Abstract：
PURPOSE:Arterial distensibility decreases with age. This decrease may be associated with the initiation and/or progression of hypertension and atherosclerosis and may be attenuated by positive lifestyle habits, including habitual physical activity. We tested the hypothesis that self-reported sport, leisure, and work physical activity is associated with greater arterial distensibility (i.e., carotid artery pulsatile diameter changes). METHODS:The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study assessed left common carotid arterial diameters and intimal-medial wall thickness (IMT) using B-mode ultrasound techniques, in 10,644 African-American and white men and women aged 45-64 yr and free of cardiovascular disease. RESULTS:Work activity, but not sports or leisure activity, was weakly associated with greater arterial distensibility in an ANCOVA model adjusted for blood pressure and other covariates (diastolic arterial diameter, pulse pressure, pulse pressure squared, age, race, sex, smoking, dietary fat intake, height, education, and clinical center) (P for linear trend = 0.03). Vigorous sports activity was weakly positively associated with arterial distensibility (arterial diameter change (mean +/- SE in mm) 0.42 +/- 0.004 vs 0.41 +/- 0.002 for the 12.7% of participants reporting any vs no vigorous activity, P = 0.02), and this association was not attenuated by adjustment for IMT, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or diabetes. Repeated analyses with traditional arterial stiffness indices showed similar findings for vigorous but not work activity. CONCLUSION:In contrast to several smaller studies, these findings do not support the hypothesis that habitual physical activity has a strong, consistent positive effect on arterial distensibility.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Schmitz KH,Arnett DK,Bank A,Liao D,Evans GW,Evenson KR,Stevens J,Sorlie P,Folsom ARdoi
10.1097/00005768-200112000-00014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-12-01 00:00:00pages
2065-71issue
12eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to identify electromyographic (EMG) differences in the latent muscle reaction timing (LMRT) of the rotator cuff between trained overhead throwers and control subjects in response to sudden internal rotation perturbation (P < or = 0.05). METHODS:Subjects included 15 trained overhea...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199910000-00006
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The present study investigated the effects of three consecutive days of endurance training under conditions of low energy availability (LEA) on the muscle glycogen content, muscle damage markers, endocrine regulation, and endurance capacity in male runners. METHODS:Seven male long-distance runners (19.9 ± 1.1 ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002098
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Estimates of muscular efficiency in competitive and recreational cyclists at similar work intensities and cycling frequencies were examined. Twelve healthy college-age male nonsmoker volunteers were grouped as either competitive (CC; N = 6) or recreational (RC; N = 6) cyclists based upon previous cycling experience. S...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199611000-00008
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the relative association of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and adiposity with C-reactive protein (CRP) in prepubescent children. METHODS:Forty-five prepubescent children (age = 9.4 ± 1.6 yr; 26 boys) were assessed for adiposity (percent fat) via dua...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181e0355e
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the impact of applying seven calibration equations (CE) in the estimation of free-living total energy expenditure (TEE) over 2-3 d in seven boys (mean +/- SD age 9.4+/-0.4 yr) by the Flex heart rate (HR) method. METHODS:HR and oxygen consumption were measured simultaneously for eight activities (ly...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200008000-00022
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Above a given exercise intensity, rapid muscle fatigue will occur. We explored the possibility of assessing torque threshold for peripheral fatigue during single-legged repetitive isometric knee extensor exercise. We hypothesized this fatigue threshold to be related to the general aerobic fitness level and the ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e318249d701
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten subjects were studied to determine within-subject variance (Swi2), and its components, biovariability (Si2) and technological error (Se2) of residual lung volume (RLV). Each subject's RLV was determined 18 times using the oxygen dilution method (O2D) over a 5-day period. Se2 was measured using a 9.0 l spirometer a...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Light-intensity physical activity (LIPA) accounts for much of adults' waking hours (≈40%) and substantially contributes to overall daily energy expenditure. Encompassing activity behaviors of low intensity (standing with little movement) to those of higher intensity (slow walking), LIPA is ubiquitous, yet littl...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000631
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:A nonlinear dynamic systems model has previously been proposed to explain pacing strategies employed during exercise. PURPOSE:This study was conducted to examine the pacing strategies used under varying conditions during the cycle phase of an Ironman triathlon. METHODS:The bicycles of six well-trained ma...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000210202.33070.55
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For high-intensity muscular exercise, the time-to-exhaustion (t) increases as a predictable and hyperbolic function of decreasing power (P) or velocity (V ). This relationship is highly conserved across diverse species and different modes of exercise and is well described by two parameters: the "critical power" (CP or...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181d9cf7f
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to the invasiveness of direct techniques and problems that constrain the use of popular indirect techniques during very heavy (non-steady-state) exercise, measurements of maximal cardiac output are seldom included in studies of exercise. The acetylene-rebreathing technique is well-suited for maximal exercise; howe...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/00005768-198410000-00016
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study evaluated the factorial validity of a self-report measure of concussion-related symptom severity among a large sample of male, high-school athletes. METHODS:Participants (N = 1089) were nonconcussed, male, high-school football players. All participants completed a single baseline self-report measure...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000183186.98212.d5
