Abstract：
:This investigation was undertaken in an effort to establish physiological characteristics of soccer players and to relate them to positional roles. A total of 135 footballers (age 24.4 +/- 4.6 years) were assessed for body mass, % body fat, haemoglobin, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), leg power, anaerobic capacity and speed prior to an English league season. The sample included 13 goalkeepers, 22 full-backs, 24 centre-backs, 35 midfield players and 41 forwards. The goalkeepers were significantly heavier (86.1 +/- 5.5 kg; P < 0.01) than all groups except the centre-backs, had significantly higher estimated body fat percentages than centre-backs, forwards, midfield players (P < 0.01) or full-backs (P < 0.05), significantly lower estimated VO2 max values (56.4 +/- 3.9 ml kg-1 min-1; P < 0.01) and were slowest over 60 m (12.71 +/- 0.42 s). The midfield players had the highest predicted VO2 max values (61.4 +/- 3.4 ml kg-1 min-1), this being significantly greater (P < 0.05) than for the centre-backs. The forwards were the fastest group over 60 m (12.19 +/- 0.30 s), being significantly quicker than goalkeepers or centre-backs (P < 0.01) and full-backs (P < 0.05). Anaerobic power, as well as knee extensor torques (corrected for body mass) and extensor-flexor ratios, were similar between groups. No difference in estimated body fat percentage was observed between any of the outfield players, and haemoglobin concentrations were similar among players of all positions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
J Sports Scijournal_title
Journal of sports sciencesauthors
Davis JA,Brewer J,Atkin Ddoi
10.1080/02640419208729950subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-12-01 00:00:00pages
541-7issue
6eissn
0264-0414issn
1466-447Xjournal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) provides an affordable and practical assessment of fat-free mass (FFM). However, little information is available on the assessment of changes in fat-free mass in top-level athletes using BIS. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of BIS in tracking changes in fat-...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.692481
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the current study was to establish which indicators of mobility are associated with successful wheelchair rugby performance and determine whether these indicators differed across classification. Data were collected from 11 international teams during 30 matches (353 match observations) using a radio-frequenc...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2015.1028087
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the match activity and physiological demands of women's tennis during a 3-day clay-court tennis tournament. The activity profile of eight players was determined by filming each competitive match with video cameras. Metabolic-perceptual measurements--blood samples and individual r...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410802287089
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study analysed the effects of bilateral and non-dominant practice on novice practitioners' lateral preference for judo skills in a combat context (i.e., randori). Thirty sports sciences students (22 men and 8 women; mean age 19 ± 1 years) with right hand, foot, and counterclockwise rotation preferences were divid...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640414.2017.1283431
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two experiments were conducted to examine the hypothesis that learning by analogy will invoke characteristics of an implicit mode of motor learning. In the first experiment, table tennis novices learned to hit forehand topspin implicitly, explicitly or by analogy. The results showed that the analogy and implicit learn...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410152006081
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since junior performances have little predictive value for future success, other solutions are sought to assess a young player's potential. The objectives of this systematic review are (1) to provide an overview of instruments measuring personal talent determinants of young players in racquet sports, and (2) to evalua...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/02640414.2015.1061201
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Muscle injuries are frequent and represent one of the most substantial medical problems in professional football. They can have both traumatic and overuse causes with direct practical consequence due to differences in terms of the post-primary care regimen and prognosis. An accurate diagnosis is the first step towards...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1252849
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the physical demands of international rugby union. Five games in the 1989-90 Five Nations Championship were analysed using video-recordings of live television transmissions. When the ball was in open play, the average running pace of players central to the action ranged from 5 ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640419208729927
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In modern sprint cross-country skiing, strength and maximal speed are major determinants of performance. The aims of this study were to ascertain the anthropometric characteristics of world-class sprint skiers and to evaluate whether a specific body composition and/or body dimension characterizes a successful sprint s...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410903414160
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the study was to evaluate, by an electromyographic (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) combined approach, whether years of specific climbing activity induced neuromuscular changes towards performances related to a functional prevalence of fast resistant or fast fatigable motor units. For this purpose, after t...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2015.1035738
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the adequacy of "multi-age" classification systems in youth sports with a specific focus on the unisex multi-age-groupings used by USA Swimming. In addition, we offer an analytical rationale for the multi-age-groupings and potential alternatives. We examined the top 100 US swim...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2011.640705
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed the reliability and validity of a 10-min submaximal treadmill test (T10) to predict critical speed (CS). Forty-two runners completed a familiarization trial plus two experimental trials (T10 test and T10 retest). Reliability between the T10 test and T10 retest was assessed using coefficient of variation (C...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1847504
更新日期：2020-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that upper body aerobically trained athletes (kayak canoeists) would have greater left ventricular wall thickness, but similar left ventricular diastolic chamber dimensions, compared with recreationally active and sedentary men. Ultrasound echocardiography was us...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410410001716706
