The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) as a model in toxicology.

abstract：:This article provides a synopsis of the first two presentations from the second scientific session of the 37th Annual Symposium of the Society of Toxicologic Pathology in Indianapolis, Indiana, on June 18, 2018; the session focused on acute kidney injury. The first presentation, given by Dr. Kevin McDorman, focused on...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Crabbs TA,McDorman KS

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells have to double their protein mass in order to divide. Whether this is achieved through increased synthesis (PS), decreased degradation (PD), or a combination of both is still debated. Likewise open are other basic questions: whether, beyond differences relating to growth phase (GP) or rate, reduced PD rates are ...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Baccino FM,Tessitore L,Bonelli G

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dysfunction of the visual system remains a leading cause of human disability worldwide. Preclinical studies are a key component of efforts to develop drugs and devices to ameliorate visual impairment. Although new opportunities for the delivery of targeted ocular therapeutics have been created, clinical success has be...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Ramos MF,Schafer KA,Sorden SD

更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Artemin (ART) signals through the GFR alpha-3/RET receptor complex to support sympathetic neuron development. Here we show that ART also influences autonomic elements in adrenal medulla and enteric and pelvic ganglia. Transgenic mice over-expressing Art throughout development exhibited systemic autonomic neural lesion...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Bolon B,Jing S,Asuncion F,Scully S,Pisegna M,Van GY,Hu Z,Yu YB,Min H,Wild K,Rosenfeld RD,Tarpley J,Carnahan J,Duryea D,Hill D,Kaufman S,Yan XQ,Juan T,Christensen K,McCabe J,Simonet WS

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is an odorless gas that produces highly reproducible lesions in the central nervous system. In the present study, the time course for the development of the neurotoxicological lesions was defined and the gene expression changes occurring in the posterior colliculus upon exposure to COS were char...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Morrison JP,Ton TV,Collins JB,Switzer RC,Little PB,Morgan DL,Sills RC

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of xenobiotic biotransformation by in vitro techniques are destined to play an increasingly important role in assessing the safety and efficacy of drugs and other new chemical entities. The first part of this article summarizes some of the in vitro techniques that have been developed to evaluate xenobiotics as...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Parkinson A

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When chemicals that are nongenotoxic in conventional assays produce increases in tumor incidence in rodents in chronic bioassays, the determination of the significance of these data for human safety is a challenging task. An important first step in this process is consideration of available data on the mechanism of ac...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： MacDonald JS,Lankas GR,Morrissey RE

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in immunocytochemical techniques allow the localization of specific antigens in tissue sections. The work reported here attempts to evaluate the application of antibody-labeled, disease-related protein, followed by microscopy and computerized image analysis. Using an experimental anti-tumor, polyclonal...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Levine GM,Brousseau P,O'Shaughnessy DJ,Losos GJ

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the Federal Register of January 10, 2000 (65 FR 1399), FDA published a draft guidance entitled "Photosafety Testing." The notice gave interested persons an opportunity to submit comments. As a result of the comments, certain sections of the guidance were reworded to improve clarity. A final guidance was published i...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Jacobs AC,Brown PC,Chen C,Ellis A,Farrelly J,Osterberg R

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a 13-week feeding toxicity study of grape skin extract (GSE) performed previously, 5.0% GSE showed diffuse hypertrophy and basophilia in rat parotid glands. To clarify whether the change in the parotid glands was an adverse effect of GSE, 6-week-old male F344 rats were fed a diet containing 5.0% GSE or were adminis...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Inoue K,Morikawa T,Matsuo S,Tamura K,Takahashi M,Yoshida M

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensitive kidney safety assessment is important for successful drug development in both preclinical and clinical stages. The Food and Drug Administration recently qualified a composite measure of 6 urine creatinine-normalized biomarkers, such as clusterin, cystatin C, kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), N-acetyl-β-d-glu...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Sandelius Å,Basak J,Hölttä M,Sultana S,Hyberg G,Wilson A,Andersson P,Söderberg M

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic ingestion of arsenic is associated with increased incidence of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. To investigate the role of arsenic in early events in vascular pathology, C57BL/6 mice ingested drinking water with or without 50 ppb sodium arsenite (AsIII) for four, five, or eight weeks. At five and eight...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Hays AM,Lantz RC,Rodgers LS,Sollome JJ,Vaillancourt RR,Andrew AS,Hamilton JW,Camenisch TD

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxic effects of a mixture of 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA), benzanthracene (BA), and dinitropyrene isomers (DNP), and the toxic effects of these compounds individually, were investigated in the Fischer-344 rat following dietary exposure via a powdered basal diet. Animals were sacrificed at 14-, 30-, and 80-days of die...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Boudreau MD,Baker DG,Taylor HW,Barker SA,Means JC

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the constantly evolving field of toxicologic pathology, a pathologist's career is often characterized by multiple career transitions. However, these transitions can be challenging and/or overwhelming and may require a shift in focus, strategic approach, and acquisition of new skills and expertise. In order to provi...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Choudhary S,Osborne T,Adler RR,McDorman KS,Dillberger JE,Ochoa R

