Abstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review addresses the changing patterns of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella. RECENT FINDINGS:Resistance to chloramphenicol, amicillin and cotrimoxazole is common in Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A in Asia and a few countries of Africa. In some countries, the isolation of multidrug resistant strains appears to be declining. R-type ACSSuT Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 is common in animal and human infections in many industrialized countries. Strains with additional trimethoprim and low-level ciprofloxacin resistance are increasingly seen. Resistance is appearing in new Typhimurium phage types, such as DT204b, and is common in serotypes Hadar and Virchow but not Enteritidis. A variety of Ambler class A and class C beta-lactamase enzymes have now been described causing extended spectrum cephalosporin resistance in different Salmonella serotypes. The overall level of extended spectrum cephalosporin resistance currently appears low. Low-level ciprofloxacin resistance, associated with point mutations in the gyrA gene, is inceasingly common in typhoidal and non-typhoidal serotypes isolated from humans and animals and has been associated with treatment failures. Sporadic reports describe human infections with non-Typhi Salmonella that are fully fluoroquinolone resistant. There is increasing support for the call to revise the fluoroquinolone breakpoints for Salmonella. A study from Denmark suggested that infections with drug resistant Salmonellae are associated with a poorer outcome than drug susceptible infections. SUMMARY:Resistance is increasing to several critical antimicrobials used to treat invasive salmonellosis including extended spectrum cephalosporins and quinolones. In resource poor countries, such drug resistant Salmonella infections may become effectively untreatable.
journal_name
Curr Opin Infect Disjournal_title
Current opinion in infectious diseasesauthors
Parry CMdoi
10.1097/00001432-200310000-00014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-10-01 00:00:00pages
467-72issue
5eissn
0951-7375issn
1473-6527journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Intestinal protozoal infections cause significant disease not only in the tropics but also in immunocompromised hosts and returning travellers in the developed world. Precise diagnosis of protozoal intestinal infection by microscopy can be difficult. Enzyme immunoassays for antigen detection are being used for some pr...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200110000-00013
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The leishmaniases, caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania, are a significant health problem in many regions of the world. This review highlights the recent advances in the study of leishmaniasis related to parasite biology, disease pathogenesis, clinical evaluation and treatment, and pr...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200210000-00005
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Antimicrobial stewardship is now recognized as a formal strategy for curbing the upward trend in antibiotic resistance. Literature on antimicrobial stewardship has focused on areas of strategic importance and operational delivery. A number of barriers have been recognized in the implementation of succ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283483262
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There is a history of inadequate treatments for cryptosporidiosis and a lack of understanding of the species that cause human disease. Against this background, we review the efficacy of antiparasitic agents, particularly nitazoxanide, which has led to increased treatment options, the potential for imm...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200412000-00008
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:With the overwhelming success of combination antiretroviral therapy, HIV infection is now a chronic, but manageable, medical condition. Consequently, HIV-infected cohorts are ageing leading to new challenges in the life-long management of this condition. Here, we review recent data concerning the mode...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000117
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Considerable progress has been made in the development of effective hospital infection control programs in countries with limited resources, most notably in Asia and Latin America. National nosocomial infection surveillance methods are now used in a variety of countries, particularly in Brazil, and offer a better meas...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199808000-00010
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of the article is to present recent epidemiological, microbiological, and clinical data for the surgical, antimicrobial, and adjunctive management of necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTI). RECENT FINDINGS:NSTI can be caused by a broad variety of organisms. Reports about NSTI caused by mul...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000700
更新日期:2020-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Two recent large randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials of adjunctive inhaled therapy for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia failed to show a mortality effect or more rapid resolution of pneumonia symptoms. Does the failure of these studies to reach their endpoints suggest the end...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000525
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:HCV infection becomes chronic in 50-85% of cases. The treatment of chronic hepatitis C is currently based on a combination of pegylated interferon (IFN)-alpha and ribavirin. With this regimen, a failure to eradicate infection occurs in 18-24% of patients infected by genotype 2 or 3, and in 54-58% of p...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200312000-00012
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Modeling of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria responsible for human disease has developed considerably over the last decade. Herein, we summarize the main published studies to illustrate the contribution of models for understanding both within-host and population-based phenomena. We then su...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283462362
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus persists in a latent form for the life of its host, periodically reactivating and often resulting in significant psychosocial distress for the patient. Currently no cure is available. Antiviral therapy is the main treatment modality, used either orally, intravenously, or topically to prohibit furt...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200204000-00003
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Bacterial zoonoses are increasingly described in association with travel. Some bacterial zoonoses constitute important causes of post-travel illness. We focus on leptospirosis and rickettsiosis - the most common travel-associated bacterial zoonoses. RECENT FINDINGS:Leptospirosis is regarded to be the...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32834a1bd2