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study aimed to clarify the effects of oncoming target velocities on the ability of rapid force production and accuracy and variability of simultaneous control of both force production intensity and timing. Twenty male participants (age: 21.0 ± 1.4 years) performed rapid gripping with a handgrip dynamometer...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1266017
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The causes of fatigue during muscular exercise include factors that reside in the brain (central mechanisms) as well as the muscles themselves (peripheral mechanisms). Central fatigue is largely unexplored, but there is increasing evidence that increased brain serotonin (5-HT) can lead to central (mental) fatigue, the...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/02640419508732277
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of task and ego goal orientation and moral identity on prosocial and antisocial judgement and behaviour in football. The interaction between task and ego orientation in predicting these variables was also examined. Participants were 210 adult male footballers (age 2...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410500244531
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the stability of the measurement of respiratory variables during rest, walking and running using the K4b(2) portable metabolic analyser in ten active males (age 31 ± 11 years; VO₂ peak 42.1 ± 2.6 ml · min(-1) · kg(-1)). Following a 10 min rest, participants completed three discontinuous increme...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2013.812231
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to verify the effect of a multicomponent intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF), and to determine the prevalence of responders on CMRF among children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. This is a quasi-experimental study, developed with 35 children and adolescents with overweight/obe...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1725384
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous research on unstable footwear has suggested that it may induce mechanical noise during walking. The purpose of this study was to explore whether unstable footwear could be considered as a noise-based training gear to exercise body center of mass (CoM) motion during walking. Ground reaction forces were collect...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2018.1474726
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the activity profile and physiological demands of top-class soccer refereeing, we performed computerized time-motion analyses and measured the heart rate and blood lactate concentration of 27 referees during 43 competitive matches in the two top Danish leagues. To relate match performance to physical capaci...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/026404101753113831
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study aimed to explore the mediating role of social factors on the associations between attachment styles and basic psychological needs satisfaction within two relational contexts. Athletes (N = 215) completed a multi-section questionnaire pertaining to attachment styles, basic needs satisfied within the c...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.744078
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Walking is a safe, accessible and low cost activity, amenable to change and known to have great potential to increase physical activity levels in sedentary individuals. The objective of this study is to estimate the proportion of the 2009 adult population of England who would attain or exceed vigorous intensity activi...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2011.609897
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Front crawl swimmers often restrict the number of breaths they take during a race because of the possible adverse effects of the breathing action on resistance or stroke mechanics. The aim of this study was to determine whether differences exist in the kinematics of the trunk and upper extremity used during preferred-...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/026404199365551
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examined the metabolic responses to an acute bout of football and the overall and moderating role of physical fitness on these responses, in adolescents. Thirty-six adolescents (16 girls, 20 boys; 12.6±0.5 y) completed two trials (60-min football and 60-min seated rest) separated by 7-d. Capillary bl...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2020.1860362
更新日期：2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to devise a valid performance analysis system for the assessment of the movement characteristics associated with competitive amateur boxing and assess its reliability using analysts of varying experience of the sport and performance analysis. Key performance indicators to characterise the dem...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2012.738922
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children and adolescents mature at different rates such that individuals competing in the same competition may differ in physical and biological maturity despite being of similar chronological age. Whether or not differences translate into on-field performance in competition is relatively unknown. This study investiga...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640414.2013.843016
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we examined the relationships between body sway, aim point fluctuation and performance in rifle shooting on an inter- and intra-individual basis. Six elite shooters performed 20 shots under competition conditions. For each shot, body sway parameters and four aim point fluctuation parameters were quantif...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/0264041031000101881
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physical inactivity is proven to be a risk factor for non-communicable diseases and all-cost mortality. Public health policy recommends community settings worldwide such as the workplace to promote physical activity. Despite the growing prevalence of workplace team sports, studies have not synthesised their benefits w...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/02640414.2016.1158852
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined sexual dimorphism in the anthropometry of 68 Australasian and Pacific powerlifters (14 females, 54 males) who were competing in one of two national or international powerlifting competitions held in New Zealand. All powerlifters were assessed for 37 anthropometric dimensions by ISAK (International Society ...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/02640410701644034
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mixture of dihydroxyacetone and pyruvate (DHAP) is an ergogenic aid that enhances muscle glucose extraction during prolonged aerobic exercise. In order to evaluate the effect of DHAP on muscle amino acid extraction during exercise, we measured arterial concentration and muscle exchange of amino acids in 18 untrain...
journal_title：Journal of sports sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/02640419308729958
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
