Abstract:
:Cyclosporine (CsA) treatment in solid organ transplantation has represented one of the greatest advances in the past 20 years, reducing acute rejection and increasing long-term survival. However, CsA has an important side effect, producing renal vasoconstriction and systemic hypertension. The main histological findings in the kidney are vascular lesions in the endothelium and smooth muscle cells. On proximal tubule cells, severe atrophy, vacuolization and thickening of the basal membrane can be found. The main mechanisms of vasoconstriction are secondary to endothelium disorders, increasing vasoconstrictor substances like endothelin, thromboxane, free radicals, etc., and reducing vasodilator substances like nitric oxide and prostaglandins. CsA acute nephrotoxicity produces haemodynamic changes with minor histological lesions, which will disappear when the medication is discontinued. Long-term CsA nephrotoxicity has been widely discussed in the literature. For some authors, a limited number of patients can develop end-state renal failure but others did not suffer these complications. Nevertheless, it seems clear that high doses of CsA can produce renal lesion and renal insufficiency, being difficult to evaluate in renal transplant patients because of the frequent association with chronic rejection lesions. Several types of drugs have been used to treat CsA nephrotoxicity in renal transplant patients but calcium antagonists and angiotensin converting enzyme-inhibitors are the most frequently used, especially the former due to their effect on the afferent arteriole vasodilatation, their natriuretic properties and their reducing intracellular calcium. The greatest experience has been with nifedipine, but other drugs like verapamil, diltiazem, amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine, etc., have also been used. Lacidipine, a 1,4-dihydropiridine, has demonstrated a beneficial effect during the short term after renal transplantation, and a multicentre, multinational, double-bind, placebo-controlled clinical trial for the long term currently ongoing.
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacologyauthors
Rodicio JLdoi
10.1097/00005344-200000001-00002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-01-01 00:00:00pages
S7-11issue
3 Suppl 1eissn
0160-2446issn
1533-4023journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::There is increasing interest in initial therapy of hypertension with sympatholytic agents and the influence of antihypertensive therapy on cardiac and renal function. We treated 26 men with essential hypertension with either guanabenz alone (n = 14) or propranolol alone (n = 12) and assessed blood pressure and renal p...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardiovascular profile of SC-36602, a new class 1A/1B antiarrhythmic agent, was compared to those of disopyramide, lidocaine, mexiletine, flecainide, encainide, lorcainide, and quinidine. These drugs were compared at their respective canine antiarrhythmic doses in a hemodynamic evaluation using anesthetized dogs. ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac fibroblasts are the major non-myocyte cell constituent in the myocardium, and they are involved in heart remodeling. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) mediates the established actions of angiotensin II (Ang II), and changes in its expression have been reported in cardiac fibroblasts after myocardial infarc...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/FJC.0b013e318181fadd
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To explore endothelium-dependent relaxation and the L-arginine (L-ARG)-nitric oxide (NO) pathway during chronic hypoxia, we examined isolated rings from large conduit pulmonary arteries and aorta from rats exposed to either room air (N), 3-week hypoxia (H), or 3-week H followed by 72-h recovery to normoxia (room air)....
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199312000-00018
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Besides generating renal damage, hypertension plays an important role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. The fructose-fed rat is a well-established model both of high blood pressure and renal impairment, which is similar to diabetic nephropathy. To clarify the relationship between hypertension, glucose metabo...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.fjc.0000138166.34482.56
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the influence of the Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin (TG) on the vasorelaxant response to different endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent relaxing agents in an isolated thoracic aorta preparation of the rabbit, precontracted by norepinephrine (NE). Pretreatment with 100 microM L-argini...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199607000-00013
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have evaluated the effects of indoramin, an alpha-adrenoreceptor blocking drug, used as sole therapy in a group of 27 patients with essential hypertension. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured continuously over prolonged ambulatory periods using an established invasive technique before and after six weeks of...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005344-198305000-00001
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelin-1 (ET-1) not only causes potent vasoconstriction but also leads to fluid retention, both actions mediated by ET(A)- and/or ET(B)-receptors. Selective ET(A)- and combined ET(A)/ET(B)-receptor antagonists improve hemodynamics in heart failure; however, it is also important to evaluate the effects of these ant...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200036051-00044
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elevated levels of endogenous digoxin-like immunoreactivity have been reported in the body fluids of premature and full-term infants as well as in term pregnancy, in the amniotic fluid, and in human milk. Several lines of evidence suggest that these factors could also have biological properties in common with digitali...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005344-199322002-00010
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Celiprolol is reported to be a new cardioselective beta blocker with novel ancillary properties including vasodilator effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether celiprolol possesses a direct vasodilatory effect on human vasculature in vivo and in vitro. We studied the in vivo effects of intra-arteri...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198711000-00015
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To slow ventricular rate during supraventricular tachycardia, a drug must have a strong rate-dependent depressant effect on atrioventricular (AV) conduction. We investigated the frequency-dependent effects of verapamil, amiodarone, digoxin, and diltiazem on AV conduction time (AVCT) in isolated guinea pig heart perfus...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199502000-00020
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphoinositide (PI) turnover, chronotropic and inotropic responses to alpha 1-adrenoceptor activation, and alpha 1-adrenoceptor density were studied in atria from rats with left ventricular myocardial infarction (LVMI) and noninfarcted rats. LVMI was produced after surgical ligation of the left coronary artery in 8-...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199103000-00017
