Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The aim of the present study was to further investigate the characteristics of both graft-infiltrating cells and splenocytes during acute vascular rejection (AVR), cell-mediated rejection and non-rejection of vascularized concordant xenografts, by analysing both proinflammatory [interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha)] and more specific [(IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)] cytokines. A parallel investigation was made of the antibody response of IgM and IgG to the xenografts. METHODS:Mouse hearts were heterotopically transplanted to the neck vessels of recipient rats. Grafts, spleens and sera were collected from untreated (AVR) and cyclosporin A (CyA) treated animals on day 2 after transplantation. Organs from rats treated with 15-deoxyspergualin (DSG) or CyA and DSG in combination were harvested on both day 2 and day 8. Grafts from DSG-treated rats undergo cell-mediated rejection and stop beating on day 9 and forth, while CyA + DSG treatment results in long-term graft survival. Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied for analysis of intragraft and splenic cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. The phenotypes of the graft infiltrating cells were characterized by immunohistochemistry. The antibody response was investigated by means of immunofluorescence, haemagglutination and flow cytometry. RESULTS:All the studied cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha) were up-regulated in the grafts from rejecting untreated (day 2) and DSG-treated animals (day 8) in comparison with grafts from CyA + DSG treated animals (day 8). On day 2 under immunosuppression with CyA, DSG or CyA + DSG no or low cytokine mRNA levels were found. The mRNA levels of IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma in the spleens were suppressed under both DSG- and CyA + DSG treatment on day 8. Immunofluorescence showed deposits of both IgM and IgG in grafts from untreated, CyA-treated (day 2) and DSG-treated (day 8) animals, while CyA + DSG treatment diminished these deposits on both day 2 and day 8. No circulating antibodies were identified in either group. CONCLUSION:We hereby conclude that both AVR on day 2 and cell-mediated rejection on day 8 (under DSG treatment) in a concordant cardiac mouse-to-rat xenotransplantation model are associated with an increase of proinflammatory cytokines, T helper 1 (Th1)-associated cytokines as well as IL-10, while immunosuppression with CyA + DSG diminishes the levels of all examined cytokines. Grafts undergoing AVR or cellular rejection are subjected to deposits of both IgM and IgG, although circulating donor specific antibodies are undetectable in serum.
journal_name
Xenotransplantationjournal_title
Xenotransplantationauthors
Lorant T,Krook H,Wilton J,Olausson M,Tufveson G,Korsgren O,Johnsson Cdoi
10.1034/j.1399-3089.2003.02032.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-07-01 00:00:00pages
311-24issue
4eissn
0908-665Xissn
1399-3089pii
2o032journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Previous data suggest that natural anti-Galalpha1,3Gal (Gal) antibody (Ab) is produced by mature plasma cells. As thalidomide is effectively used in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma, its effect on natural anti-Gal Ab production has been assessed in two baboons. During a 10-week course of thalidomide adm...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1399-3089.2003.00064.x
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activation of the endothelial surface in xenografts is still a poorly understood process and the consequences are unpredictable. The role of Ca2+ -messaging during the activation of endothelial cells is well recognized and routinely measured by synthetic Ca2+ -sensitive fluorophors. However, these compounds requir...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12585
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Safe and reliable diabetes models are a key prerequisite for advanced preclinical studies on diabetes. Chemical induction is the standard model of diabetes in rodents and also widely used in large animal models of non-human primates and minipigs. However, uncertain efficacy, the potential of beta-cell regene...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12255
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Manipulating the pig genome to increase compatibility with human biology may facilitate the clinical application of xenotransplantation. Genetic modifications to pig cells have been made by sequential recombination in fetal fibroblasts and liver-derived cells followed by cross-breeding or somatic cell nuclea...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12131
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In pig-to-nonhuman primate solid organ xenotransplantation using organs from donors transgenic for human decay-accelerating factor (hDAF), the main type of rejection is antibody-mediated (acute humoral xenograft rejection, AHXR). This occurs despite the complement-regulatory function of the transgene, neutra...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1399-3089.2004.00184.x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The process of islet xenograft rejection is still poorly understood. To elucidate further possible mechanism(s) involved in xenograft rejection, the effect of different immunization protocols was investigated. Fetal porcine islet-like cell clusters (ICCs) were transplanted under the kidney capsule in otherwise untreat...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1399-3089.1999.00032.x
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dysregulation of coagulation is considered a major barrier against successful pig organ xenotransplantation in non-human primates. Inflammation is known to promote activation of coagulation. The role of pro-inflammatory factors as well as the relationship between inflammation and activation of coagulation in...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12133
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type I diabetes remains a significant clinical problem in need of a reliable, generally applicable solution. Both whole organ pancreas and islet allotransplantation have been shown to grant patients insulin independence, but organ availability has restricted these procedures to an exceptionally small subset of the dia...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/xen.12095
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Both the complement and the coagulation systems play important roles in the development of hyperacute or acute antibody-mediated xenograft rejection. Atrase B is a novel metalloproteinase isolated from the venom of Naja atra. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of atrase B on complement act...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12616
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of xenogeneic porcine pancreatic islets has been shown to be a potentially promising alternative to using human allogeneic islets to treat insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes (T1D). This article provides an overview of the existing FDA regulatory framework that would be applied to the regulation of clinical tria...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1399-3089.2010.00592.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the predictive biomarkers for graft rejection in pig-to-non-human primate (NHP) full-thickness corneal xenotransplantation (n = 34). The graft score (0-12) was calculated based on opacity, edema, and vascularization. Scores ≥ 6 were defined as rejection. NHPs were divided into two groups: (a) graft rej...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12515
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post-transplantation infections are common in allograft recipients and should be expected in all immunocompromised hosts. Based on the need for immunosuppression in xenotransplantation, procedures developed to enhance safety in allotransplantation can be applied in future xenotransplantation clinical trials. Standardi...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/xen.12423
