Abstract:
:The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system has long been known to be involved in reward behaviors. As with other substances of abuse, it has been extensively reported that ethanol influences the dopaminergic system. The present study examined whether selectively bred Sardinian-alcohol-preferring (sP) and Sardinian alcohol non-preferring rats (sNP), differ in the DA innervation in structures of the forebrain that are related to rewarding behaviors. To this aim, we performed an immunohistochemistry study with an antibody raised against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limited step enzyme in the biosynthesis of monoamines. The TH-positive innervation density was found to be significantly lower in the cingulate cortex and in the shell of the nucleus accumbens of the sP when compared with the sNP and unselected Wistar rats. These anatomical structures both cluster in the medial aspect of the mesolimbic system. No differences in other major DA brain regions, such as the nigro-striatal pathway were found. The analysis of cell-body area revealed no differences between sP, sNP and Wistar rats in the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra (pars compacta and reticulata) and the density of the TH-positive fibers was not different in the caudate-putamen. These results indicate a selective reduction of terminal innervation in the medial portion of the mesocorticolimbic DA system in sP rats and suggest that the latter may consume larger amounts of ethanol, when compared with sNP rats, to compensate for the deficiency of dopamine to produce an adequate level of reward.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Casu MA,Colombo G,Gessa GL,Pani Ldoi
10.1016/s0006-8993(01)03296-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-01-11 00:00:00pages
242-51issue
2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006899301032966journal_volume
924pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Sera from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) frequently produce demyelination of central nervous system tissue cultures. The nature of the factors responsible for demyelination is not as yet clearly established. However, several authors previously reported, in in vivo and in vitro models, demyelinating activity in ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)91075-8
更新日期:1979-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) following induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) on population spikes in CA1 of hippocampal slices were investigated. Population spikes were evoked by activation of Schaffer collaterals with a range of stimulation intensities. LTP was induced using θ-pattern primed burst...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02672-x
更新日期:2000-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::The N400 is an event-related potential (ERP) component that is elicited by semantically meaningful stimuli; one of its defining characteristics is that it is amplified for sentence completions that are semantically unexpected or incongruous with the preceding context. Some prior reports using visual sentence reading p...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.07.099
更新日期:2010-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency-dependent effect of various anticonvulsant drugs on the conduction in central axons was studied in the corpus callosum of rat and guinea pig brain slices from the parietal region. Extracellularly recorded compound action potentials (CAPs) were evoked by either single stimulus or high frequency stimulatio...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91636-s
更新日期:1992-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::The enhanced olfactory bulb neural response to familiar odors by young rats persists into adulthood. Ninety-day-old rats who had received neonatal odor exposure had an enhanced uptake of [14C]2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) when exposed to the familiar odor. The odor-familiar rats did not have an increased respiration rate duri...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)90384-7
更新日期:1986-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::Within the framework of the dual process model of recognition memory, prior work with event-related potentials (ERPs) has suggested that an early component, the FN400, is a correlate of familiarity while a later component, the Late Positive Complex (LPC), is a correlate of recollection. However, other work has questio...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.04.050
更新日期:2006-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::Whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques were used to study the comparative effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its principal metabolite, 11-hydroxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-OH-THC), on the voltage-gated sodium current in neuroblastoma cells. The parent compound markedly depressed the inward sodium cu...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)91239-w
更新日期:1991-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::Initial studies found glutamate injury to murine spinal cultures (14-17 days in vitro) to reflect contributions of both NMDA and AMPA/kainate receptors. Subsequent experiments found the spinal cultures to be more sensitive than cortical cultures to injury from prolonged low level kainate exposures, and, unlike cortica...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)00532-u
更新日期:1995-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemic stroke is caused by the interruption of cerebral blood flow that leads to brain damage with long-term sensorimotor deficits. Stem cell transplantation may recover functional deficit by replacing damaged brain. In this study, we attempted to test whether the human neural stem cells (NSCs) can improve the outco...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2004.04.038
更新日期:2004-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::Outbred rat lines such as Wistar rats are commonly used for models of depressive disorders. Such rats arise from random mating schedules. Hence, genetic drift occurs in outbred populations which could lead to genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity between rats from different vendors. Additionally, vendor specific rear...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.041
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats were anesthetized with a continuous infusion of pentobarbital. First we showed that electroacupuncture (EA) suppressed the tail flick nociceptive reflex. Naltrexone (a long acting opiate antagonist) was given either intravenously or intrathecally to attempt to block this EA effect. The naltrexone prevented this E...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90027-3
更新日期:1988-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Primate spinal cord tissue sections were sequentially incubated in serotonin (5-HT), substance P (SP) and methionine-enkephalin antisera and reacted immunocytochemically. The findings indicate that virtually all SP-like immunoreactivity coexists with 5-HT in the ventral horn, while an additional group of 5-HT terminal...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)90755-9
更新日期:1986-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::Antipsychotic drugs are the main treatment for schizophrenia, despite their adverse side effects and uncertain mode of action. Gene expression studies in the brains of rodents treated with antipsychotic drugs aim to uncover this mechanism and elucidate more specific targets for schizophrenia treatment. Previous expres...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.045
