Abstract:
:Although colorectal cancer is one of the most preventable forms of visceral cancer, it remains the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Most colorectal cancers are believed to arise from adenomatous polyps, premalignant mucosal masses that account for up to two thirds of colorectal polyps. Early identification and removal of adenomas prevent the development of colorectal cancer. Colonoscopy has emerged as the dominant method for evaluating symptomatic patients with colorectal cancer and for surveillance of patients with previous colon polyps or cancer. In the United States, fecal occult blood testing and flexible sigmoidoscopy are the most commonly used screening methods in average-risk persons, although there is an emerging trend toward the use of colonoscopy. For both screening and surveillance, the type of screening test used and the intervals at which it is performed are based on risk stratification, which also serves as the basis for selecting potential candidates for chemoprevention. Because colonoscopy, like most screening procedures, has several disadvantages, including risk of perforation and bleeding and an inherent "miss rate," alternative methods of prevention are being explored. A variety of agents with potential chemopreventive benefits have been identified, including cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitors (coxibs) even though these agents have not been approved for this use in the United States. COX-2 is overexpressed in colonic adenomas and cancers, and its inhibition has been shown to produce regression of polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis. Nonselective COX inhibition with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been consistently associated with reductions in the risk of mortality and the incidence of colorectal adenomas and cancers in case-control studies. Thus, selective COX-2 inhibition is a potential method of risk reduction in high-risk screening and surveillance groups, and large-scale trials of coxibs for the prevention of recurrence of adenomas after polypectomy are currently underway.
journal_name
J Pain Symptom Managejournal_title
Journal of pain and symptom managementauthors
Rex DKdoi
10.1016/s0885-3924(02)00375-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-04-01 00:00:00pages
S41-50issue
4 Suppleissn
0885-3924issn
1873-6513pii
S0885392402003755journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Palliative care services provided to patients and families vary substantially across hospices. Literature suggests regulation can act as a standardizing force in health care delivery. However, little is known about the effect of regulation on the delivery of palliative care in hospice and whether its effect differs fo...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.09.014
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Although studies show disparities in hospice care utilization, many questions remain regarding the causes of these disparities. Most studies focus on a single ethnic/racial group, and most use physician informants. None compare and contrast views of multiple stakeholders or use a systems approach within a singl...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.02.012
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), initially developed in Canada, has been previously used but not adequately adapted and validated for use in Brazil. OBJECTIVES:The goal of the present study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation and clinical validation of the NIPS for use in the Brazilian population....
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.03.019
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The extremity edema of advanced disease is a common, multifactorial feature, which impairs patients' activities and quality of life. The most frequently chosen management is based on combined decongestive physiotherapy or pharmacotherapy (with diuretics or steroids). Subcutaneous lymphatic drainage in refr...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.12.481
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 2200 subjects were enrolled in the MorphiDex (MS:DM) development program, with a 1:1 (weight:weight) ratio of morphine sulfate (MS) to dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DM). Of the 1400 subjects exposed to MorphiDex, more than 350 subjects were treated for at least 6 months, and over 200 subjects were treated f...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(99)00131-1
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cross-sectional study was conducted among 249 Chinese cancer patients with multiple diagnoses to validate a Chinese version of the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI-C). Cronbach's coefficient alpha was 0.92 for fatigue severity items and 0.90 for fatigue interference items. Construct validity was explored by principal fa...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2003.09.008
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Initial dose finding in patients with cancer pain who are started on TTS fentanyl (Duragesic, TTS-F) is often unsatisfactory with currently recommended doses and intervals. Acknowledging that studies reveal a "psuedo steady state" 15 to 20 hr after application of TTS-F, we prospectively investigated an increased initi...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0885-3924(95)00162-x
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Does octreotide reduce vomiting in cancer-associated bowel obstruction? OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the net effect of adding octreotide or placebo to standardized therapies on the number of days free of vomiting for populations presenting with vomiting and inoperable bowel obstruction secondary to cancer or its tre...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.09.013
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Patient demographic and clinical factors have known associations with acute health care utilization (AHCU) among patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), but it is unknown if pain measured predominantly in an outpatient setting is a predictor of future AHCU in patients with SCD. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.08.020
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Palliative care research is challenged by a disagreement as to what palliative care is, when it should be offered and what conditions warrant specialized palliative care services. These challenges became evident when we used a population-based data linkage to evaluate the delivery of palliative care services in Wester...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2005.12.018
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Three important causes of death in the U.S. (cancer, congestive heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) are preceded by long periods of declining health; often, family members provide most care for individuals who are living with serious illnesses and are at risk for impaired well-being. OBJE...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.09.018
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiotherapy is an indispensable modality in the palliation of cancer. All palliative care programs should be acquainted with its indications and have a close working relationship with a radiation oncology department. The technical aspects of the subject may be intimidating to many staff and patients, and departments ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0885-3924(91)90030-8
