Abstract:
:The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is mainly involved in the regulation of arterial blood pressure and fluid balance. One of the main stimuli for the secretion of renin present in the renal juxtamedullary cells, but also in some other tissues, is provided by the sympathetic nervous system via the action of norepinephrine on beta 1-adrenoceptors. There is good evidence in animal experiments that angiotensin II (Ang II) facilitates sympathetic neurotransmission by several mechanisms, all of which seem to involve distinct, but perhaps heterogeneous, Ang II receptors. Acting within the central nervous system, angiotensin augments sympathetic nerve outflow directly, but probably also by inhibiting the reflex decrease in sympathetic nerve activity following an increase in arterial pressure. Ang II also stimulates adrenomedullary and ganglionic transmission as well as enhances the release of sympathetic transmitter by a presynaptic action. In addition, there is some evidence that angiotensin can inhibit norepinephrine reuptake and augment its biosynthesis and responses mediated via both extrasynaptic alpha 2- and intrasynaptic alpha 1-adrenoceptors. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, particularly when the endogenous renin-angiotensin activity is high, attenuate sympathetic neurotransmission. Despite a clear demonstration that the renin-angiotensin system augments the activity of the sympathetic nervous system in animals, evidence for such a role in humans is tenuous. This is probably mainly due to the difficulty in quantitatively monitoring and assessing the autonomic function in humans. It is possible that in congestive heart failure, where the renin-angiotensin system can be highly activated, sympathetic facilitation by angiotensin as well as its attenuation by converting enzyme inhibitors may be important.
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacologyauthors
Saxena PRdoi
10.1097/00005344-199219006-00013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
S80-8eissn
0160-2446issn
1533-4023journal_volume
19 Suppl 6pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::We aim to develop warfarin dosing algorithm for African-Americans. We explored demographic, clinical, and genetic data from a previously collected cohort of 163 African-American patients with a stable warfarin dose. We explored 2 approaches to develop the algorithm: multiple linear regression and artificial neural net...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0000000000000317
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abstract::Despite today's standard of care, aimed at preventing homeostatic neurohormonal activation, one in every five patients recently hospitalized with congestive heart failure (CHF) will be readmitted within 30 days of discharge because of a recurrence of their symptoms and signs. In light of recent pathophysiological insi...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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abstract::Cyclosporine (CsA) treatment in solid organ transplantation has represented one of the greatest advances in the past 20 years, reducing acute rejection and increasing long-term survival. However, CsA has an important side effect, producing renal vasoconstriction and systemic hypertension. The main histological finding...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::beta-Adrenoceptor antagonists such as propranolol and atenolol ameliorate the symptoms of human hyperthyroidism. We wished to define whether the cardiac changes of hyperthyroidism are attenuated by treatment with the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist atenolol. Rats were treated with triiodothyronine (T3) [1 mg/kg/day subcu...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the physiological effects and potential mechanisms of action of methylecgonidine (MEG), the major pyrolysis product from smoking "crack cocaine," on cardiac function. Ferret right ventricular papillary muscles and human ventricular trabeculae were isolated and placed in a physiological solution at ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199709000-00013
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abstract::Forty patients (aged 28-66 years) with essential hypertension were randomized to 14 weeks of treatment with diltiazem or hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in a double-blind, parallel study design. A significant reduction in supine body weight (-6.0 +/- 1.5 lb; p less than 0.001) and increase in pulse (+6 +/- 2 beats/min; p l...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005344-198704000-00002
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amylin is a 37-amino acid peptide that shares considerable homology with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Both peptides exert glycoregulatory actions and produce vasodilation of the cardiovascular system. We wished to determine if amylin exerts vasodilatory action in the perfused mesenteric arterial bed in a ma...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198712000-00003
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199106000-00004
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198710001-00011
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-three patients [mean age 49.7 +/- 5.6 years (WHO II-III)] with severe hypertension and not responding to previous drug treatment were included in the study to evaluate the effect of nitrendipine (NTP) as monotherapy and also in combination with propranolol (PRO). After a control period of 10 days, NTP was start...
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