Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:1. Establish the prevalence of markers for hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) and G (HGV) in a sample of male and female inmates. 2. Examine exposure to multiple viruses. 3. Compare risk factors for HGV infection with known risk factors for HBV and HCV. DESIGN:Cross-sectional random sample stratified by sex, age and Aboriginality. Inmates were screened for three hepatitis markers. Participants were 789 inmates (657 male, 132 female) in 27 correctional centres in New South Wales, 1996. RESULTS:Overall detection of each of the three screening markers was 35% for HBV, 39% for HCV and 10% for HGV. Exposure rates were higher in female prisoners than males. Increased rates of anti-HBc were observed in Aboriginal inmates compared with non-Aboriginals (54% cf. 27%); anti-HCV and HGV-RNA were comparable between the two groups (36% cf. 41% and 9% cf. 10%). Markers were significantly higher in female injecting drug users (IDU), particularly HCV (90% cf. 66%). Thirty-five per cent of inmates were unaware of their HCV status. For HBV, 72% did not self-report past or present exposure despite serological evidence to the contrary. The multivariate analysis identified Aboriginality, long-term injecting and injecting while in prison as risk factors for HBV. HCV risk factors were female sex, non-Aboriginality, institutionalisation and IDU-associated behaviours. For HGV, female sex and previous imprisonment were significant risk factors but IDU was not. CONCLUSIONS:Blood-borne hepatitis viruses are common in prison inmates, particularly females (HBV, HCV and HGV), Aboriginals (HBV) and IDU (HBV and HCV). Infection can be related to a number of risk factors, which appear similar for HBV and HCV, but distinct from HGV.
journal_name
Aust N Z J Public Healthjournal_title
Australian and New Zealand journal of public healthauthors
Butler T,Spencer J,Cui J,Vickery K,Zou J,Kaldor Jdoi
10.1111/j.1467-842x.1999.tb01278.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-08-01 00:00:00pages
377-84issue
4eissn
1326-0200issn
1753-6405journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Universal hepatitis B immunisation of young adolescents was included in the Australian Standard Vaccination Schedule in 1998. However, rates of immunisation among adolescents world-wide have often been inadequate. Australia's experience in this area is no exception, particularly in States where school-based delivery i...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.2001.tb00567.x
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare average levels of population health for Australia and other OECD countries in 2001. METHODS:Healthy life expectancies (HALE) for OECD countries for 2001 are based on analysis of mortality data for OECD countries, country-specific estimates of health state prevalences for 135 causes from the Globa...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.2003.tb00372.x
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Examine the feasibility and acceptability of an electrocardiogram (ECG) attached to a mobile phone (iECG) screening device for atrial fibrillation (AF) in Aboriginal Controlled Community Health Services (ACCHS) and other community settings. METHODS:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ACCHS staff i...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1753-6405.12905
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been recognised that the Australian National HIV Database may contain multiple reports for some individuals, mainly because of incomplete or inaccurate recording of name codes. The number of distinct individuals diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was estimated from the dates of birth of cases of ...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1753-6405.1996.tb01822.x
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examined chronic disease risks and the use of a smartphone activity tracking application during an intervention in Australian truck drivers (April-October 2014). METHODS:Forty-four men (mean age=47.5 [SD 9.8] years) completed baseline health measures, and were subsequently offered access to a free...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1753-6405.12501
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine how OTDs and staff in rural and remote Indigenous health contexts communicate and negotiate identity and relationships, and consider how this may influence OTDs' transition, integration and retention. METHOD:Ten case studies were conducted in rural and remote settings across Australia, each of an ...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008.00301.x
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the characteristics of Australian general practice that predict performance of Pap smears by secondary analysis of the Australian Morbidity and Treatment Survey 1990 to 1991. Chi-squared analysis identified potential associations between Pap smear rate and patient, doctor and practice variables. Signif...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.1997.tb01696.x
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review describes the changes in composition of mortality by major attributed cause during the Australian mortality decline this century. The principal categories employed were: infectious diseases, nonrheumatic cardiovascular disease, external causes, cancer, 'other' causes and ill-defined conditions. The data we...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.1998.tb01142.x
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify behavioural barriers of service provision within general practice that may be impacting the vaccination coverage rates of Aboriginal children in Perth, Western Australia (WA). METHODS:A purposive developed survey was distributed to 316 general practices across Perth and three key informant interv...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1753-6405.12937
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate written policies, equipment, strategies and barriers to children's activity in early childhood education settings, including participation in health promotion programs and reported time children spend in active play and using screens while in care. METHODS:Cross-sectional online survey of lice...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1753-6405.12529
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We describe the methods used to trace and recruit a cohort (including injecting drug users) 25 years after admission to hospital in Melbourne with hepatitis. METHODS:Information recorded in the original medical record was used for tracing purposes. Subjects were located using the electoral roll, CD-ROM telep...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.2001.tb00309.x
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the prevalence and predictors of self screening for melanoma in a large sample of young New Zealanders. A self-report questionnaire was administered to a sample of 909, 21-year-olds to investigate if young adults check their skin for changes in lesions which could be melanoma, and to identify the f...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.1998.tb01439.x
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Q fever is a serious but vaccine-preventable infectious disease that predominantly affects those working in the meat and agricultural industries. In October 2000, the Commonwealth Government introduced the National Q Fever Management Program. This economic evaluation assesses the cost-effectiveness and cos...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.2003.tb00415.x
