Abstract：
:Attentive processing is often described as a competition for resources among stimuli by mutual suppression. This is supported by findings that activity in extrastriate cortex is suppressed when several stimuli are presented simultaneously, compared to a single stimulus. In this study, we randomly varied the number of simultaneously presented figures (set size) in an attention-demanding change detection task, while we recorded multiunit activity in striate cortex (V1) in monkeys. After figure-background segregation, activity was suppressed as set size increased. This effect was stronger and started earlier among cells stimulated by the background than those stimulated by the figures themselves. As a consequence, contextual modulation, a correlate of figure-background segregation, increased with set size, approximately 100 msec after its initial generation. The results indicate that suppression of responses under increasing attentional demands differentially affects figure and background responses in area V1.
journal_name
J Cogn Neuroscijournal_title
Journal of cognitive neuroscienceauthors
Landman R,Spekreijse H,Lamme VAdoi
10.1162/089892903322370799subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-08-15 00:00:00pages
873-82issue
6eissn
0898-929Xissn
1530-8898journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Individuals with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) show selective breakdown in regions within the proposed dorsal (articulatory-phonological) and ventral (lexical-semantic) pathways involved in language processing. Phonological STM impairment, which has been attributed to selective damage to dorsal pathway structures,...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00901
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Behavioral studies indicate that spatial and object working memory are computed by dissociable subsystems. We investigated the neural bases of this dissociation with a whole-brain fMRI design and analysis technique that permitted direct assessment of delay-period activity, uncontaminated by other components of the tri...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892999563652
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a previously conducted randomized placebo-controlled trial, we were able to demonstrate significant visual field enlargement induced by restitution therapy in patients with cerebral lesions [Kasten, E., Wuest, S., Behrens-Bamann, W., & Sabel, B. A. (1998c). Computer-based training for the treatment of partial blind...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1162/08989290051137530
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the brain activity patterns associated with stabilizing performance during challenges to attention. Our findings revealed distinct patterns of frontoparietal activity and functional connectivity associated with increased attentional effort versus preserved performance during challenged attention. Parti...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01112
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Predictions of the near future can optimize the accuracy and speed of sensory processing as well as of behavioral responses. Previous experience and contextual cues are essential elements in the generation of a subjective prediction. Using a blocked fMRI paradigm, we investigated the pattern of neural activation in an...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892900562318
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:What are the implications of anatomical localization of component mental operations for cognitive models? In this paper we use the anatomical localizations of visual and auditory word processing that were previously reported from PET studies (Petersen, Fox, Posner, Mintun & Raichle, 1988. We hypothesize that two opera...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1989.1.1.50
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the dominant approach posits that developmental dyslexia arises from deficits in systems that are exclusively linguistic in nature (i.e., phonological deficit theory), dyslexics show a variety of lower level deficits in sensory and attentional processing. Although their link to the reading disorder remains co...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21232
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been shown to respond to conflict between simultaneously active, incompatible response tendencies. This area is active during high-conflict correct trials and also when participants make errors. Here, we use the temporal resolution of high-density event-related potentials (ERPs)...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/08989290260045837
更新日期：2002-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:It is not clear how salient distractors affect visual processing. The debate concerning the issue of whether irrelevant salient items capture spatial attention [e.g., Theeuwes, J., Atchley, P., & Kramer, A. F. On the time course of top-down and bottom-up control of visual attention. In S. Monsell & J. Driver (Eds.), A...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21390
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite smooth pursuit eye movements, we are unaware of resultant retinal image motion. This example of perceptual invariance is achieved by comparing retinal image slip with an internal reference signal predicting the sensory consequences of the eye movement. This prediction can be manipulated experimentally, allowin...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2006.18.11.1899
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In many everyday listening situations, an otherwise audible sound may go unnoticed amid multiple other sounds. This auditory phenomenon, called informational masking (IM), is sensitive to visual input and involves early (50-250 msec) activity in the auditory cortex (the so-called awareness-related negativity). It is s...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01097
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive neuroscience exploring the architecture of semantics has shown that coherent supramodal concepts are computed in the anterior temporal lobes (ATL), but it is unknown how/where modular information implemented by posterior cortices (word/object/face forms) is conveyed to the ATL hub. We investigated the semant...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01549
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cortical stimulation mapping (CSM) has provided important insights into the neuroanatomy of language because of its high spatial and temporal resolution, and the causal relationships that can be inferred from transient disruption of specific functions. Almost all CSM studies to date have focused on word-level processe...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01215
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies on the neural correlates of perceptual awareness implicate sensory-specific regions and higher cortical regions such as the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in this process. The specific role of PFC regions is, however, unknown. PFC activity could be bottom-up driven, integrating signals from sensory regions. ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2008.20064
