Abstract:
:This research determined the safety and efficacy of two small-dose infusions of dexmedetomidine by evaluating sedation, analgesia, cognition, and cardiorespiratory function. Seven healthy young volunteers provided informed consent and participated on three occasions with random assignment to drug or placebo. Heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, ETCO(2), O(2) saturation, and processed electroencephalogram (bispectral analysis) were monitored. Baseline hemodynamic measurements were acquired, and psychometric tests were performed (visual analog scale for sedation; observer's assessment of alertness/sedation scale; digit symbol substitution test; and memory). The pain from a 1-min cold pressor test was quantified with a visual analog scale. After a 10-min initial dose of saline or 6 microg. kg(-1). h(-1) dexmedetomidine, volunteers received 50-min IV infusions of saline, or 0.2 or 0.6 microg. kg(-1). h(-1) dexmedetomidine. Measurements were repeated at the end of infusion and during recovery. The two dexmedetomidine infusions resulted in similar and significant sedation (30%-60%), impairment of memory (approximately 50%), and psychomotor performance (28%-41%). Hemodynamics, oxygen saturation, ETCO(2), and respiratory rate were well preserved throughout the infusion and recovery periods. Pain to the cold pressor test was reduced by 30% during dexmedetomidine infusion. Small-dose dexmedetomidine provided sedation, analgesia, and memory and cognitive impairment. These properties might prove useful in a postoperative or intensive care unit setting. IMPLICATIPNS: The alpha(2) agonist, dexmedetomidine, has sedation and analgesic properties. This study quantified these effects, as well as cardiorespiratory, memory and psychomotor effects, in healthy volunteers. Dexmedetomidine infusions resulted in reversible sedation, mild analgesia, and memory impairment without cardiorespiratory compromise.
journal_name
Anesth Analgjournal_title
Anesthesia and analgesiaauthors
Hall JE,Uhrich TD,Barney JA,Arain SR,Ebert TJdoi
10.1097/00000539-200003000-00035subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-03-01 00:00:00pages
699-705issue
3eissn
0003-2999issn
1526-7598journal_volume
90pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with lung failure who undergo prone positioning often receive extended hemodynamic monitoring. We investigated the influence of modified prone positioning (135°) on the accuracy of pulse contour-derived calibrated cardiac index (CIPC) and uncalibrated cardiac index (CIVIG) in this patient population...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e31827fe77e
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Prolonged continuous oxytocin administration during labor may induce oxytocin receptor desensitization, which attenuates the response of the myometrium to further oxytocin, increasing the risk of postpartum hemorrhage. The literature comparing pulsatile (intermittent) versus continuous oxytocin administratio...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000002834
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical decision making and problem solving require a core of basic factual knowledge that must be accessed sometimes months or years after it has been learned. We examined whether 10 compared with 20 total electroencephalogram (EEG) interpretations impacted scores for long-term retention with the residents...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000000095
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clonidine is an alpha(2) adrenoreceptor and imidazoline receptor agonist, which has analgesic, sedative, and minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration-sparing effects. It has been used orally, IV, and epidurally. In spinal surgery, there is a reluctance to use local anesthetic-based epidural analgesia postop...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e31818e61b8
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Ketamine, a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has psychotomimetic activity. NMDA receptor antagonists cause morphological damage in the posterior cingulate cortex, which may be the brain region responsible for their psychotomimetic effects. Benzodiazepines are effective in preve...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-199812000-00040
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:As the surgical population ages, the number of patients presenting with coronary artery disease and age-related loss of pulmonary recoil will increase. Although their influence on gas exchange in this population remains unknown, sevoflurane and isoflurane are used for an increasing variety of surgical proced...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-200205000-00009
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whether intraoperative analgesics have an impact on postoperative cancer recurrence is unknown. Some investigations suggest that the opioids could favor relapse and that regional analgesia and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs could improve cancer prognosis. We retrospectively reviewed our series of breast...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181d2ad07
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Atrial fibrillation is a common complication of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery that is associated with adverse patient outcomes. We evaluated whether preexisting abnormalities of cardiac structure or function detected with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) are prevalent in patients later de...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-200107000-00004
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The extent to which insufflation of oxygen into the posterior pharynx during laryngoscopy prolongs adequate saturation in infants and small children remains unknown. Therefore, we compared oxygen saturation over time in preoxygenated small children with and without posterior pharynx oxygen insufflation. MET...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000001189
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two hundred twenty-two spinal anesthesias were administered with 10 mg. of tetracaine and 1 ml. of 10 percent dextrose to investigate the effects of vasopressors, patients age, and pH of cerebrospinal fluid on the onset and duration of spinal anesthesia. Neither the differences in overall age, cerebrospinal fluid pH, ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During surgery, patients are exposed to multiple foreign substances including anesthetic drugs, antibiotics, blood products, heparin, polypeptides (aprotinin, latex, and protamine), and intravascular volume expanders, which have the potential to produce life-threatening allergic reactions termed "anaphylaxis." The hal...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e3181602e0d
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Midazolam is the most commonly used premedication in children. It has been shown to be more effective than parental presence or placebo in reducing anxiety and improving compliance at induction of anesthesia. Clonidine, an alpha(2) agonist, has been suggested as an alternative. Dexmedetomidine is a more alph...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e31816c8929
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Modulation of γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) by general anesthetics may contribute to their ability to produce amnesia. Receptors containing α5 subunits, which mediate tonic and slow synaptic inhibition, are co-localized with β3 and γ2 subunits in dendritic layers of the hippocampus and are s...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000000423
