Abstract：
:Genetic hypertension [essential hypertension (EH) in humans and spontaneous hypertension in rats (SHRs)] is associated with an altered vascular structure, expressed in resistance vessels (small arteries) as an increased media:lumen ratio. The vascular smooth muscle cells appear normal and there is no cellular hypertrophy. The amount of smooth muscle may be increased in SHR resistance vessels (i.e., there is evidence for hyperplasia). Present evidence in EH indicates that there is no increase in vascular smooth muscle mass, suggesting that the altered structure is due to "remodeling," a rearrangement of a normal amount of normal material. With antihypertensive therapy, reduction in mean blood pressure does not necessarily normalize vascular structure, and there are few grounds for supposing that one drug is better than another in this respect. Preliminary evidence suggests that normalization of the pulse pressure may be more important than normalizing mean blood pressure, if vascular structure is to be corrected. Although vascular structure may not per se be an important determinant of blood pressure, reduction in blood pressure without correcting vascular structure is undesirable. Thus, improvement of the means for correcting vascular structure may be an important way of improving prognosis with antihypertensive treatment.
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacologyauthors
Mulvany MJdoi
10.1097/00005344-199219002-00006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
S22-7eissn
0160-2446issn
1533-4023journal_volume
19 Suppl 2pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Sixteen nonhospitalized men, average age 41.3 years with essential hypertension (WHO I-II) were given nifedipine slow-release tablets of 20 mg twice daily for 48 weeks. Both supine and standing blood pressure values were significantly reduced, but heart rate was not significantly changed by the drug. A significant dec...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198501000-00003
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interest in the cardiovascular protective effects of calcium channel antagonists has increased in the past decade. We investigated prevention of vascular wall remodeling by the long-acting calcium channel antagonist pranidipine in 12-week-old Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats with high-salt-induced (4% NaCl) hypertension....
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199406000-00016
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our earlier study in vivo showed that a lower dose of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) brought greater enhancement in fibrin gel permeability (Ks) than a higher dose. To assess whether this finding related to modifications of fibrinogen clotting property by ASA, purified fibrinogen was incubated with ASA and/or salicylic ac...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181953e0f
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium is a signaling element of general importance to cells. In muscle, its key function is the activation of troponin C, which is essential for the contraction of myofibrils in skeletal and heart muscles, and of myosin light chain kinase, which is essential for the contraction of smooth muscles. Calcium modulates t...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of intrathecal administration of neuropeptide Y (NPY), NPY COOH-terminal fragments as well as an NPY Y1 receptor ligand on arterial blood pressure (ABP) of anesthetized rat was studied. NPY and all NPY COOH-terminal fragments tested (NPY11-36, NPY14-36 and NPY18-36), believed to act through Y2 receptors pro...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199305000-00005
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epicardial coronary arteries dilate after release of a transient coronary occlusion in awake chronically instrumented dogs but not in anesthetized dogs studied acutely after surgery. To determine whether anesthesia or surgical trauma is responsible for this lack of reactive dilation, we evaluated the effect of anesthe...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral ischemia has previously been shown to cause a systemic decrease in levels of the reduced forms of low-molecular-weight aminothiols [cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), and glutathione (GSH)] in blood plasma. In this study, we examined the effect of beta-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonists metoprolol (Met) ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/FJC.0000000000000616
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium antagonists can be used with a number of other antihypertensive compounds. The combined use of a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist and beta-blocker is well established and is probably the most efficacious combination for routine use. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors may also constitute a suitabl...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Foods and beverages rich in flavonoids are being heralded as potential preventive agents for a range of pathologic conditions, ranging from hypertension to coronary heart disease to stroke and dementia. We and others have demonstrated that short-term ingestion of cocoa, particularly rich in the subclass of flavonoids ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-200606001-00017
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the energy required for defibrillation and postshock outcomes after the administration of dronedarone, amiodarone, and placebo in a porcine model of cardiac arrest. METHODS:Forty-two pigs were randomized to amiodarone, dronedarone, or control treatments. After induction of ventricular fibrillation...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e3182868750
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We investigate the impact of different regimens of parenteral hydrogen sulfide (H2S) administration on myocardium during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) and the molecular pathways involved in its cytoprotective effects. METHODS:Eighteen male Yorkshire pigs underwent 60 minutes of mid-left anterior descending coron...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181b2b72b
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on different cellular types are variable. In some conditions they can be harmful metabolites, but they can also act as intracellular messengers that are able to activate different transcription factors. Based on previous reports in which ROS were shown to stimulate the prol...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-200001000-00014
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:LY53857, spiperone, ketanserin, and setoperone were potent and competitive 5-HT2-receptor antagonists in the rat jugular vein with equivalent affinities at 5-HT2 receptors. In the rat jugular vein, ritanserin blocked 5-HT2-mediated contractile responses with a depression of the maximum response in concentrations great...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the effects of prolonged oral administration of oxprenolol (twice daily for 6 weeks) to male Sprague-Dawley rats. At two times (1 or 16-18 h) after the last oral dose, the rats were anaesthetised and subjected to acute coronary artery ligation, and the severity of the resulting arrhythmias was assessed. Is...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198405000-00001
