Fast-flow EPR spectroscopic observation of the isoniazid, iproniazid, and phenylhydrazine hydrazyl radicals.

abstract：:As metals are ubiquitous in the environment, humans are continuously exposed to them. Although some metallic ions play key roles in human physiology, most metals are redundant and are actually hazardous to humans. A frequent event in the toxicological cascade triggered by nonessential metals concerns the abrogation of...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Vinken M,Ceelen L,Vanhaecke T,Rogiers V

更新日期：2010-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinetic simulation can help obtain deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms of complex processes, such as lipid peroxidation (LPO) in low-density lipoprotein (LDL). We have previously set up a single-compartment model of this process, initiating with radicals generated externally at a constant rate to show the int...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Abuja PM,Albertini R,Esterbauer H

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Witch hazel ( Hammamelis virginiana) bark is a rich source of both condensed and hydrolizable oligomeric tannins. From a polyphenolic extract soluble in both ethyl acetate and water, we have generated fractions rich in pyrogallol-containing polyphenols (proanthocyanidins, gallotannins, and gallates). The mixtures were...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Touriño S,Lizárraga D,Carreras A,Lorenzo S,Ugartondo V,Mitjans M,Vinardell MP,Juliá L,Cascante M,Torres JL

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Water samples from the Waka River, which runs through an area housing many chemical industry facilities in Wakayama, Japan, have been found to show significant mutagenicity, especially without a mammalian metabolic activation system (S9 mix) in the Salmonella typhimurium YG1024 strain. Mutagens in the river water were...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Takamura-Enya T,Watanabe T,Tada A,Hirayama T,Nukaya H,Sugimura T,Wakabayashi K

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lesion-induced thermodynamic destabilization is believed to facilitate β-hairpin intrusion by the human XPC/hHR23B nucleotide excision repair (NER) recognition factor, accompanied by partner-base flipping, as suggested by the crystal structure of the yeast orthologue (Min, J. H., and Pavletich, N. P. (2007) Nature 449...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zheng H,Cai Y,Ding S,Tang Y,Kropachev K,Zhou Y,Wang L,Wang S,Geacintov NE,Zhang Y,Broyde S

更新日期：2010-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The complex composition of welding fumes, multiplicity of molecular targets, diverse cellular effects, and lifestyles associated with laborers vastly complicate the assessment of welding fume exposure. The urinary metabolomic profiles of 35 male welders and 16 male office workers at a Taiwanese shipyard were character...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wang KC,Kuo CH,Tian TF,Tsai MH,Chiung YM,Hsiech CM,Tsai SJ,Wang SY,Tsai DM,Huang CC,Tseng YJ

更新日期：2012-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:3-Chloro-4-(chloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (CMCF) is a strong direct acting bacterial mutagen found in chlorine-disinfected drinking water. We studied the reaction of CMCF with 2-deoxyadenosine in buffered aqueous solutions and found that three main adducts were formed. The adducts were isolated and purified b...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Munter T,Le Curieux F,Sjöholm R,Kronberg L

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among the cellular components that can react directly with peroxynitrite in the presence of physiological CO(2) concentrations are sulfur-, selenium-, and metal-containing proteins, in particular hemoproteins. We have previously shown that the reactions of peroxynitrite with oxymyoglobin (MbFeO(2)) and oxyhemoglobin p...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Herold S,Exner M,Boccini F

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Finger 3 of transcription factor IIIA of Xenopus laevis was synthesized and constituted with Zn(2+) or Cd(2+). The C-block element of the internal control region of the promoter of the 5S rRNA gene binds to the Zn-F3 and Cd-F3 with dissociation constants of 2.6 x 10(-5) and 1.5 x 10(-4) M, respectively. According to N...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Krepkiy D,Försterling FH,Petering DH

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:n-Hexane is metabolized to the gamma-diketone 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD), a derivative that covalently binds to lysine residues in neurofilament (NF) protein to yield 2,5-dimethylpyrrole adducts. Studies comparing the pyrrole-forming potential and neurotoxic potency of gamma-diketones have demonstrated that pyrrolylatio...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhu M,Spink DC,Yan B,Bank S,DeCaprio AP