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vascular effects of cardamonin and alpinetin from Alpinia henryi K. Schum. were examined in the rat isolated mesenteric arteries. 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra showed that cardamonin is present in trans-form, and single-crystal radiographic structure revealed that alpinetin is present in S configur...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200105000-00011
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelin-1 (ET-1) influences vascular function by modulating intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in smooth muscle. This study investigated the effects of ET-1 on [Ca2+]i and contractile responses in resistance vessels of young prehypertensive (5 week) and adult hypertensive (17 week) spontaneously hypert...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The elimination of an acute oral saline load is markedly blunted in adult Sabra hypertension-prone (SBH) rats compared with hypertension-resistant Sabra normotensive (SBN) rats. Within 2 h, urinary output and the excretion of sodium and potassium are significantly reduced, while urine osmolality is markedly elevated i...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human cutaneous microcirculation has so far been studied by rather crude methods, such as plethysmography and 133Xn clearance. New sophisticated and noninvasive techniques are now available, with which the microcirculation of the skin can be continuously studied and measured for hours. With two such methods, i.e.,...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198500073-00007
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to characterize angiotensin II (AII) receptors in cerebral capillary endothelium and to examine whether the first step in AII responsiveness, namely AII receptor binding, is aberrant in cerebral microvessels obtained from adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The binding of [3H]a...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198902000-00008
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::CGS 26303 has previously been shown to inhibit human endothelin converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) with an IC50 of 410 nM and to be efficacious in several animal disease models. However, it is a more potent inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP) with an IC50 of 1 nM. The aim of this study was to optimize CGS 26303 fo...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200036051-00014
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of captopril on systolic function and diastolic myocardial expansion were assessed in an open-chest multiple occlusion model of myocardial stunning. Captopril was given as a 0.25 mg/kg bolus followed by a continuous infusion at 0.25 mg/kg/h for the duration of the stunning protocol, which was initiated 30 ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199304000-00008
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Addition of endothelin-1 (ET-1) to primary cultures of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells causes a significant enhancement of norepinephrine and epinephrine efflux, with an EC50 of about 1 nM. A maximally effective concentration of endothelin (10 nM) gives a transient increase in noradrenaline release within 5 min. The a...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198900135-00066
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute occlusion of a coronary artery can result in myocardial infarction-a leading cause of premature death. Prompt restoration of blood flow to the myocardium can prevent excessive death of cardiomyocytes and improve clinical outcome. Although the major mechanism of cell death after reperfusion is necrosis, it is now...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/FJC.0000000000000694
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electromechanical effects of UK-68,798 (UK), a novel class III antiarrhythmic drug, were studied in guinea pig and rat papillary muscles (PMs) and atria in vitro using conventional microelectrode technique. UK (10(-8)-10(-6) M) prolonged the action potential duration (APD) by 21-58% and effective refractory period...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199009000-00008
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::BMY 20064 is a dihydropyridine Ca2+ entry blocker with potent and selective alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist properties. The drug was equal in potency to nifedipine as a Ca2+ entry blocker in depolarized smooth muscle preparations. It was less active than nifedipine in antagonizing Ca2+-induced contractions of isolated...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198804000-00002
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the antiischemic effects of nifedipine in isolated working rat hearts from age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), diabetic WKY, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), and diabetic SHR. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. First, we constructed concentration-response curves for the negative i...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardiovascular profile of a novel calcium antagonist, MPC-1304 and its active metabolites were investigated in experimental animals in vitro and in vivo, and were compared with those of other calcium antagonists or nitroglycerin (NTG). The ratio of negative chronotropic/negative inotropic effect of MPC-1304 was 23...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199307000-00025
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data are presented that define the risks of elevated blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic, and support the recent recommendations of the Third Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in the United States that a consistently elevated pressure level above 140/90 mm ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198507001-00020
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of diltiazem on coronary vascular functional integrity were assessed in isolated rabbit hearts during reperfusion after 30 min of global, no-flow ischemia. External detection of radiolabeled albumin, [125I]bovine serum albumin ([125I]BSA), and compartmental-model analysis were used to estimate the mean transit...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198505000-00003
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::High blood pressure (BP) is associated with increased risk of vascular disease, including myocardial infarction and stroke. Since drugs that lower BP will reduce the risk of those complications of hypertension that are due to high pressure (strokes due to small-vessel disease, including lacunar infarction and intracer...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured vascular smooth muscle cells derived by enzymatic dissociation of rabbit aortic media were used for study of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors (AAR) and receptor-coupled calcium flux. AAR were characterized by binding of the alpha 1-selective radioligand [3H]prazosin, and norepinephrine-stimulated 45calcium efflux...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats of the genetically hypertensive (GH) strain do not have an increased body sodium content or increased natriuresis of hypertension. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), on the other hand, have an increased body sodium content and an increased rate of excretion of a sodium load. They also have an increased appeti...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198400061-00021
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00