更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this study was to determine the effects of trimetazidine on all-cause mortality and heart failure hospitalizations in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. We performed an extension to 48 months and a post-hoc analysis of the Villa Pini d'Abruzzo trimetazidine trial; in this single-center, open-label, ran...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e31814fa9cb
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of this study were to determine whether systemic injections of the lipophobic thiol chelator, para-hydroxymercurobenzoic acid (PHMBA) would reduce the vasoconstrictor responses elicited by the alpha1-adrenoceptor agonist, phenylephrine, in urethane-anesthetized rats by chelation of thiol residues in alpha1-ad...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.fjc.0000181718.25323.91
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a widely used vehicle for water-insoluble substances and exerts a wide range of pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging properties. Additionally, in an animal model, DMSO inhibited cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis. Despite such profound pharmacologi...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181eb3063
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed whether local inhibition of myocardial converting enzyme by captopril and zofenopril reduces the functional and metabolic damage caused by ischemia and reperfusion. First we investigated the effects of zofenopril and captopril on the mechanical function, cellular redox state, and norepinephrine (NE) conten...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate the pathophysiological role of atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) in diseased hearts, ANP levels in atrial and ventricular tissues and plasma were investigated in mice with congestive heart failure after viral myocarditis. The study was performed on day 14 after encephalomyocarditis viral inoculation, w...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measurements of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) catecholamines (CA) were made in an attempt to estimate the activity of central CA neurons in essential hypertension (EHT). CSF norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EPI), and dopamine (DA) levels were measured in 12 normotensive (age 36 +/- 3 years; SBP = 116 +/- 4 and DBP = 79 +...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells are the major cells that constitute blood vessels, and endothelial cells line the lumen of blood vessels. These 2 types of cells also play an integral role in the regional specialization of vascular structure. On the basis of these observations, we designed our study to invest...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e31803e8756
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The volatile anesthetics halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane depress myocardial contractility by decreasing transsarcolemmal Ca2+ influx, Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile proteins, and cross-bridge performance. The aim of this study is to assess and compare the effec...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-200108000-00006
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In humans, three endothelin (ET) isoforms are predicted to exist by analysis of genomic DNA. However, evidence for the presence of all three mature ET peptides and their precursors remains unclear. Our aim was to identify the ET isoforms present in human heart, using radioimmunoassay (RIA) and reverse-phase high-perfo...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199322008-00009
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the vasoactive actions of the wound-healing agent tetrachlorodecaoxygen (TCDO). TCDO (20 microM) had no direct effect on tone in isolated calf pulmonary arteries precontracted with potassium with or without 1 microM reduced hemoglobin under O2 or N2 atmosphere. However, TCDO, in a reduced hemoglobin-de...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199404000-00022
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activity in central sympathetic pathways can be modified by stimulating central alpha 2-adrenoceptors, e.g., with clonidine, or, more recently, by stimulating central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT1A) receptors. Stimulation of 5-HT1A receptors causes central sympathoinhibition and an increase in cardiac vagal drive, which ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examined the effects of central and peripheral administration of a vascular (V1) vasopressin (AVP) receptor antagonist on blood pressure, heart rate, and AVP levels in conscious rats. Rats subjected to rapid arterial haemorrhage were administered the AVP V1 antagonist [d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)AVP] either 5 min...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198810000-00005
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of lidocaine on the conduction of extrasystoles was studied in 8 open-chest dogs after atrioventricular nodal block. Simultaneous recording of endocardial and epicardial activation provided separate measures of endocardial (Purkinje) conduction as well as myocardial (muscle) conduction. Lidocaine (1.25--10....
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198109000-00002
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have suggested that central nervous mechanisms are involved in the enhanced sympathetic drive observed in heart failure (HF). Nitric oxide (NO) in the brainstem has been shown to reduce sympathetic nerve activity. The aim of this study was to determine whether the expression of neuronal nitric oxide syn...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-200312001-00023
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolic and immune systems are among the most fundamental requirements for survival. Many metabolic and immune response pathways or nutrient- and pathogen-sensing systems are evolutionarily conserved throughout species. As a result, the immune response and metabolic regulation are highly integrated and the proper fu...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/FJC.0000000000000704
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The increased production of nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated as the basis for myocardial dysfunction and the lack of response to vasoconstrictors during endotoxin shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our objective was to evaluate and compare NO production in major organs of rats treated with LPS, 1 or 14 mg...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199901000-00012
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