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The SenseWear Pro2 Armband (SWA; BodyMedia, Inc., Pittsburg, PA), the Intelligent Device for Energy Expenditure and Activity (IDEEA; Minisun LLC, Fresno, CA), and the ActiReg (AR; PreMed AS, Oslo, Norway) were compared with indirect calorimetry to determine the ability of these devices to assess energy cost in ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818896f4
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been postulated that coactivation of antagonist hamstring musculature during active knee extension aids the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in maintaining joint stability by exerting an opposing torque to anterior tibial displacement induced by the quadriceps. It was the purpose of this study to compare contra...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:High-speed auto racing has been demonstrated to produce accelerated heart rate (HR) during competition. However, it has not been determined whether the increase in HR was due to physical work efforts or a result of emotional stress. PURPOSE:The purpose of this investigation was to examine the physiological ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200212000-00033
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten experienced weight lifters were studied to determine the influence of strenuous, free-weight, squat lift exercise on changes in plasma volume, mean arterial pressure, and the rate pressure product. After a 40-min postural adjustment prior to upright exercise, each subject completed eight sets of eight repetitions ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this experiment was to determine whether reflexive, or more broadly, automatic hamstrings excitation could be elicited during isometric, maximum effort, step increases in knee extension torque. Eight healthy subjects without lower extremity dysfunction or injury performed maximum effort isometric knee e...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Recent literature suggests that subconcussive impacts may influence cognitive functioning across the life span. These effects are suggested to manifest as functional and possibly structural changes. Head impact biomechanics during American football have been characterized from the high school to professional le...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182798758
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Limited information is currently available regarding muscle synergistic patterns and triggered reflex responses during dynamic weight-bearing activities in the presence of muscle fatigue. PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of quadriceps muscle fatigue on patterns of muscle activati...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181d85527
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is thought to result from osmotic and thermal events of air conditioning during exercise at high ventilation rates. The purpose of this study was to evaluate lung function after exercise and eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH) while breathing both room-tempe...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000158186.32450.ec
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the exercise dose-response issue in a sample of 121 regular exercisers categorized as relatively low, moderate, or high dosage physical activity participants. METHODS:Male and female students, faculty, and staff of a midwestern university, currently engaging in various ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199907000-00021
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that stretch-activated ion channel (SAC) function is essential for the repeated bout effect (RBE) in skeletal muscle. Specifically, we investigated if daily injections of streptomycin (a known SAC blocker) would abrogate the muscle's adaptive resistance to th...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e318187cffa
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:A statistical method called "magnitude-based inference" (MBI) has gained a following in the sports science literature, despite concerns voiced by statisticians. Its proponents have claimed that MBI exhibits superior type I and type II error rates compared with standard null hypothesis testing for most cases. I ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001645
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess physical activity, and its associations with health, clinical, and biochemical factors, in patients with stages 2-4 of chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS:Cross-sectional data were collected from 120 patients with CKD enrolled in the Lipid lowering and Onset of Renal Disease (LORD) trial. Patients ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181940aef
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Natural killer (NK) cells are highly influenced by physical exercise. The possible important mechanisms behind exercise-induced changes in NK cell function are cytokines, hyperthermia, and stress hormones, including catecholamines, growth hormone, cortisol, and beta-endorphins. Infusion studies mimicking stress hormon...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1249/00005768-199402000-00003
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Loud sounds can decrease reaction time (RT) and increase force generated during voluntary contractions. Accordingly, we hypothesized that the loud starter's pistol at the Olympic Games allows runners closer to the starter to react sooner and stronger than runners farther away. METHODS:RT for the 100/110 m...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816770e1
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fatigue can be defined as the failure to maintain an expected power output. This is often an antecedent to some sports-related injury. It is important for those involved in physical performance to be familiar with the variety of mechanisms which can lead to fatigue. All too often, a single factor is described as the c...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Blood is a rich source of growth factors that can stimulate fibrocyte migration and help induce neovascular ingrowth. These properties may be able to stimulate a healing response in chronic degeneration of a tendon (tendonosis). The purpose of this study was to assess the biomechanical and histological effects ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200201000-00012
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The present study examined the effect of extreme old age on the plasticity of the rat plantaris muscle in response to an increase in mechanical load. METHODS:Male Fischer 344 rats, aged 7 months (adult) and 25 months (old) underwent bilateral surgical ablation of the gastrocnemius muscle to functionally overlo...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200207000-00010
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the reliability of motor-evoked potentials (MEP) obtained using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) and biceps brachii muscles. METHODS:Fourteen college subjects attended the laboratory on three separate days. TMS was used to obtain MEP with the subject r...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000139804.02576.6a
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