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The bispectral index (BIS) monitor has been available for clinical use for >20 years and has had an immense impact on academic activity in Anesthesiology, with >3000 articles referencing the bispectral index. Despite attempts to infer its algorithms by external observation, its operation has nevertheless rem...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000005220
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In this study, we compared the effect of light sedation with remifentanil versus propofol on intracranial (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) of patients undergoing stereotactic brain tumor biopsy under regional anesthesia. METHODS:This was a prospective, open-label, randomized, and controlled study...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e3181a3ea3a
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPLICATIONS:A dose of 0.1 mg/kg of verapamil, administered immediately before anesthesia, significantly reduces the increase in peak heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure after electroconvulsive therapy. Furthermore, the administration of verapamil does not reduce the duration of the seizure. ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000539-200208000-00030
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The electroencephalogram (EEG) measures cerebral activity and, because of its use as an intraoperative monitor, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requires EEG monitoring experience during anesthesiology residency. To improve the anesthesiology residents' education at the University of ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000287666.72775.07
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Untreated pain during the transportation of patients after minor trauma is a common problem in emergency medicine. Because paramedics usually are not allowed to perform invasive procedures or to give drugs for pain treatment, a noninvasive, nondrug-based method would be helpful. Acupressure is a traditional ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000539-200209000-00035
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane induces neurobehavioral and neuroendocrine abnormalities in exposed male rats (generation F0) and neurobehavioral, but not neuroendocrine, abnormalities in their male, but not female, offspring (generation F1). These effects of sevoflurane are accompanied by a hypermethylated...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000005097
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficiency of a gravity-dependent autotransfusion system (ATS) for filtering tumor cells from blood was examined under laboratory and clinical conditions. In laboratory studies, reconstituted whole blood was seeded with known numbers of cultured A431 human vulva carcinoma cells then filtered through the ATS. Cance...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199406000-00017
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outcomes after cardiac arrest remain poor more than a half a century after closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was first described. This review article is focused on recent insights into the physiology of blood flow to the heart and brain during CPR. Over the past 20 years, a greater understanding of hear...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000000926
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Postoperative delirium is an important problem for surgical inpatients and was the target of a multidisciplinary quality improvement project at our institution. We developed and tested a semiautomated delirium risk stratification instrument, Age, WORLD backwards, Orientation, iLlness severity, Surgery-specif...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000005085
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine whether injection rate affects the spread of hypobaric spinal anesthesia. Hypobaric spinal anesthesia was performed on 20 patients for total hip arthroplasty. Dural puncture was performed with a 22-gauge Whitacre needle. All patients received 10 mg of hypobaric tetracaine wit...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The function of beta-endorphin immunoreactive material (IRM) released under perioperative conditions remains to be clarified. In 17 patients undergoing orthopedic surgery, we determined beta-endorphin IRM in venous blood plasma and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) before surgery (t(A)); after termination of surgery and ge...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000539-200302000-00034
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The swallowing reflex is depressed by anesthetics. During recovery from anesthesia the rapid return of laryngeal and upper airway reflexes is important to protect the lower airway from aspiration. This study measures the recovery of the swallowing reflex after propofol anesthesia. Fifteen patients undergoing a colonos...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/00000539-199411000-00007
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the perioperative period, anesthesiologists and postanesthesia care unit (PACU) nurses routinely prepare and administer small-volume IV injections, yet the accuracy of delivered medication volumes in this setting has not been described. In this ex vivo study, we sought to characterize the degree to which ...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000001976
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cannabinoid agonists induce norepinephrine release in central, spinal, and peripheral sites. Previous studies suggest an interaction between the cannabinoid and adrenergic systems on antinociception. In this study, we sought to verify whether the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptor agonists anandamide and N-pal...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182707859
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contulakin-G is a novel conopeptide with an incompletely defined mechanism of action. To assess nociceptive activity we delivered Contulakin-G as a bolus intrathecally (0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 3 nmol) or epidurally (10, 30, 89 nmol) in rats. Intrathecal Contulakin G significantly decreased Phase II and, to a lesser degree, Ph...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/01.ANE.0000219586.65112.FA
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Respiratory variations in arterial pulse pressure (DeltaPP) are accurate predictors of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients. The aim of our study was to assess the ability of a novel algorithm for automatic estimation of stroke volume variation (SVV) to predict fluid responsiveness in mec...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e318192a36b
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In certifying competence of anesthesiologists who have finished residency training, knowledge and judgment are evaluated objectively using written and oral examinations. Clinical motor skills, however, are not routinely assessed by objective techniques. This implicitly assumes that knowledge and judgment correlate wit...
journal_title:Anesthesia and analgesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00