Abstract:
:The use of calcium antagonists as cardioprotective agents is based on the assumption that uncontrolled Ca2+ gain is a key factor in causing cell death and tissue necrosis. This uncontrolled gain in Ca2+ is the ultimate expression of a series of metabolic events triggered by inadequate perfusion. One of the early events is a rise in cytosolic Ca2+ (Cai2+). Using 1,2-bis(e-amino-5-fluorophenoxy)ethan-N1N1N11N11tetraacetic acid and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to monitor this early rise in Cai2+, it is possible to show that, in isolated perfused rat hearts, Cai2+ increases (p less than 0.01) within the initial 10 min of ischemia and that the increase progresses with time. Possible causes of this early rise in Cai2+ include activation of the endothelin-1 receptors with the subsequent inositol triphosphate-induced activation of sarcoplasmic (SR) Ca2+ release, enhanced Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release from the SR reticulum, displacement of bound Ca2+ by the accumulating protons and entry of Ca2+ in exchange for Na+, or through the voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels. Using the d and l isomers of verapamil it is possible to show that verapamil slows the early rise in Cai2+, the l isomer being more effective (p less than 0.01) than the d isomer. This, in addition to its established energy-sparing effect, may contribute to the effectiveness of verapamil as a cardioprotective agent when used prophylactically.
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacologyauthors
Nayler WGsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-01-01 00:00:00pages
S10-4eissn
0160-2446issn
1533-4023journal_volume
18 Suppl 6pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The effects of purified baicalin and baicalein from the traditional Chinese herb, Huangqin, on contractions induced by phenylephrine, U46619, and high extracellular K+ were investigated in isolated rat mesenteric arteries. Both baicalin (1-100 microM) and baicalein (1-50 microM) potentiated the contractile response to...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200008000-00018
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We briefly review and compare the current knowledge of growth mechanisms for the mitogenic response of endothelial cells and smooth-muscle cells to injury. For the endothelium, this focuses on the evidence that growth control involves two components: an endogenous inhibition mechanism, which can be overcome either by ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005344-199321001-00007
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histamine released within walls of resistance blood vessels is suggested to mediate an active portion of baroreceptor-mediated neurogenic vasodilatation in skeletal muscle vasculature. Studies were undertaken to examine the possibility that histamine-mediated active vasodilatation could be effected, in part, by an inh...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198706000-00003
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine whether tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), one of the cofactors of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, attenuates endothelial cell death induced by 3-morpholinosydnonimine-N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1), which is known to produce both superoxide and NO. Endothelial cell death was assessed by the rel...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199902000-00018
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolated perfused rat kidney was used to examine the possible mechanisms involved in the hypotensive/vasodilator actions of cryptolepine. In kidneys preconstricted by phenylephrine (PE 5-7.5 x 10(-7) M), cryptolepine at bolus doses of 2.5, 5, and 10 micrograms elicited dose-dependent reductions in perfusion pressure b...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199404000-00012
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a 21-residue peptide isolated from the conditioned medium of cultured porcine endothelial cells and is widely distributed throughout the body, with relatively high levels in the kidney and lung. In this study we examined the influence of thyroid hormone status on immunoreactive endothelin (ir-ET...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199322008-00078
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development of tolerance to nicorandil (NCR), N-(2-hydroxyethyl)nicotinamide nitrate (ester), was compared with that to nitroglycerin (NTG) or isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) in dogs. An intracoronary arterial (i.a.) injection of NCR (20 micrograms), ISDN (30 micrograms), or NTG (1 microgram) caused coronary vasodilation....
