. The current review focuses on advances in ion-coupled solute transport, t...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3283358a45
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e328334df17
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize the advances in diagnostic modalities and management options for defecatory dysfunction and highlight the areas in need of further research. RECENT FINDINGS:The diagnostic utility of high-resolution anorectal manometry (ARM), which has emerged as a promising tool for the diagnosis of def...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0000000000000407
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Water-soluble vitamins are required as enzyme cofactors in a wide variety of metabolic reactions. Riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C are essential in redox reactions; thiamine and biotin are involved in macronutrient metabolism; and folate, vitamin B12, pyridoxine, and riboflavin play important roles in the regulation ...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200303000-00003
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this article is to review recently published studies presenting novel and relevant information on small intestinal motility. RECENT FINDINGS:The reviewed studies covered a variety of topics with several themes emerging. The presentation and causes of chronic intestinal dysmotility continue...
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doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32801424f3
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Endoscopic approaches to obesity may help fulfill the unmet need of over half the US adult population who would benefit from therapy for obesity but are not receiving it. Endoluminal approaches have the potential to be more efficacious than antiobesity medications and have a lower risk-cost profile co...
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更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200205000-00003
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e3282fbccf2
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The past few years have seen an increase in the number of research and clinical groups around the world using high-resolution manometry (HRM) to record contractile activity in the anorectum and colon. Yet despite the uptake and growing number of publications, the clinical utility and potential advanta...
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更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
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更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of small bowel transplantation has long been hindered by the immunological and infectious barriers peculiar to the small bowel. Gradual progress has been achieved during the past decade with the use of tacrolimus and the availability of better anti-infection prophylaxis. The current status of small bow...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001574-200003000-00006
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) was introduced 13 years ago by Given Imaging (Yokneam, Israel). It has become one of the most important investigational tools of the small bowel. The capsule is swallowed with water after a 12 h fast, propelled via peristalsis through the gastrointestinal tract and...
journal_title:Current opinion in gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MOG.0b013e32835bdc03
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00