Sheep exhibit novel variations in the organization of the mammalian type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene.

abstract：:The sexually dimorphic extrahypothalamic arginine-vasopressin (AVP) projections from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis to the lateral septum (LS) and lateral habenula (LHb) are denser in males than females and, in rats, require males' perinatal exposure to gonadal hormones but the absence of such exposure in fem...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Lonstein JS,Rood BD,De Vries GJ

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of FRTL-5 cells to iodide (I-) in excess of 3 microM suppresses the concentrative uptake of I-. The depression of I- uptake measured at the steady state is due to decrease in the rate of I- influx and not to an effect on I- efflux. Exposure to NaI is associated with decreased T4 secretion and also depressed N...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Grollman EF,Smolar A,Ommaya A,Tombaccini D,Santisteban P

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whereas the stimulatory effect of interleukin-6 (IL-6) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is well established, its mode of action in this axis has yet to be fully elucidated. To further study the role of IL-6 in the HPA axis, we compared the expression of IL-6 messenger RNA (mRNA) in the rat hypothalamus...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Muramami N,Fukata J,Tsukada T,Kobayashi H,Ebisui O,Segawa H,Muro S,Imura H,Nakao K

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the ewe, photoperiod modulates LH and PRL secretion as well as median eminence (ME) dopaminergic activity. The studies reported here were designed to characterize the functional significance of this photoperiodic modulation of ME dopaminergic neuron activity in relation to the regulation of LH and PRL secretion. Th...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Viguié C,Thibault J,Thiéry JC,Tillet Y,Malpaux B

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Properties of cyclic 3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase in the 100,500 X g supernatant of the bovine thyroid were investigated. The enzyme activity was measured by a radioisotopic method using an anionic-exchange resin, and it was found that the activity was stimulated by Mg2+. Sephadex G-200 gel filtration separated ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Yagura T,Azuma Y,Akazawa Y,Nagata I,Uchino H

更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The DHCR24 gene encodes an enzyme catalyzing the last step of cholesterol biosynthesis, the conversion of desmosterol to cholesterol. To elucidate the physiological significance of cholesterol biosynthesis in mammalian cells, we investigated proliferation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) prepared from DHCR24(-/-)...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Lu X,Kambe F,Cao X,Yoshida T,Ohmori S,Murakami K,Kaji T,Ishii T,Zadworny D,Seo H

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The proglucagon gene (glu) encodes the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), produced in the intestinal endocrine L cells. We found previously that the bipartite transcription factor beta-catenin/T cell factor (cat/TCF), the major effector of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, activates intestinal glu ex...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Yi F,Sun J,Lim GE,Fantus IG,Brubaker PL,Jin T

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The time sequence of the metabolism of [4-14C] pregnenolone to testosterone in homogenates of human and rat testis was studied with special emphasis on the chain of events in the early 15 min of incubation. The incubations were performed at 32 C in the presence of NAD and a NADPH-generating system. The various interme...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Weusten JJ,Smals AG,Hofman JA,Kloppenborg PW,Benraad TJ

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the cellular mechanisms underlying the unique GH secretory apparatus of the androgen-resistant testicular feminized (Tfm) rat we employed a reverse hemolytic plaque assay to assess GH secretion by individual cells from normal male, normal female, and Tfm rats. Acutely dispersed pituitary cells were incu...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Martha PM Jr,Krieg RJ Jr,Batson JM,Rogol AD,Evans WS

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophages are known to release a lipophilic factor that stimulates testosterone production by Leydig cells. This macrophage-derived factor (MDF) is thought to be physiologically relevant, because removal of macrophages from the testis results in altered testosterone secretion and reduced fertility. The purpose of th...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Nes WD,Lukyanenko YO,Jia ZH,Quideau S,Howald WN,Pratum TK,West RR,Hutson JC

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heart failure is a leading cause of death, especially in the elderly or obese and diabetic populations. Various remodeling events have been characterized, which collectively contribute to the progression of heart failure. Of particular interest, autophagy has recently emerged as an important determinant of cardiac rem...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Jahng JW,Turdi S,Kovacevic V,Dadson K,Li RK,Sweeney G

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a decisive element for the transcriptional regulation of many genes expressed in hypoxic conditions. In vascular smooth muscle cells, the vasoactive hormone angiotensin II (Ang II) is a very potent inducer and activator of HIF-1. As opposed to hypoxia, which induces HIF-1alpha by ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Lauzier MC,Pagé EL,Michaud MD,Richard DE

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of short term (1-month) and life-long 60% ad libitum food restriction on the adrenocortical response to restraint stress were compared in young and aged Fischer 344 rats. In rats restricted for 1 month (study 1), the adrenocortical response differed as a function of age. In 8-month-old animals, the initial...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Stewart J,Meaney MJ,Aitken D,Jensen L,Kalant N

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alpha-calcitonin gene-related peptide (alphaCGRP) is released mainly from sensory and motor nerves in response to physiological stimuli. Despite well-documented pharmacological effects, its primary physiological role has thus far remained obscure. Increased lipid content, particularly in skeletal muscle and liver, is ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Danaher RN,Loomes KM,Leonard BL,Whiting L,Hay DL,Xu LY,Kraegen EW,Phillips AR,Cooper GJ

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Poor growth before birth increases the risk of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and impairs insulin secretion relative to sensitivity. We investigated the effects of intrauterine growth restriction in sheep on insulin secretion, beta-cell mass, and function from before birth to young adulthood and its m...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Gatford KL,Mohammad SN,Harland ML,De Blasio MJ,Fowden AL,Robinson JS,Owens JA