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concerns about the safety of therapy with methadone, which may arise because of its pharmacokinetic characteristics and inappropriate dosing, may deter clinicians from using this drug, especially in elderly patients. Experience is accumulating that the drug may be used safely and successfully if low doses are given in...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(99)00048-2
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe self-reported strategies used by persons living with HIV/AIDS in Botswana, Lesotho, South Africa, and Swaziland to manage common HIV-related symptoms. A questionnaire asked participants to list three to six symptoms they had recently experienced, the care strategies they had used to make them better, where...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2004.05.007
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Technology is making the routine screening of symptoms and the measurement of quality of life (QoL) more feasible at the point of care. However, most existing symptom screening scales and QoL measures were not developed for clinical use and were not formatted and validated for administration through computerized mediu...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2003.04.003
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the relationship between patient and partner ratings of self-efficacy for symptom control and quality of life (QOL) among 40 African American prostate cancer survivors and their intimate partners. Data analyses revealed that cancer survivors who had rated their self-efficacy for symptom control hig...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2004.02.020
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite significant morbidity and mortality among patients with decompensated cirrhosis, reported rates of advance directive (AD) completion and goals of care discussions (GCDs) between patients and providers are very low. We aimed to improve these rates by implementing a hepatologist-led advance care planni...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.12.355
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concerns have been voiced about financial pressures faced by rural hospices, because of possible implications for hospice access in rural areas. To assess whether financial performance differs between existing urban and rural hospices, we used the 2003 California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development sur...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2008.01.008
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of alcoholism among terminally ill cancer patients when assessed by multidisciplinary interviews and by the CAGE Questionnaire. We reviewed the charts of 100 consecutive patients assessed by a multidisciplinary team for the presence of alcoholism ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0885-3924(95)00084-4
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain death is a traumatic and sudden event following a severe injury to the brain. Most patients with brain death spend the last days of life in an intensive care unit (ICU), where some families will be approached to ask for organ donation. This qualitative study was carried out with relatives of patients who had die...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2008.04.013
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Although episodic breathlessness (EB) is reported to be highly prevalent in advanced disease, our understanding about it is limited. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to systematically review and synthesize the evidence on EB regarding definition, characteristics, and patients' experiences. METHODS:Systema...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2012.02.022
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The Cancer Control Act was passed in Japan in 2007, and various additional programs on palliative care have been implemented to improve quality of life and relieve pain and suffering in patients with cancer. However, how clinical settings have changed remains unclear. OBJECTIVES:The primary aim of the present ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.08.034
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Audits have been proposed for estimating possible recruitment rates to randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but few studies have compared audit data with subsequent recruitment rates. OBJECTIVES:To compare the accuracy of estimates of potential recruitment from a retrospective consecutive cohort audit of actua...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.11.022
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of changes in hemoglobin levels to changes in fatigue and cognitive functioning in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Seventy-seven (77) patients completed a self-administered measure of fatigue and a battery of psychometrician-administered measures...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2003.11.002
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several aspects of venipuncture technique were evaluated to assess their relationship to reported pain. Subjects were 514 children aged 5-17 who had venipuncture performed by a technician in a hospital outpatient laboratory. A research assistant timed the duration of venipuncture and then obtained visual analogue pain...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0885-3924(92)90087-x
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Palliative care began in Kyrgyzstan in 2005 as a pilot home-based care program in Osh Cancer Center and was supported by a small group of nurses and one physician from Scotland. In 2010, the Soros Foundation-Kyrgyzstan and the Open Society Foundation's International Palliative Care Initiative began supporting work on ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.05.010
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::New effective analgesics are needed for the treatment of pain. Buprenorphine, a partial mu-opioid agonist which has been in clinical use for over 25 years, has been found to be amenable to new formulation technology based on its physiochemical and pharmacological profile. Buprenorphine is marketed as parenteral, subli...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2004.07.005
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Systematic reviews and meta-analyses suggest that community specialist palliative care services (SPCSs) can avoid hospitalizations and enable home deaths. But more information is needed regarding the relative efficacies of different models. Family caregivers highlight home nursing as the most important service,...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2012.02.017
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Factors contributing to and impeding palliative care (PC) development in Africa can provide insights into current strategies for advancing PC. OBJECTIVES:To identify key factors affecting PC development in African countries from in-country PC experts' perspectives. METHODS:About 16 PC experts from seven Afric...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2018.01.009
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five patients with chronic nonmalignant pain were transferred from other analgesics to oral methadone. The method of transferring to oral methadone is described and issues of cost effectiveness, convenience, improved analgesia, and adverse effects are discussed. Oral methadone may provide a cost-effective alternative ...
journal_title:Journal of pain and symptom management
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0885-3924(95)00191-3
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00