Abstract：
:Understanding of corneal wound healing plays an important role, not only in management of corneal infections, but especially in refractive surgery. A better control of wound healing mechanisms might improve the results of such resculpturing techniques and help to avoid complications arising from these procedures. While studies have been focused in different aspects of corneal wound healing, our knowledge has increased greatly during the last years. Many problems associated with corneal healing also contribute to clinical pathology following corneal surgery. Understanding of such conditions has been augmented by the continuously developing corneal imaging techniques. We have used in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) for assessing corneas subjected to refractive surgery as well as corneas with common complications resulting from such procedures. IVCM has become a powerful tool for examining corneal cells, nerves, inflammations and infections. It allows information to be acquired repeatedly and at subbiomicroscopic levels that earlier had been obtainable only by invasive microscopic methods. Pre-examining corneas preoperatively by IVCM in order to reveal diseases or conditions in which elective refractive surgical procedures should not be undertaken or to select the ideal operation technique may help to avoid complications in the future. Measurement of the thickness of corneal sublayers or estimation of the thickness of a laser in situ keratomileusis flap or wound bed are other applications in which confocal microscopy may be valuable. In this article we attempt to describe the in vivo confocal findings of common refractive procedures and their complications, and discuss their biology in light of the existing knowledge on wound healing phenomena.
journal_name
Prog Retin Eye Resjournal_title
Progress in retinal and eye researchauthors
Tervo T,Moilanen Jdoi
10.1016/s1350-9462(02)00064-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-05-01 00:00:00pages
339-58issue
3eissn
1350-9462issn
1873-1635pii
S1350946202000642journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Although the tear film has been extensively studied as it exists in the open eye state, until recently very little was known as to what happens to the tear film on eye closure. Recent studies have shown that eye closure results in a profound change in the composition, origins, turnover and physiological functions of t...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1350-9462(00)00006-9
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The generation of expression and subtractive libraries from the ocular ciliary body and cultured ciliary epithelial cells has been instrumental in the cloning, identification and characterization of many genes which, overall reflect a representative profile of transcripts expressed in ciliary nonpigmented, ciliary pig...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1350-9462(98)00026-3
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The timecourse and extent of changes in pupil area in response to light are reviewed in all classes of vertebrate and cephalopods. Although the speed and extent of these responses vary, most species, except the majority of teleost fish, show extensive changes in pupil area related to light exposure. The neuromuscular ...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.04.005
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tear film, lacrimal glands, corneal and conjunctival epithelia and Meibomian glands work together as a lacrimal functional unit (LFU) to preserve the integrity and function of the ocular surface. The integrity of this unit is necessary for the health and normal function of the eye and visual system. Nervous connec...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2012.02.003
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial endophthalmitis is a sight threatening infection of the interior structures of the eye. Incidence in the US has increased in recent years, which appears to be related to procedures being performed on an aging population. The advent of outpatient intravitreal therapy for management of age-related macular dege...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2012.03.004
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review considers the critical role of the conjunctiva in determining the success or failure of glaucoma filtration surgery. Glaucoma filtration surgery can be defined as an attempt to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) by the surgical formation of an artificial drainage pathway from the anterior chamber to the subc...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2009.06.004
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gene expression provides valuable insight into cell function. As such, vision researchers have frequently employed gene expression studies to better understand retinal physiology and disease. With the advent of single-cell RNA sequencing, expression experiments provide an unparalleled resolution of information. Instea...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100934
更新日期：2020-12-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) maintains retinal function as the metabolic gatekeeper between photoreceptors (PRs) and the choriocapillaries. The RPE and Bruch's membrane (BM) suffer cumulative damage over lifetime, which is thought to induce age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in susceptible individuals. Unl...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2007.02.002
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The trabecular meshwork forms most of the resistance to aqueous humor outflow needed for maintenance of a pressure gradient between intraocular pressure of approximately 17 mmHg and venous pressure of approximately 10 mmHg. The composition of the extracellular material in the subendothelial or cribriform layer seems t...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1350-9462(98)00011-1
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune diseases usually follow a relapsing-remitting or a chronic progressive course. To understand the underlying immunopathogenesis we investigated experimental Lewis rat models displaying both disease types, which were only dependent on the autoantigen peptide used for immunization. Retinal S-Antigen-peptide PD...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.02.003
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of irreversible visual loss and the disease burden is rising world-wide as the population ages. Both environmental and genetic factors contribute to the development of this disease. Among environmental factors, smoking, obesity and dietary factors including anti...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2013.12.004
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinoblastoma is lethal by metastasis if left untreated, so the primary goal of therapy is to preserve life, with ocular survival, visual preservation and quality of life as secondary aims. Historically, enucleation was the first successful therapeutic approach to decrease mortality, followed over 100 years ago by th...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.05.005
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vitreous gel is a transparent extracellular matrix that fills the cavity behind the lens of the eye and is surrounded by and attached to the retina. This gel liquefies during ageing and in 25-30% of the oppulation the residual gel structure eventually collapses away from the posterior retina in a process called po...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1350-9462(99)00016-6