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of formation of etheno (epsilon) adducts of nucleic acid bases from 2-haloacetaldehydes is generally assumed to occur via initial Schiff base formation resulting from reaction of the aldehyde with an exocyclic amine. We recently revised the 1H NMR assignments of the epsilon protons of 1,N2-epsilon-Guo (G...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Guengerich FP,Persmark M

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence from laboratory studies and clinical trials suggests that plant-derived polyphenolic compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, or phloretin might be useful in the treatment of certain diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) and acute tissue injury states (e.g., spinal cord trauma). However, despite this potential...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： LoPachin RM,Geohagen BC,Nordstrøm LU,Gavin T

更新日期：2016-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The procarcinogen 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) is the most abundant heterocyclic amine formed during the cooking of foods. Metabolism of PhIP by CYP1A2 differs substantially between humans and rodents, with more N2-hydroxylation (activation) and less 4'-hydroxylation (detoxication) in humans....

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cheung C,Ma X,Krausz KW,Kimura S,Feigenbaum L,Dalton TP,Nebert DW,Idle JR,Gonzalez FJ

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One possible mechanism linking inflammation with cancer involves the generation of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and halogen species by activated macrophages and neutrophils infiltrating sites of infection or tissue damage, with these chemical mediators causing damage that ultimately leads to cell death and mutation. To ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Prestwich EG,Mangerich A,Pang B,McFaline JL,Lonkar P,Sullivan MR,Trudel LJ,Taghizedeh K,Dedon PC

更新日期：2013-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A methodology called quantitative component analysis of mixtures (QCAM) was used to analyze an existing set of product formulation data to determine if the irritating ingredients in the mixtures could be identified. Eye irritation scores, based on a rat model, for 18 mixtures having a composite total of 37 components,...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Patel HC,Duca JS,Hopfinger AJ,Glendening CD,Thompson ED

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differences in the metabolism of 1,3-butadiene (Bd) in rats and mice may account for the observed species difference in carcinogenicity. Previous studies of the metabolic fate of Bd have identified epoxide formation as a key metabolic transformation which gives 1, 2-epoxy-3-butene (BMO), although some evidence of alde...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Richardson KA,Peters MM,Megens RH,van Elburg PA,Golding BT,Boogaard PJ,Watson WP,van Sittert NJ

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The tobacco-specific nitrosamines N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN, 1) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK, 2) are potent carcinogens in rodents. Bioactivation of NNN and NNK by cytochrome P450 enzymes generates a pyridyloxobutylating agent 6, which alkylates DNA to produce pyridyloxobutyl (POB)-DNA addu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lao Y,Villalta PW,Sturla SJ,Wang M,Hecht SS

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous reports indicate that 4-benzyl-1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (BMTP), the benzyl analogue of the Parkinsonian inducing neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), is not neurotoxic in the C-57 black mouse even when administered at a dose 10 times greater than the dose of MPTP required...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Naiman N,Rollema H,Johnson E,Castagnoli N Jr

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By the action of UVA light, fluphenazine reacted with nucleophiles through a mechanism involving defluorination of its trifluoromethyl group, giving rise to carboxylic acid derivatives that were easily detected by electrospray mass spectrometry. This photoreaction took place with alcohols, sulphydryls, and amines. Whe...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Caffieri S,Miolo G,Seraglia R,Dalzoppo D,Toma FM,van Henegouwen GM

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryogenic (4-10 K) laser-induced vibrationless ground state and vibronic excited state fluorescence emission spectra of the adducts resulting from reaction in vitro of human serum albumin and the carcinogen (+-)-r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-c-9,c-10-epoxy-7,8,9,10- tetrahydrobenzo[a]-pyrene were recorded in order to determine th...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Day BW,Doxtader MM,Rich RH,Skipper PL,Singh K,Dasari RR,Tannenbaum SR