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past decade, laser capture microdissection (LCM) has grown as a tool for gene expression profiling of small numbers of cells from tumor samples and of specific cell populations in complex tissues. LCM can be used to study toxicant effects on selected cell populations within the testis at different stages of s...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Catlin NR,Huse SM,Boekelheide K

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ocular medical devices (MDs) represent a very wide and promising field of human ophthalmology. In preclinical studies evaluating the safety and/or performance of these ocular MDs, the choice of histologic technique and the focus of the histopathologic evaluation method should take into consideration the following aspe...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Drevon-Gaillot E

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Swine, especially the miniature swine or minipigs, are increasingly being used in preclinical safety assessment of small molecules, biopharmaceutical agents, and medical devices as an alternate nonrodent species. Although swine have been used extensively in biomedical research, there is a paucity of information in the...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Helke KL,Nelson KN,Sargeant AM,Jacob B,McKeag S,Haruna J,Vemireddi V,Greeley M,Brocksmith D,Navratil N,Stricker-Krongrad A,Hollinger C

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of antigens in cells and tissues can be readily studied immunohistochemically with the use of antibodies. A panel of antibodies to cell-specific markers can be used to diagnose lesions, including tumors, in the hematopoietic and lymphoid systems. This review discusses the use of readily available antibodies...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Rehg JE,Bush D,Ward JM

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine if additive or synergistic toxic effects would occur, adult male rats were exposed orally to lead carbonate (2,000 mg/kg) for 9 days before trichloroethylene (TCE), 2,000 mg/kg, was given concurrently for an additional 7 days. Comparisons were made with groups of vehicle-treated rats and rats given only l...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Nunes J,Ehrich M,Robertson J

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrospective analysis of microscopic evaluation data from control (device and/or saline-treated) animals in intrathecal studies in monkeys, dogs, sheep, and rats was conducted. The studies were performed by multiple testing facilities. All slide preparation and microscopic evaluation were conducted in the laborator...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Butt MT

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory guidelines for nonclinical neurotoxicity testing require spinal cord evaluation but do not specify a trimming scheme. The Society of Toxicologic Pathology (STP) "best practices" for nervous system sampling during nonclinical general toxicity studies recommend that spinal cord be assessed in both longitudina...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Bolon B

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many common inflammatory disorders are characterized by the infiltration of neutrophils across epithelial lined (mucosal) surfaces resulting in disruption of critical barrier function that protects from microbes and noxious agents. In such conditions, disease symptoms are complex but directly related to leukocyte effe...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Matthews JD,Weight CM,Parkos CA

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorozotocin is a chloroethylnitrosourea antitumor agent that is in clinical trial for a variety of human tumors. Renal failure has been a reported side effect of treatment with several of the chloroethylnitrosoureas, including chlorozotocin. To better understand the pathogenesis of this target organ toxicity, we hav...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Dees JH,Kramer RA

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study, susceptibility of CB6F1 mice carrying the human prototype c-Ha-ras gene (rasH2 mice) and p53 gene knockout mice (p53 (+/-) mice) to urethane-induced lung carcinogenesis was compared under the same experimental conditions. Both strains were administered 500 ppm urethane in their drinking water for...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Ozaki M,Ozaki K,Watanabe T,Uwagawa S,Okuno Y,Shirai T

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The carcinogenic potential of chloroform was evaluated in a short-term carcinogenicity testing system using CB6F1 rasH2-Tg (rasH2-Tg) mice. Chloroform was administered to rasH2-Tg males at doses of 28, 90, or 140 mg/kg and rasH2-Tg females at 24, 90, or 240 mg/kg by oral gavage for 26 weeks. Wild-type (non-Tg) male an...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Sehata S,Maejima T,Watanabe M,Ogata S,Makino T,Tanaka K,Manabe S,Takaoka M

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A semiautomated quantitative assay for rat serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzyme determination was developed, incorporating selective precipitation of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) with wheat germ lectin and differential inhibition with levamisole for determination of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IALP). Th...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Hoffmann WE,Everds N,Pignatello M,Solter PF

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carcinogenicity testing of antitumor agents in animal bioassays has been proposed because of the potential for carcinogenicity of this class of agents and the expectation that such testing may indicate prospectively the target organs of any related human oncogenesis. The literature reveals the anticipated confirmation...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Hottendorf GH

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The microbiome is increasingly recognized as a critical component in human development, health, and disease. Its relevance to toxicology and pharmacology involves challenges to current concepts related to absorption, metabolism, gene:environment, and pathways of response. Framing testable hypotheses for experimental a...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Silbergeld EK

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The new Appendix A of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals Used for Experimental and Other Scientific Purposes, which gives guidelines for accommodation and care of animals and was approved on June 15, 2006, was the main reason the authors decided to investigate the origins of the regulatio...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Atalić B,Fatović-Ferencić S

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In standard toxicity studies, the cardiac conduction tissue is not systematically sampled and examined for histopathological changes. Most methods described use serial sectioning perpendicular to the long axis of the sinoauricular node (SAN) and atrioventricular node (AVN). Dozens of slides are needed to allow examina...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Palate BM,Denoël SR,Roba JL

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00