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Axonal degeneration is an active, highly controlled process that contributes to beneficial processes, such as developmental pruning, but also to neurodegeneration. In glaucoma, ocular hypertension leads to vision loss by killing the output neurons of the retina, the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Multiple processes ha...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.07.002
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regeneration of visual pigments is essential for sustained visual function. Although the requirement for non-photochemical regeneration of the visual chromophore, 11-cis-retinal, was recognized early on, it was only recently that the trans to cis retinoid isomerase activity required for this process was assigned to a ...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2010.03.002
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem with devastating effects on ocular health in both industrialized and developing countries. The control of hyperglycemia is critical to minimizing the impact of DM on ocular tissues because inadequate glycemic control leads to ocular tissue changes that range from a temp...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.04.006
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rationale behind hyperacute fibrinolytic therapy for cerebral and retinal arterial occlusion is to rescue ischaemic cells from irreversible damage through timely restitution of tissue perfusion. In cerebral stroke, an anoxic tissue compartment (the "infarct core") is surrounded by a hypoxic compartment (the "ischa...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.06.001
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tears undergo four processes: production by the lacrimal gland, distribution by blinking, evaporation from the ocular surface and drainage through the nasolacrimal duct. Abnormalities in any of these steps can cause dry eye. There are two kinds of tear production, basic and reflex, which can be distinguished from each...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1350-9462(98)00004-4
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The thickness of tear film has been investigated under both invasive and non-invasive methods. While invasive methods are largely historical, more recent noninvasive methods are generally based on optical approaches that provide accurate, precise, and rapid measures. Optical microscopy, interferometry, and optical coh...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.02.002
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The refractive power of a lens is determined largely by its surface curvatures and the refractive index of its medium. These properties can also be used to control the sharpness of focus and hence the image quality. One of the most effective ways of doing this is with a gradient index. Eye lenses of all species, thus ...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2012.03.001
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Historically understudied, cholesterol in the retina is receiving more attention now because of genetic studies showing that several cholesterol-related genes are risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and because of eye pathology studies showing high cholesterol content of drusen, aging Bruch's membr...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2014.03.002
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uveitis is a major cause of blindness, with the visual loss that occurs being due primarily to retinal tissue damage. The tissue damage is mediated mainly by phagocytic inflammatory cells, such as macrophages, by the release of various proteolytic enzymes, arachidonic acid metabolites, cytokines and free radicals. The...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1350-9462(99)00003-8
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The brains of all vertebrates are persistently neurogenic. However, this is not true for the neural retinas. Only three extant classes of vertebrates show significant posthatch/postnatal retinal neurogenesis: amphibians, birds and fish. The retinas of these animals contain an annulus of progenitors at the margin, from...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2004.01.001
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cells of the human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) have a regular epithelial cell shape within the tissue in situ, but for reasons that remain elusive the RPE shows an incomplete and variable ability to re-develop an epithelial phenotype after propagation in vitro. In other epithelial cell cultures, formation of an a...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2008.08.002
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy is a catabolic pathway that promotes the degradation and recycling of cellular components. Proteins, lipids, and even whole organelles are engulfed in autophagosomes and delivered to the lysosome for elimination. In response to stress, autophagy mediates the degradation of cell components, which are recycled...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.08.001
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bruch's membrane (BM) is a unique pentalaminar structure, which is strategically located between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the fenestrated choroidal capillaries of the eye. BM is an elastin- and collagen-rich extracellular matrix that acts as a molecular sieve. BM partly regulates the reciprocal exchang...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2009.08.003
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are taking an increasing place in the market of domestic lighting because they produce light with low energy consumption. In the EU, by 2016, no traditional incandescent light sources will be available and LEDs may become the major domestic light sources. Due to specific spectral and energ...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2011.04.002
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The flash electroretinogram (ERG) represents a serial ensemble of neural responses that can be used to objectively evaluate retinal function on a layer-by-layer basis. In this review, the seminal concepts of Granit are developed within the modern context to demonstrate how the ERG waveform can be decomposed to isolate...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2007.09.003
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optimal retinal neuronal cell function requires an appropriate, tightly regulated environment, provided by cellular barriers, which separate functional compartments, maintain their homeostasis, and control metabolic substrate transport. Correctly regulated hemodynamics and delivery of oxygen and metabolic substrates, ...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2008.02.002
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The patterns of eye movement that accompany static activities such as reading have been studied since the early 1900s, but it is only since head-mounted eye trackers became available in the 1980s that it has been possible to study active tasks such as walking, driving, playing ball games and ordinary everyday activiti...
journal_title：Progress in retinal and eye research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.preteyeres.2006.01.002
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