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acrolein (AC) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) are endogenous bis-electrophiles that arise from the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. AC is also found in high concentrations in cigarette smoke and automobile exhaust. These reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehyde (enal) covalently modify nucleic acids, to form exocyclic...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Kozekov ID,Turesky RJ,Alas GR,Harris CM,Harris TM,Rizzo CJ

更新日期：2010-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis is expected to grow substantially due to recent failures in detecting severe toxicity issues of new chemical entities during preclinical/clinical development. Traditionally, safety risk assessment studies for humans have b...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Goracci L,Valeri A,Sciabola S,Aleo MD,Moritz W,Lichtenberg J,Cruciani G

更新日期：2020-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the molecular basis of inorganic chemical toxicity has lagged behind the proliferation of detailed mechanisms that explain the biochemical toxicology of many organic xenobiotics. In this perspective, general barriers to explicating the bioinorganic chemistry of toxic metals are considered, followed by a ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Petering DH

更新日期：2017-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Divinyl sulfone (DVS) is an important oxidative metabolic product of sulfur mustard (SM) in vitro and in vivo. Although DVS is not a classical blister agent, its high reactivity and toxicity induced by vinyl groups can also cause blisters like SM upon contact with the skin, eyes, and respiratory organs. The purpose of...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lv S,Zhang Y,Xu B,Xu H,Zhao Y,Chen J,Gao Z,Wu J,Xie J

更新日期：2017-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:3-Alkyl-1,2,3-oxadiazolinium ions 1 have been proposed as reactive intermediates in the activation of (2-hydroxyethyl)nitrosamines. The reaction of 3-methyl-1,2,3-oxadiazolinium tosylate (1a), 2-ethyl-1-methoxy-2-phenyldiazenium tetrafluoroborate (3), and 3-phenyl-1,2,3-oxadiazolinium triflate (1b) with thiols was inv...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Loeppky RN,Srinivasan A

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The location of carcinogen-modified nucleobases (DNA adducts) within DNA sequences is a critical factor affecting their promutagenic properties and persistence in DNA. We now report the use of controlled exonuclease digestion followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MAL...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Tretyakova N,Matter B,Ogdie A,Wishnok JS,Tannenbaum SR

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR's) are described for the rate of conjugation of a series of fluoronitrobenzenes with cytosolic as well as with two major alpha and mu class enzymes of rat and human liver, viz., glutathione S-transferases (GST) 1-1, 3-3, A1-1, and M1a-1a. For all purified enzymes stu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Soffers AE,Ploemen JH,Moonen MJ,Wobbes T,van Ommen B,Vervoort J,van Bladeren PJ,Rietjens IM

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The first method for generating (*)NO and O(2)(*)(-) at any known, constant ratio has been developed. Spermine NONOate and di(4-carboxybenzyl)hyponitrite decay with first-order kinetics and exactly equal rate constants (half-lives of 80 min) at 37 degrees C and pH 7.5 to give 200 and 40 mol % (*)NO and O(2)(*)(-), res...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Hodges GR,Marwaha J,Paul T,Ingold KU

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2,5-Hexanedione (2,5-HD) is the neurotoxic gamma-diketone metabolite of the industrial solvent n-hexane. Substantial evidence indicates that 2,5-HD reacts with neurofilament protein lysine epsilon-amines to yield 2,5-dimethylpyrrole adducts and that this reaction is critical to the mechanism of toxicity. Alkylpyrroles...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhu M,Spink DC,Yan B,Bank S,DeCaprio AP

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tobacco smoking is one of the leading causes for oral cancer. Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[a,l]P), an environmental pollutant and a tobacco smoke constituent, is the most carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) tested to date in several animal models (target organs: skin, lung, ovary, and mammary tissues). We hav...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Zhang SM,Chen KM,Aliaga C,Sun YW,Lin JM,Sharma AK,Amin S,El-Bayoumy K

更新日期：2011-08-15 00:00:00