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T3 stimulates in vitro GH secretion, whereas somatomedins have been shown to suppress GH. We, therefore, tested the effects of a recombinant human insulin-like growth factor analog (IGF-I; Thr 59) on T3-induced GH secretion. Pituitary monolayer cultures were derived from 4- to 7-week surgically thyroidectomized male r...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Melmed S,Yamashita S

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are a powerful approach for targeted genome editing and have been proved to be effective in several organisms. In this study, we reported that TALENs can induce somatic mutations in Nile tilapia, an important species for worldwide aquaculture, with reliably high...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Li MH,Yang HH,Li MR,Sun YL,Jiang XL,Xie QP,Wang TR,Shi HJ,Sun LN,Zhou LY,Wang DS

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of beta-endorphin upon plasma arg8-vasopressin release was studied in vivo in rabbits and in vitro in rat neural lobes. Following intravenous administration of 200 mug/kg synthetic beta-endorphin plasma AVP rose significantly by five minutes after injection and remained elevated for twenty-five minutes comp...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Weitzman RE,Fisher DA,Minick S,Ling N,Guillemin R

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GH receptor (GHR) mediates the anabolic and metabolic effects of GH. We previously characterized a monoclonal antibody (anti-GHR(ext-mAb)) that reacts with subdomain 2 of the rabbit GHR extracellular domain (ECD) and is a conformation-specific inhibitor of GH signaling in cells bearing rabbit or human GHR. Notably, th...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Jiang J,Wan Y,Wang X,Xu J,Harris JM,Lobie PE,Zhang Y,Zinn KR,Waters MJ,Frank SJ

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A1/A2 noradrenergic neurons in the medulla oblongata are well known to mediate stress signals in the central nervous system. Stress activates A1/A2 noradrenergic neurons, and then noradrenaline (NA) stimulates ACTH secretion through hypothalamic CRH. On the other hand, PRL-releasing peptide (PrRP) was recently isolate...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Maruyama M,Matsumoto H,Fujiwara K,Noguchi J,Kitada C,Fujino M,Inoue K

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucocorticoids and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for the treatment of inflammatory and immune diseases. Nitric oxide (NO) has a diversity of physiological functions, but its excess production has been implicated in the inflammatory process. The present study was designed to elucidate th...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Katsuyama K,Shichiri M,Kato H,Imai T,Marumo F,Hirata Y

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we investigated the hypothalamic regulatory role of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in the control of LH and PRL secretion. Overiectomized ewes were surgically prepared with bilateral guide tubes directed at the preoptic area (POA) or medial basal hypothalamus (MBH). After rec...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Anderson ST,Sawangjaroen K,Curlewis JD

更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the use of rabbit anti-LH-RH serum, a system of delicate nerve fibers and terminals which contain immunoreactive LH-RH can be demonstrated in the median eminence of the rat, corresponding exactly to the tubero-infundibular tract as described earlier with the aid of classical neurophistological methods. The delica...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Sétáló G,Vigh S,Schally AV,Arimura A,Flerkó B

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relaxin is a naturally occurring regulator of collagen turnover. In this study, we determined the role of endogenous relaxin in the pathogenesis of primary tubulointerstitial fibrosis after unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO). Four- to 6-wk-old relaxin (RLX) gene-knockout (RLX(-/-)) and age-matched wild-type (RLX(+/...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Hewitson TD,Mookerjee I,Masterson R,Zhao C,Tregear GW,Becker GJ,Samuel CS

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase (EC 1.6.2.4), the enzyme involved in progesterone 17-hydroxylation, was purified to apparent homogeneity by detergent solubilization of the microsomal fractions of liver and testis from untreated rats. The enzymes from these two tissues were then compared with regard to several paramet...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Hales DB,Betz G

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The large-Maf transcription factor v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MafA) has been found to be crucial for insulin transcription and synthesis and for pancreatic β-cell function and maturation. However, insights about the effects of small Maf factors on β-cells are limited. Our goal was to elu...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Nomoto H,Kondo T,Miyoshi H,Nakamura A,Hida Y,Yamashita K,Sharma AJ,Atsumi T

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation and liver steatoses. Numerous proinflammatory cytokines have been reported to regulate liver glucose and lipid metabolism, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of liver steatosis and/or metabolic dysfunction. Nuclear factor-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) is stimulated by many...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Liu Y,Sheng L,Xiong Y,Shen H,Liu Y,Rui L

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maintenance of FSH biosynthesis requires ongoing exposure to pulsatile GnRH. Recent data demonstrate that activin also stimulates FSH biosynthesis. We used a perifused pituitary system to examine regulation of FSH beta mRNA levels by pulsatile GnRH and activin. Hourly pulses of 10 nM GnRH increased FSH beta mRNA level...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Weiss J,Harris PE,Halvorson LM,Crowley WF Jr,Jameson JL

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronically elevated fatty acids contribute to insulin resistance through poorly defined mechanisms. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the subsequent unfolded protein response (UPR) have been implicated in lipid-induced insulin resistance. However, the UPR is also a fundamental mechanism required for cell adaptati...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Achard CS,Laybutt DR

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Free radical production and lipid peroxidation are potentially important mediators in testicular physiology and toxicology. The cytochrome P450 enzymes of the steroidogenic pathway are known to produce free radicals. The present study was conducted to elucidate in vivo the gonadotropin regulation of free radical-media...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Peltola V,Huhtaniemi I,Metsa-Ketela T,Ahotupa M

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00