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of regional and rural breast cancer survivors at 12 months post-diagnosis and to identify correlates of HRQoL. METHODS:In 2006/07, 323 (202 regional and 121 rural) Queensland women diagnosed with unilateral breast cancer participated in a population-based,...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1753-6405.2009.00449.x
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Does the provision of a nurse-based intervention lead to smoking cessation in hospital patients? METHODS:At tertiary teaching hospital in Newcastle, Australia, 4,779 eligible (aged 18-80, admitted for at least 24 hours, and able to provide informed consent) and consenting (73.4%) in-patients were recruited i...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.2005.tb00770.x
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Timor-Leste is one of the world's newest nations and became a democracy in 2002. Ranked 150 out of 177 in the 2007 UNDP Human Development Index, the country has the worst health indicators in the Asia-Pacific region. The objective of this study was to collect and analyse data on subjectively assessed general ...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1753-6405.2009.00411.x
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Testing is the first step in treatment and care for blood-borne viruses (BBVs) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). As new treatments for viral hepatitis emerge, it is important to document effective models for BBV/STI testing. A nurse-led intervention was implemented across three prisons in Victoria ...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1753-6405.12578
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This paper attempted to examine the question of whether 351 disability services workers in an Australian State Government agency given manual handling training had significantly lower injury rates from manual handling injuries a year post-training than a control group (n = 351) without the training. METHODS:...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.2003.tb00382.x
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine age group- and cause-of-death-specific contributions to area socioeconomic status (SES), sex and remoteness life expectancy inequalities. METHODS:Mortality and estimated residential population data from New South Wales, Australia, over 2010-2012 was used to calculate life expectancy. Inequaliti...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1753-6405.12753
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the contribution of trends in three risk factors--systolic blood pressure (SBP), total blood cholesterol (TBC) and cigarette smoking--to the decline in premature coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality in New Zealand from 1980-2004. METHOD:Risk factor prevalence data by 10-year age group (35-64 ye...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008.00186.x
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infants born to HBsAg- (hepatitis B surface antigen) carrier mothers are highly likely to become chronic hepatitis B (HB) carriers themselves unless their status is recognised at birth and they are immunised with three doses of HB vaccine, the first within 48 hours of birth, concurrent with hepatitis B immune globulin...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.1997.tb01788.x
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An exploratory, qualitative study was used to investigate the social health needs of older residents of a low-income inner-Sydney area characterised by multiple social and environmental hazards. The research was conducted to inform the development by the South Eastern Sydney Area Health Promotion Unit of a strategy to...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.1998.tb01152.x
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess homeowners' intentions to make voluntary improvements to their homes following a warrant-of-fitness (WOF) assessment to highlight health and safety issues. METHODS:We recruited 83 homeowners, including nine landlords, in Taranaki, New Zealand, who agreed to have a WOF assessment carried out on thei...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1753-6405.12895
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the death rates and effect on premature mortality in the Northern Territory of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. METHODS:We ascertained deaths due to acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease for the period 1979-96 from death certificates, a database of all patients with...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.1999.tb01227.x
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To develop, deliver and evaluate a cancer education course for Indigenous Health Professionals. METHOD:The cancer education course combines expert presentations, interactive sessions and visits to local cancer treatment centres. Three four-day courses have been run, in both metropolitan and regional Western ...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00558.x
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the age-specific population prevalence and predictors of uptake of home modifications and exercise to prevent falls in the NSW older population. METHODS:A total of 5,681 respondents were asked questions on fall prevention activities as part of the 2009 NSW Falls Prevention Survey. RESULTS were wei...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1753-6405.12243
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:When the World Health Organization Quality of Life tools were developed by 15 collaborating centres in 14 countries, respondents rated how important they considered various facets of health-related quality of life. The present study compared quality of life importance ratings from New Zealanders with the glob...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1753-6405.12350
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively review the performance of a near real-time Emergency Department (ED) Syndromic Surveillance System operating in New South Wales for identifying pneumonia outbreaks of public health importance. METHODS:Retrospective data was obtained from the NSW Emergency Department data collection for a r...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008.00255.x
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To ascertain and meet current and anticipated needs for residential care and other services by older Indigenous people in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and region. METHODS:With advice from a reference group, qualitative and quantitative data were gathered from 98 older (45 years and over) Indigenous...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.2004.tb00051.x
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify areas of relative need and inform future planning of health workforce and health services in discrete Indigenous communities. METHOD:Descriptive analysis of relevant variables from the 1999 Community Housing and Infrastructure Needs Survey (CHINS), including all discrete Indigenous communities in...
journal_title：Australian and New Zealand journal of public health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1467-842x.2004.tb00702.x
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
