Abstract:
:The pharmacokinetic disposition of numerous antimicrobial agents is altered in critically ill patients. Pharmacokinetics of trovafloxacin, a fluoroquinolone indicated specifically for severe, life-threatening infections in the intensive care unit, have not been well studied in this population. We characterized the pharmacokinetic disposition of trovafloxacin after administration of alatrofloxacin, the intravenous prodrug, in critically ill adults. Seven patients (3 men, 4 women; mean +/- SD age 59.4 +/- 20.6 yrs; baseline aspartate aminotransferase [AST]/alanine aminotransferase [ALT] 66.0 +/- 40.6/51.5 +/-37.5 IU/L; median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation [APACHE II] score 27, range 15-32) were studied at estimated steady state. Calculated (mean +/- SD) half-life, clearance at steady state, and volume of distribution in all patients were 10.9 +/- 1.8 hours, 161.3 +/- 41.1 ml/minute, and 1.4 +/- 0.4 L/kg. In patients receiving 300 mg, maximum concentration, minimum concentration, and area under the curve from 0-24 hours were 3.6 +/- 0.5 mg/L, 0.6 +/- 0.3 mg/L, and 34.2 +/- 10.6 mg x hr/L, respectively. These results are consistent with published values in other patient populations, indicating that trovafloxacin pharmacokinetics are not substantially altered in critically ill patients with normal or mildly impaired hepatic function.
journal_name
Pharmacotherapyjournal_title
Pharmacotherapyauthors
Olsen KM,Rebuck JA,Weidenbach T,Fish DNdoi
10.1592/phco.20.5.400.35056subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-04-01 00:00:00pages
400-4issue
4eissn
0277-0008issn
1875-9114journal_volume
20pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究相关文献
PHARMACOTHERAPY文献大全abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the impact of having an antimicrobial allergy label in the medical record on clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Urban academic teaching hospital. PATIENTS:A total of 11,872 adults admitted to nonsurgical patient care wards who received ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.31.8.742
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the number of women who have menopausal symptoms after discontinuing hormone therapy, to determine how many of these women subsequently require nonhormonal alternatives to manage their symptoms, and to assess the effectiveness of those therapies. DESIGN:One-year retrospective study. SETTI...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.26.10.1403
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclosporine can be given intravenously or orally, as a solution or soft gelatin capsule. Because of the drug's poor water solubility, ethoxylated plant fats and ethanol are added to the commercially available dosage forms. ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bar code technology has been used for 5 years to improve the efficiency of identifying and documenting clinical pharmacy services at our institution. Data for an entire year (1993) were analyzed to quantify the nature and magnitude of pharmacy services provided for critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICU)...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Traditionally, antistaphylococcal penicillins (ASPs) have been considered the agents of choice for the treatment of MSSA bacteremia. Vancomycin has been demonstrated to have poorer outcomes in several studi...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/phar.1892
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Females of childbearing age represent a large population of solid organ transplant recipients. With fertility commonly restored after transplantation, the possibility of pregnancy becomes a reality for many patients. Since the first published report of a successful pregnancy after solid organ transplantation in 1963, ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/phar.1800
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A formerly infrequently isolated strain of Clostridium difficile known as BI/NAP1 has resulted in geographically diverse outbreaks of C. difficile-associated disease. Such rapid dissemination and distribution of an outbreak strain of C. difficile are unprecedented, with many regions across North America, as well as se...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.26.3.299
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently available anesthetic induction agents provide adequate hypnosis but are not ideal, particularly in the high risk patient (ASA class III-V), because most cause myocardial and/or respiratory depression and some have other important side effects. Etomidate was recently marketed as an intravenous anesthetic indu...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1983.tb03266.x
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the initial steps for implementing pharmacogenomics into routine patient care is selecting an appropriate clinical laboratory to perform the testing. With the rapid advances in genotyping technologies, many clinical laboratories are now performing pharmacogenomic testing. Selection of a reference laboratory dep...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/phar.1985
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skilled nursing facilities and nursing homes are care settings that offer increasing opportunities for pharmacists to take the lead when addressing the new updated Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) requirements coupled with enhanced quality measures reporting. In addition, the complexity of the medicati...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/phar.2155
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The atypical antipsychotic agents clozapine and risperidone bring new insight into the care and treatment of patients with schizophrenia. Since their introduction, several names (e.g., novel, atypical, serotonergic-dopaminergic antagonist) have been used to describe the nature of these compounds. The agents are unique...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Buspirone is the first of a new class of anxioselective agents, the azaspirodecanediones. It achieves peak serum concentrations within one hour and has a serum half-life of 2 to 5 hours. Animal studies have suggested antianxiety activity and the absence of abuse potential. Buspirone is both a dopamine agonist and anta...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1984.tb03385.x
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To determine the frequency and type of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among healthy volunteers participating in research, and to investigate the potential for interactions between commonly used CAM modalities and various drugs. DESIGN:Prospective evaluation. SETTING:University gener...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.26.12.1794
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence and inferences from clinical research, clinical observation, and literature review support an etiologic paradigm for the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI). According to this paradigm, changes in immunoregulation and in the activation of cytokines or intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) contribut...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.25.2.145.56958
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To describe the population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic target attainment of ampicillin in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) undergoing controlled hypothermia (CH). DESIGN:Prospective, open-label pharmacokinetic study. SETTING:A 189-bed, freestanding children's tertiary care ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/phar.1916
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of telephone follow-up on the physical well-being dimension of health-related quality of life in patients with cancer. DESIGN:Randomized, controlled trial. SETTING:Public teaching hospital. PATIENTS:One hundred fifty patients with cancer who were discharged to home from the hospital....