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Response selection is often studied by examining single responses, although most actions are performed within an overarching sequence. Understanding processes that order and execute items in a sequence is thus essential to give a complete picture of response selection. In this study, we investigate response selection ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01401
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prestimulus subsequent memory effects (preSMEs)-differences in neural activity elicited by a task cue at encoding that are predictive of later memory performance-are thought to reflect differential engagement of preparatory processes that benefit episodic memory encoding. We investigated age differences in preSMEs ind...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01249
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conducted two fMRI studies to investigate the sensitivity of delay-period activity to changes in memory load during a delayed-recognition task for faces. In Experiment 1, each trial began with the presentation of a memory array consisting of one, two, or three faces that lasted for 3 sec. A 15-sec delay period foll...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892900564091
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An attention mechanism in the pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus appears to be involved in the filtering of a location in a cluttered visual field, according to recent PET data. The mechanism in the pulvinar is assumed to be a particular type of circuit that reciprocally connects thalamic relay cells to cortical cells. ...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1990.2.4.358
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of a visual signal to influence the localization of an auditory target (i.e., "cross-modal bias") was examined as a function of the spatial disparity between the two stimuli and their absolute locations in space. Three experimental issues were examined: (a) the effect of a spatially disparate visual stimul...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892903321107792
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although biases toward signals of fear may be an evolutionary adaptation necessary for survival, heightened biases may be maladaptive and associated with anxiety or depression. In this study, event-related potentials (ERPs) were used to examine the time course of neural responses to facial fear stimuli (versus neutral...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2007.19.10.1595
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used fMRI to study the organization of brain responses to different types of complex visual motion. In a rapid event-related design, subjects viewed video clips of humans performing different whole-body motions, video clips of manmade manipulable objects (tools) moving with their characteristic natural motion, poin...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892903770007380
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although examples of unconscious shape priming have been well documented, whether such priming requires early visual cortex (V1/V2) has not been established. In the current study, we used TMS of V1/V2 at varying temporal intervals to suppress the visibility of preceding shape primes while the interval between primes a...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00423
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sense of agency (SoA) refers to a constitutional aspect of the self describing the extent to which individuals feel in control over their actions and consequences thereof. Although the SoA has been associated with mental health and well-being, it is still unknown how interindividual variability in the SoA is embed...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_01590
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viewing of single words produces a cognitively complex mental state in which anticipation, emotional responses, visual perceptual analysis, and activation of orthographic representations are all occurring. Previous PET studies have produced conflicting results, perhaps due to the conflation of these separate processes...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.1997.9.4.441
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humor is a unique ability in human beings. Suls [A two-stage model for the appreciation of jokes and cartoons. In P. E. Goldstein & J. H. McGhee (Eds.), The psychology of humour. Theoretical perspectives and empirical issues. New York: Academic Press, 1972, pp. 81-100] proposed a two-stage model of humor: detection an...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2006.18.11.1789
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The default mode network is active during restful wakefulness and suppressed during goal-driven behavior. We hypothesize that inhibitory interference with spontaneous ongoing, that is, not task-driven, activity in the angular gyrus (AG), one of the core regions of the default mode network, will enhance the dominant id...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1162/jocn_a_00460
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Right-handed participants performed categorical and coordinate spatial relation tasks on stimuli presented either to the left visual field-right hemisphere (LVF-RH) or to the right visual field-left hemisphere (RVF-LH). The stimuli were either unfiltered or low-pass filtered (i.e., devoid of high spatial frequency con...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1162/0898929042568604
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Free recall is a fundamental paradigm for studying memory retrieval in the context of minimal cue support. Accordingly, free recall has been extensively studied using behavioral methods. However, the neural mechanisms that support free recall have not been fully investigated due to technical challenges associated with...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/jocn.2009.21350
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The processing of auditory spatial information in cortical areas of the human brain outside of the primary auditory cortex remains poorly understood. Here we investigated the role of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the occipital cortex (OC) in spatial hearing using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892904970834
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In two experiments participants read words and pseudowords that belonged to either large or small lexical neighborhoods while event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded from their scalps. In Experiment 1, participants made speeded lexical decisions to all items, while in Experiment 2 they engaged in a go/no-g...
journal_title：Journal of cognitive neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1162/089892902760191153
更新日期：2002-08-15 00:00:00
