Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Nucleic acid amplification tests permit widespread screening for Chlamydia trachomatis. However, the public health benefit of screening may be reduced by high chlamydia incidence and repeat infection rates. GOAL:To study chlamydia incidence and repeat infection among clients of a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic. STUDY DESIGN:A retrospective cohort study of all clients tested for chlamydia on two or more occasions during a 30-month period. RESULTS:Between January 1, 1997 and June 30, 1999, 3568 clients were tested on multiple occasions. Of these, 491 (13.8%) had positive test results at their first visit (baseline infections), and 385 (10.8%) had positive results at a subsequent visit (incident infections). The overall incidence was 11.7 per 100 person-years of follow-up evaluation (95% CI, 10.6-12.9). The incidence was significantly higher among those 25 years of age or younger (19.7/100 person-years; 95% CI, 17.3-22.2) than among older subjects (6.8/100 person-years, 95% CI, 5.7-7.9; relative hazard, 3.0; 95% CI, 2.5-3.7). The incidence of new infections among persons without a baseline infection was 10.0 per 100 person-years (95% CI, 8.8-11.2), whereas the incidence of repeat infections was 23.6 per 100 person-years (95% CI, 18.9-28.2; relative hazard, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.9-3.0), with repeat infections accounting for 26% of all incident infections. In the multivariate analysis, the factors associated with new infections included young age, black race, male gender, history of sexually transmitted disease, a new sex partner in the previous 30 days, and inconsistent condom use. The factors associated with repeat infection were younger age, nonuse of condoms, and no treatment after contact with a partner who had a diagnosis of chlamydia or a chlamydia-related condition, as measured at the initial visit. CONCLUSIONS:Among clients making multiple visits to the clinic, repeat infection rates were significantly higher than new infection rates, likely because of reexposure to untreated partners. These findings point to the need for more effective strategies to prevent chlamydia infection, including enhanced partner management services and rescreening.
journal_name
Sex Transm Disjournal_title
Sexually transmitted diseasesauthors
Rietmeijer CA,Van Bemmelen R,Judson FN,Douglas JM Jrdoi
10.1097/00007435-200202000-00001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-02-01 00:00:00pages
65-72issue
2eissn
0148-5717issn
1537-4521journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The Cuban Ministry of Public Health plans to implement the syndromic approach to sexually transmitted diseases in persons with urethral or vaginal syndrome in Cuba using 500 mg ciprofloxacin as therapy. Although the emergence of clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with decreased suscept...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-200102000-00004
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The accuracy of the routine Papanicolaou (Pap) smear in diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the cervix has stimulated controversial reports over the years. In the present study Pap smears from 100 women, evenly divided between culture-positive and culture-negative for C. trachomatis, who had been seen in a...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-198901000-00003
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specimens of urethral exudate from 200 men with uncomplicated urethritis were tested for Neisseria gonorrhoeae by the limulus amebocyte lysate assay, culture on modified Thayer-Martin medium, and gram-stained smear. As compared with cultures, the sensitivity and specificity of the limulus assay were 94.8% and 89.3%, r...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-198107000-00001
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Interpreting the results of any study requires careful analysis to determine how selective participation may have influenced the findings. Participation in a study of sexual behavior may be influenced by who is doing the study, who the participants are, what it means to participate, what the s...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00007435-199505000-00007
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antiretroviral therapy effectively reduces the risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission, but in the context of undetectable equals untransmittable and decreased condom use, rates of syphilis are increasing. In Oregon, syphilis has risen over 20-fold in the past decade, from less than 30 to approxima...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001015
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rising rates of antiretroviral drug resistance among recently infected persons are evidence of high-risk behavior among persons in HIV care. GOAL:The goal was to determine HIV transmission risk behavior among persons in HIV care and evaluate its association with treatment adherence. STUDY DESIGN:The study ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-200305000-00005
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using data from a nationally representative survey, we identified predictors of chlamydial infection in women aged 26 to 39 years. Chlamydia prevalence was low overall but varied by sociodemographics and sexual behaviors. Findings support current recommendations that women older than 25 years should not be routinely s...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31827cd60d
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia trachomatis was present in cell cultures of specimens from 96 (32%) of 300 men with nongonococcal urethritis, but this organism was not isolated from 100 healthy volunteers matched for sex and age. The prevalence of serum antibodies to C. trachomatis was investigated with the use of a single-antigen, indirec...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evaluating chlamydia prevalence trends from sentinel surveillance is important for understanding population disease burden over time. However, prevalence trend estimates from surveillance data may be misleading if they do not account for changes in risk profiles of individuals who are screened (case mix) and...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000798
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a multidrug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae exhibiting resistance to ceftriaxone and cefixime, isolated in Portugal in 2019. Whole-genome sequencing was performed for typing and identification of genetic determinants of antimicrobial resistance. Because of its antimicrobial susceptibility profile, awareness ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001218
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lifetime cost estimates are a useful tool in measuring the economic burden of HIV in the United States. Previous estimation methods need to be updated, given improving antiretroviral therapy regimens and updated costs. METHODS:We used an updated version of the agent-based model Progression and Transmission ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001366
更新日期:2021-01-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:In the Russian Federation, large sectors of the population regularly undergo mandatory occupational screening for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Objectives of our study were to determine the prevalence of syphilis and gonorrhea in the screened occupational groups in Moscow and to conduct a cost-effe...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31816f1c65