更新日期:2009-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::The generation of oscillatory activity may be crucial to brain function. The coordination of individual neurons into rhythmic and coherently active populations is thought to result from interactions between excitatory and inhibitory cells mediated by local feedback connections. By using extracellular recording wires a...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02687-7
更新日期:2001-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Converging evidence implicates alterations in multiple signaling pathways in the etiology of schizophrenia. Previously, these studies were limited to the analysis of one or a few phosphoproteins at a time. Here, we use a novel kinase array platform to simultaneously investigate the convergence of multiple signaling ca...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.04.029
更新日期:2014-06-03 00:00:00
abstract::Stress stimulates the adrenal medulla to rapidly secrete catecholamines (CAs), and the adrenal cortex to release progesterone (PROG), which may locally regulate stress-induced CA release. We used bovine chromaffin cells to investigate the effects of PROG on CA secretion. PROG dose-dependently inhibited CA secretion in...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.02.040
更新日期:2005-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal care is crucial for offspring development and licking/grooming patterns can be induced by sensorial, neuroendocrine, and metabolic variations in the CNS. Important brain functions, such as learning and memory, can be influenced by oxidative stress, which can also modulate pathophysiological processes (e.g., d...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.11.010
更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hippocampal slices prepared from adult rats were loaded with fura-2 and the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in the CA1 pyramidal cell layer was measured. Hypoxia (oxygen-glucose deprivation) elicited a gradual increase in [Ca2+]i in normal Krebs solution. At high extracellular sodium concentrations ([N...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(98)01037-3
更新日期:1998-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::The VIIIth cranial nerve projections in the hagfish, which has only one circular canal in the ear, were studied by transganglionic HRP transport. This nerve has two branches, the nervus utricularis (N. utr.) and the nervus saccularis (N. sac.), each with its own ganglion, the ganglion utriculare (G. utr.) and the gang...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)91610-5
更新日期:1985-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal ganglion cells were labeled with horseradish peroxidase injected into the superior colliculus of normal pigmented rats. It is shown that virtually all ganglion cells with crossed axons project to the tectum, thus including all cell types described so far in the rat. The results contrast with the conclusion tha...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(83)90371-2
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::These experiments examined the effects of intra-amygdala injections of NMDA receptor antagonists on the acquisition and retention of inhibitory avoidance. In Expt. I, rats received bilateral intra-amygdala injections of the NMDA antagonists D,L-AP5 (1-10 micrograms), D-AP5 (0.03-1 micrograms), CPP (0.125 or 0.375 micr...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91188-k
更新日期:1992-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Following lesions of the pyramidal tract in hamsters, retrograde changes were studied in the sensorimotor cortex and in the pyramidal tract axons proximal to the lesion, at survival times ranging from 2 weeks to 14 months. Severe cell shrinkage occurred in layer 5 pyramidal neurons as early as 2 weeks, but there was n...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90130-4
更新日期:1975-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Reciprocal interactions between nitrergic and dopaminergic systems play a key role in the control of motor behavior. In the present study, we performed a comparative analysis of motor behavior (locomotor activity, catalepsy, rotational behavior) and monoamine metabolism in the striatum and substantia nigra of unilater...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.08.006
更新日期:2015-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::Qualitative and computer-assisted analyses were performed on Golgi-impregnated neurons which were serially reconstructed in 3 dimensions. Analysis of the temporal pattern of growth indicated that the initial outgrowth, formation of the adult number of dendrites and virtually all dendritic branching occurred in the pre...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-3806(86)90192-6
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::c-Fos protein is a nuclear protein coded by c-fos proto-oncogene subsequent to synaptic activation of the neurons. We used immunohistochemical methods to visualize the expression of c-Fos protein in myenteric neurons of the guinea pig distal colon and examined the effects of the extrinsic autonomic inputs on the enter...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(02)02943-8
更新日期:2002-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of agmatine (decarboxylated arginine) was mapped in the central nervous system (CNS) in the rat. Agmatine-like immunoreactivity was identified by light microscopy, exclusively in the cytoplasm of neuronal perikarya. Immunoreactive neurons were present in the cerebral cortex, predominantly within lamin...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01200-6
更新日期:1998-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::The dipeptide N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) may be involved in the process of glutamatergic signaling by both acting at glutamate receptors and as a glutamate protransmitter. In the present study we determined the cellular localization and distribution of NAAG-like immunoreactivity (NAAG-LI) in normal human brain a...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00784-1
更新日期:1997-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::The recruitment of performance control was recently explained in terms of the detection of response conflict. One recent hypothesis claims that the degree of response conflict is reflected in an electroencephalographical component, the Error Negativity (Ne). Indeed, in the framework of simulations, variations of the N...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.04.004
更新日期:2006-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear factor κB (NFκB) signaling plays ubiquitous roles in inflammation, immune response and neurogenesis. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) can protect neurons from degeneration. GRK5 also mediates tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-induced NFκB signaling through the phosphorylation of IκBα. Here, we show that...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.041
更新日期:2015-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the role of catecholamines, cell bodies and fibers of passage within the subcoeruleus area (subLC) in the arginine vasopressin (AVP) response to splanchnic osmotic stimulation and hemorrhage. Bilateral chemical lesions were induced into the subLC, approximately 1 mm ventral to the locus coeruleus (...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90929-4
更新日期:1992-05-15 00:00:00