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the association remains controversial, enteroviruses have been implicated in the aetiology of several chronic diseases in humans. Investigations in vitro lead to better understanding of virus-cell interactions, and improve our knowledge of the molecular factors that are involved in the establishment and maint...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200106000-00002
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The subject of bacterial skin infection in the tropics has shown some significant advances in the past few years, although it is still relatively understudied. Of special interest is the emerging concern about the public health aspects of pyoderma, either primary or secondary to scabies, in developing countries. In ad...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200104000-00002
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Particularities of the fetal immune response to infection cause a heightened inflammatory state that acts synergistically with microbial insult to induce damage. Proteomics offers the opportunity for detecting fetuses at risk of sepsis and neurological injury. RECENT FINDINGS:Molecular tools (16S-rRN...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32832a5963
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this review is to provide an update of nonantibiotic therapies for acute gastroenteritis (AGE), focusing on antiemetics and probiotics. RECENT FINDINGS:The mainstay of therapy for nonsevere AGE remains oral rehydration therapy (ORT). Recent randomized controlled trials and metaanalyses hav...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000670
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The source, significance and optimal management of low-level viraemia during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) are poorly defined. This review highlights recent observations that have implications for clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS:The definition of low-level viraemia remains elusive. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32834ef5d9
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review reports on recent developments in the areas of diagnosis, chemotherapy and pathology, where female genital schistosomiasis was recently identified as a common cause of morbidity in Schistosoma haematobium-endemic areas. As a profound understanding of processes underlying resistance and susceptibility to in...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00001432-199810000-00005
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There is a global need for well tolerated, effective, and affordable vaccines to prevent group A streptococcal infections and their most serious complications. The aim of this review is to highlight the recent progress in the identification of promising vaccine antigens and new approaches to vaccine d...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000644
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a frequent causative agent of nosocomial pneumonia. Because of important clinical consequences of inappropriate treatment, a current review of the potential modifications undergone by S. aureus and adaptation to new treatment options is necessary. ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283509cfa
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Hepatitis C virus is an RNA virus that usually establishes persistent infection in its host. As an important cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide, hepatitis C is a growing public health concern. Despite recent advances in therapy, most people infected with the virus can expect lif...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00001432-200406000-00004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Dengue is one of the most rapidly spreading vector-borne diseases in the world, with the incidence increasing 30-fold in the past 50 years. There are currently no licensed treatments or vaccines for dengue. This review covers the recent advances in our understanding of dengue pathogenesis, including h...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32835fb938
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe the epidemiology, strategies for early detection, and clinical management of infections caused by the most commonly found multidrug-resistant (MDR) Candida spp. RECENT FINDINGS:Increasing numbers of reports describing invasive infections by MDR Candida auris and Candida glabrata has been ...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000411
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is an important clinical complication in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy. This review focuses on the latest literature pertaining to the pathogenesis of IRIS. RECENT FINDINGS:The clinical manifestations of IRIS are heterog...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328352b664
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Acute gastroenteritis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children in the developing world. With improvements in hygiene and sanitation, the burden of disease due to bacterial and parasitic infections has decreased and an increasing proportion of diarrhoea hospitalizations are a...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328330662f
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Migrants living in high-income countries are disproportionately affected by HIV infection and frequently have characteristics associated with poor HIV clinical outcomes. HIV epidemiology among migrants is influenced by changes in migration patterns and variations in transmission risk behaviors. Here w...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000415
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Several studies show that the number of FcgammaRI (CD64) on the surface of neutrophils increases in infections. However, in spite of increased research interest in recent years, there is no clear general view on the usability of neutrophil FcgammaRI in clinical infection diagnostics. This review tries...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e32833939b0
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Cytomegalovirus infection is initiated when tumor necrosis factor binds to the cytomegalovirus receptors of latently infected cells, resulting in the reactivation of the virus and the production of clinical disease of two types: direct infection causing pneumonia, mononucleosis, colitis and other vira...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0b013e328285a358
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients, paramyxovirus infections are major viral respiratory tract infections that, if they progress to lower respiratory tract infections, are associated with reduced survival rates in this population. There are important knowledge gaps regarding treatment d...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/QCO.0000000000000503
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Parasites and other infections have many effects on the gastrointestinal tract of individuals who are immunocompromised. Few reviews focus on parasitic infections, which are covered here. RECENT FINDINGS:The review first examines recent advances in our understanding of the taxonomy, diagnosis and tre...
journal_title:Current opinion in infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/01.qco.0000182104.40128.18
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00