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article presents selected aspects of the presynaptic modulation of noradrenaline release from the heart. Several presynaptic effector systems that mediate either inhibition or facilitation of noradrenaline release are discussed. In particular, the potencies of muscarinic agonists and antimuscarinic drugs in musca...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005344-198500075-00002
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the beta-adrenoceptor blocking actions of bupuranolol and propranolol using the response to isoprenaline of the strength of contraction of the canine blood-perfused ventricular muscle, of the rate and strength of contraction of the isolated guinea pig heart and of a guinea pig tracheal ring preparation. Th...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-197903000-00004
更新日期:1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of olmesartan medoxomil (OLM), an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), on advanced nephropathy and mortality was evaluated in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats, a type 2 diabetes model. OLM was administered from 36 weeks of age, when the animals developed advanced proteinuria. OLM effectively suppressed th...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.fjc.0000245241.79959.d6
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the influence of dietary L-arginine (L-ARG) supplementation on forearm resistance arteries in vivo and the effect of exogenous addition of L-ARG to subcutaneous arteries isolated from gluteal biopsies. Twenty-six healthy males were recruited, and 16 were randomly allocated in a double-blind protocol to rece...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005344-199607000-00023
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beta-adrenergic-blocking drugs (BABs) have a firm place in the therapy of cardiovascular conditions including angina and hypertension. Although all BABs are competitive inhibitors of beta-receptors, they may differ in their additional pharmacodynamics, i.e., beta1-(cardio)selectivity, partial agonistic activity (PAA),...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of orally administered ibutilide, a class III antiarrhythmic agent, in a model of reentrant atrial flutter in conscious dogs. After baseline determination of atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and demonstration of reproducible induction of atrial flutter by rapid atrial pacing, 8 dogs rec...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199307000-00002
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We undertook a systematic comparison of the effects of diltiazem and nifedipine and a nonspecific vasodilator, sodium nitroprusside, on renal perfusion, function, and activation of potentially relevant neurohormonal systems in the anesthetized dog. These agents were employed to reduce blood pressure to two levels, a m...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198601000-00006
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin resistance is an important risk factor for the development of hypertension, atherosclerotic heart disease, left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction, and heart failure. It reflects a disturbance of glucose metabolism and potentially worsens metabolic efficiency of both skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle. Th...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005344-200000004-00002
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelin-1 (ET-1) causes long-lasting vasoconstriction associated with a prolonged elevation of intracellular free Ca2+. Because this may be mediated through an effect on membrane ion channels, we investigated the effects of the dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist nifedipine; two structurally distinct K+ chan...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199322008-00041
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Defibrillation strength shocks delivered within an action potential (AP) delay repolarization. Shock-induced AP duration extension (APDE) may prolong refractoriness and terminate or prevent reinitiation of reentry, favoring defibrillation. This study examined LY-190147 (LY) effects on defibrillation threshold (DFT) in...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199602000-00007
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The degree of cardiac and vascular beta-adrenoceptor blockade of bisoprolol and atenolol was determined by the chronotropic dose 25 (CD25) of isoproterenol (the dose of an intravenous isoproterenol bolus required to increase resting heart rate by 25 beats/min) and by the increase in forearm blood flow (venous occlusio...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198511001-00010
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phosphodiesterase inhibitor UK 61260 exhibits positive inotropic activity in animal studies and is under clinical investigation for treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF). We examined the lusitropic and inotropic responses to UK 61260 in electrically driven (1 Hz, 37 degrees C) human auricular trabeculae (AUT...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199206000-00019
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the involvement of the oxidative stress in high glucose-induced suppression of human aortic endothelial cell proliferation. Chronic glucose treatment for 72 h concentration-dependently (5.6-22.2 mol/l) inhibited human coronary endothelial cell proliferation. Temocaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme i...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200312001-00013
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The elderly are reported to be less sensitive to the beta-blocking effects of propranolol. However, age-related changes in the stereoselective pharmacokinetics or protein binding of propranolol enantiomers could have confounded the results of previous studies because only 1-propranolol contributes significantly to the...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199011000-00003
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted pharmacodynamic studies with a new vasodilator, MDL-899. Following initial dose-ranging studies we studied eight male normotensive volunteers, each of whom received, orally, 10 mg MDL-899 or placebo in double-blind random order. MDL-899 significantly lowered standing blood pressure, the maximal effect occ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005344-198307000-00007
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Doxorubicin (DOX), a potent antineoplastic agent, poses limitations for its therapeutic use due to the associated risk of developing cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. The cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin is associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis. We have recently shown that Spirulina, a blue-green alga...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.fjc.0000191520.48404.27
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the acute intravenous (i.v.) effects of the antiarrhythmic agents ibutilide, sematilide, lidocaine, and encainide in a canine Y-shaped right atrial incision model of atrial flutter. After baseline determination of atrial effective refractory period (AERP), sustained atrial flutter (AFL) was initiated by atr...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199504000-00005
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac hypertrophy occurs in response to increased workload, such as hypertension or valvular heart disease. Oxidative stress has been implicated in cardiac hypertrophy and in its transition to heart failure. This study was taken up with the objective to evaluate the role of oxidative stress in cardiomyoblast hypertr...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e3182756ad3
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardiovascular effects of catecholamines and related substances after local application into the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) of the medulla oblongata of urethane anesthetized rats are summarized. The catecholamines in the nanomolar dose range appear to activate stereospecifically receptor sites in the NTS, res...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198200041-00016
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygen-derived free radicals and their metabolites may contribute to the extension of irreversible cellular injury, which occurs on reperfusion of the previously ischemic myocardium. Therefore, therapy directed against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species may provide protection to the ischemic myocardium, whic...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is pivotal in the progression of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and restenosis. Resveratrol is a grape polyphenol that is implicated as an important contributor to red wine's vascular protective effects. Its antimitogenic action on VSMC is attributed to an array of plei...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e318059ae80
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conversion of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) to nonsustained VT may be a potent mode of antiarrhythmic drug action, whereas a drug's conversion of nonsustained VT to sustained VT could produce serious clinical complications. We tested the effects of two class Ic drugs [encainide (1, 2, and 4 microM) and propaf...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199204000-00004
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some calcium antagonists, including nitrendipine, were noted to cause a dose-dependent and reversible inhibition of insulin release in certain animal models. Therefore, it is important to know the effects of clinical treatment with calcium antagonists in nondiabetic or diabetic man. A review of the literature allows t...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00