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Xenotransplantation of porcine islets has emerged in recent decades as a potential treatment for type 1 diabetes (T1D). Current methods of detection, indicative of successful engraftment, occur downstream of actual islet death. Epigenetic biomarkers can be detected in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to pro...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12570
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Xenotransplantion remains the most viable option for significant expansion of the donor organ pool in clinical transplantation. With the advent of nuclear transfer technologies, the production of transgenic swine has become a possibility. These animals have allowed transplant investigators to overcome humoral mechanis...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1399-3089.2011.00687.x
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Xenotransplantation of porcine islets can reverse diabetes in non-human primates. The remaining hurdles for clinical application include safe and effective T-cell-directed immunosuppression, but protection against the innate immune system and coagulation dysfunction may be more difficult to achieve. Islet-ta...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12145
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extensive studies in rodents have identified olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) as promising candidates for cell-based therapies of spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury. Previously, we demonstrated that short-term cultured adult porcine OECs can remyelinate the rodent and non-human primate spinal cord. He...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1399-3089.2009.00562.x
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Young people, and students in particular, generally have a positive attitude to xenotransplantation. We reported previously that university students attending their first year approved of the idea of transplanting animal organs into humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 3-yr course at...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1399-3089.2006.00307.x
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and xenotransplantation are accompanied by viral reactivations and virus-associated complications resulting from immune deficiency. Here, in a Mauritian cynomolgus macaque model of fully MHC-matched allogeneic HSCT, we report reactivations of cynomolgus polyoma...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12578
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The newborn infant with severe cardiac failure owed to congenital structural heart disease or cardiomyopathy poses a daunting therapeutic challenge. The ideal solution for both might be cardiac transplantation if availability of hearts was not limiting and if tolerance could be induced, obviating toxicity of immunosup...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/xen.12479
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islet transplantation is a potential treatment for diabetes mellitus and porcine pancreata may provide a readily available source of islets. The size, number and distribution of islets within the pancreas may influence the choice of age of donor for xenotransplantation. Samples (n = 3 per age group) from the dorsal an...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1399-3089.1999.00009.x
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Autograft (AG) is the gold standard bone graft due to biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, osteogenicity, and osteoinductivity. Alternatives include allografts and xenografts (XG). METHODS:We investigated the osseointegration and biocompatibility of a decellularized porcine XG within a critical defect anima...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12662
更新日期:2020-11-26 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:to study whether sensitization to pig antigens results in humoral and/or cellular sensitization to alloantigens in baboons, and thus increases the risks of organ allotransplantation after xenotransplantation. Serum from baboons that were naive (n = 4), sensitized to Gal alpha 1,3Gal (Gal) antigens (n = 2), or sensi...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1399-3089.2004.00075.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:ABI793 (ABI) is a human monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific for human CD154. To assess the suitability of ABI for baboon transplantation studies, we carried out in vitro studies to determine ABI's reactivity with baboon cells expressing CD154, performed in vivo pharmacokinetic studies in two baboons, and test...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1399-3089.2004.00148.x
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Liver fibrosis results from accumulation of extracellular matrix components and is associated with many chronic hepatic diseases. There is to date no specific therapy for this disease, and patients receive treatment for its associated complications. Specific progenitor cells, known as oval cells, are present...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1399-3089.2006.00344.x
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute humoral rejection remains the major barrier to long-term pig-to-primate xenograft survival, and microvascular thrombosis is a critical element of the rejection process. It appears that persistent endothelial cell activation and injury, by even low levels of anti-graft antibodies, eventually overwhelm the cellula...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1399-3089.2006.00368.x
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Making xenotransplantation socially acceptable is the first step in working toward the promotion of this potential therapy option for providing transplant organs. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the attitude toward xenotransplantation among the Latin American population resident in Florida (the USA), and to determine ...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/xen.12250
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND: Various groups have reported prolonged diabetes reversal and graft function after porcine islet transplantation into diabetic macaques using different experimental designs (macaque source, islet source, type of immunosuppression): subsequently, the International Xenotransplantation Association has publishe...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/xen.12012
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes can be cured by transplantation of isolated pancreatic islets. Because of the shortage of human donor tissue, adult porcine islets (APIs) constitute a possible alternative tissue source. Upon intraportal injection, islets are subjected to an instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR) leading ...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1399-3089.2003.00104.x
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe in this report the production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to the swine homologues of CD11a and CD18 antigens, and their use for phenotypic and functional analysis of porcine leukocytes. Monoclonal antibodies BL1H8 and BL2F1 precipitated two bands of approximately 170 and 95 kDa, whe...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1399-3089.2000.00574.x
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liver xenografts transplanted from guinea pig to rat suffer from inadequate organ reperfusion and initial dysfunction, despite sufficient complement depletion using cobra venom factor (CVF). Reperfusion injury is prevented when complement depleted donors are treated with the prostacyclin analog epoprostenol. Histologi...
journal_title:Xenotransplantation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1399-3089.2001.00074.x
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00