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1592/phco.22.15.1301.33480
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (sALCL), which is a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, are relatively uncommon lymphoproliferative types of cancer. These malignancies are highly curable with initial treatment. Nonetheless, some patients are refractory to or relapse after first- and seco...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/phar.1170
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiretroviral (ART) therapy for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has undergone significant changes over the past 30 years. Many single-tablet regimens (STRs), including newer fixed-dose combination (FDC) tablets, are available, offering patients several options for choosing a treatment re...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/phar.2055
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is the third most common cause of death in the United States and is the number one cause of long-term disability. Legislative mandates, largely the result of the American Heart Association, American Stroke Association, and Brain Attack Coalition working cooperatively, have resulted in nationwide standardization...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.30.5.493
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Starting lipid-lowering therapy in the hospital, especially with statins, has become an important component in the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). It improves outcomes and increases patient motivation and long-term adherence. In addition, discontinuation of statin therapy in patients with A...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.23.4.506.32129
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The newer quinolone antibiotics, including levofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and gatifloxacin, offer coverage of the likely pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and have been shown to be safe and effective treatments for CAP. Two of these agents, levofloxacin and gatifloxacin, have pharmacokinetic and antibacteri...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.21.10.100s.34534
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meropenem-vaborbactam is a new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination designed to target Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Meropenem-vaborbactam was United States Food and Drug Administration-approved for complicated urinary tract infections in patients 18 years of age or olde...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type:
doi:10.1002/phar.2187
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine has found substantial evidence that cannabis (plant) is effective for the treatment of chronic pain in adults, and moderate evidence that oromucosal cannabinoids (extracts, especially nabiximols) improve short-term sleep disturbances in chronic pain. The pa...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/phar.2115
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To compare the effectiveness of darbepoetin alfa with epoetin alfa (recombinant human erythropoietin [rHuEPO]) for achieving transfusion independence and increasing hemoglobin concentrations in critically ill patients. DESIGN:Retrospective, descriptive study. SETTING:Level I trauma center intensive ca...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.27.4.535
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paclitaxel is a novel antineoplastic that effects cytotoxicity by promoting intracellular tubulin polymerization and stabilizes abnormal microtubule structures against depolymerization. Although its clinical development had been hampered by misconceptions about its pharmacology, its scarcity, difficulties extracting i...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1994.tb02785.x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Warfarin is an anticoagulant available as a racemic mixture. The R- and S-isomers differ with respect to relative plasma concentrations, clearance, potency, sites of metabolism, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes responsible for metabolism. S-Warfarin, the more potent isomer, is metabolized primarily by CYP2C9. Gene...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.21.2.235.34106
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Vancomycin (VAN) is associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). Evidence is conflicting regarding the risk of AKI when VAN is combined with an antipseudomonal β-lactam. OBJECTIVES:To determine the comparative incidence of AKI when VAN is combined with piperacillin-tazobactam (PTZ) or m...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/phar.2179
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gram-negative septicemia due to central venous catheter-related infection is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among patients who undergo hemodialysis. Antibiotic-heparin locks are valuable for preserving access sites and lowering the cost and inconvenience associated with central venous catheter replacement ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.22.1.105.33507
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A man anticoagulated with warfarin 57.5 mg/week (international normalized ratio [INR] 1.94) was diagnosed with nonsmall cell lung cancer and prescribed weekly gemcitabine. With the first dose of the first cycle, his INR rose to 3.52, and his weekly warfarin dose was decreased to 52.5 mg. The lower warfarin dose was co...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.19.16.1331.30873
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To examine potential threats to internal and external study validity caused by differential patient withdrawal from a randomized controlled trial evaluating pharmacist management of hypertension, to compare the characteristics of patients who withdrew with those of patients who completed the study, and...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1592/phco.26.11.1565
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00