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate factors associated with recurrent chlamydial infection and failure to return for retesting in socioeconomically disadvantaged women (aged 16-24 years) entering the National Job Training Program, 1998--2005. GOAL:To evaluate sociodemographic characteristics of young women associated with recurren...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31815ea2bb
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite over a century of clinical experience in diagnosing and managing patients with syphilis, many thorny clinical questions remain unanswered. We focus on several areas of uncertainty for the clinician: the role of serologic tests in diagnosing syphilis and assessing syphilis treatment responses, and the risk of n...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000851
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The QuadFERM+ (Analytab Products, Plainview, NY) rapid identification system was evaluated for its ability to identify correctly Neisseria gonorhoeae isolates from specimens obtained at a sexually transmitted disease clinic. One hundred eighty-five isolates (115 N. gonorrhoeae, 45 Neisseria meningitidis, 16 Neisseria ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-198904000-00002
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We addressed gaps in current HIV prevention research by examining the differences between 2 groups of young men: men who have sex with men only (MSM/O) and men who have sex with men and women (MSM/W). We examined patterns and correlates of sexual risk, and considered how race/ethnicity may affect these relat...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181924201
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Black race is a risk marker for Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Because chlamydial serovar and race could both influence the transmission dynamics of chlamydia, studies characterizing serovars in a predominantly black population are of interest, yet remain sparse. STUDY DESIGN AND GOALS: C. trachomatis isol...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000216027.71144.74
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine changes in the sexual behavior of London gay men between 1998 and 2008. METHODS:Gay men using London gyms were surveyed annually between 1998 and 2005, and again in 2008 (n=6064; range, 482-834 per year). Information was collected on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status of the respondent, un...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181f2ebe1
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a randomized trial among African women with recurrent genital herpes, episodic acyclovir therapy resulted in modestly greater likelihood of lesion healing (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.48, P = 0.098; mean, 5.1 vs. 6.0 days) and cessation of herpes simplex virus shedding (HR = 1.88, P = 0.008; mean, 3.0 vs. 5.0 days) compa...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31823b50c6
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of this review is to highlight selected studies in the economics literature that address sexually transmitted disease (STD)-related topics that are typically not examined in the STD literature. METHODS:Two databases (EconLit and Web of Science) were searched to locate STD-related articles in the...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182389a11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Disease intervention specialists (DIS) in North Carolina have less time to conduct partner notification because of competing responsibilities while simultaneously facing increased case loads because of increased human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. We developed a model to predict undiagnosed HIV infec...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318239da4e
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae requiring arginine, hypoxanthine, and uracil (AHU) may cause disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI). A significant epidemiologic association was noted between the incidence of disseminated gonococcal infection and the presence of gonococci of the AHU auxotype in the community over a n...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-198404000-00003
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sexually transmitted disease clinics can deliver hepatitis vaccines to men who have sex with men, but have been reluctant to do so because of perceived low vaccination completion rates. GOAL:The goal was to evaluate hepatitis A and B vaccination eligibility, acceptance, and completion and the effectiveness ...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/01.OLQ.0000079524.04451.4C
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate opportunities for earlier human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis within a comprehensive public health care system. STUDY DESIGN:Retrospective review of newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients between September 2001 and December 2003. RESULTS:One hundred twenty of 348 (34%) newly diagnosed H...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000194617.91454.3f
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The base-line prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among applicants for first trimester induced abortion and among a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic population with macroscopically visible condyloma is investigated. Cervical cells were collected from 505 women applying for induced abortion. Cel...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of serum IgG antibody to Mycoplasma hominis was studied by enzyme immunoassay in 150 women with suspected cervicitis at a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. Positive levels of antibody were associated with gravidity and parity but not with age, method of birth control, or sexual behavior. Women fro...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The objectives of this study were to understand client and provider attitudes, experiences, and practices regarding HIV partner notification in the United States and to help identify future research and program needs. GOALS:The goals of this study were to synthesize the literature reporting client and provi...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000194597.16236.48
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Two of the major diagnostic methods for Trichomonas vaginalis, wet mount and culture, rely on the continued viability of the organism. Methods to increase the viability of T. vaginalis in urine are needed. GOAL:The goal of this study was to develop a method that increases the time of viability of T. vaginal...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.olq.0000249724.72816.a0
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:To investigate in a cross-sectional study the determinants of oral human papillomavirus infection in 287 individuals who are sexually active. GOAL:To assess prevalence as well as risk factors for oral human papillomavirus infection. STUDY DESIGN:One hundred seventy-eight human immunodeficien...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00007435-199701000-00006
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a high level of coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among persons diagnosed with syphilis in the United States. Public health workers at state and local health departments help inform exposed partners to sexually transmitted disease (STD)/HIV infections to facilitate early testing an...
journal_title:Sexually transmitted diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001201
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00