Abstract:
:Diseases of the prostate currently represent a major health problem worldwide. As the age of the male population increases in the future, so will the number of patients suffering from these disorders and the cost for treatment increase. Currently, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer are common in men over 50 years of age. In men after puberty, prostatic infections (prostatitis) are common. Each condition carries with it controversy regarding the most cost-effective treatment. Treatment for these disorders can include surgical intervention, drug therapy, or no treatment at all. In the United States, surgery is the usual treatment of BPH in men over 65 years of age, but most patients with BPH are asymptomatic and require no intervention. Aside from acute urinary retention or backpressure that compromises renal function, the indications to perform surgery are questionable. While some alpha-adrenergic antagonists are used to temporarily relieve symptoms, many patients with BPH will eventually require surgery. Transurethral resection of the prostate is the surgical treatment of choice in selected patients with BPH, accounting for over 90% of surgery performed in this area. The risk-to-benefit ratio for this procedure is favourable and cost-saving steps can be taken by the physician. Open prostatectomy, both suprapubic and retropubic, is performed to treat large prostates. However, both hospital stay and overall morbidity is higher for open prostatectomy than for transurethral prostatic resection. Radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy are commonly performed to treat patients with cancer of the prostate. For patients with the early stages of the disease, administering no treatment is also acceptable. Each therapeutic method has its advocates, and overall survival rates are similar for all treatments. Radiotherapy, however, is less expensive. We review the magnitude of these diseases, therapies available and relevant cost-effectiveness studies. When this sort of scientific information is not taken into account, the physician's decision of which therapy to choose is sometimes blinded by the prejudices and fears of the patient.
journal_name
Pharmacoeconomicsjournal_title
PharmacoEconomicsauthors
Amin EA,Amin Mdoi
10.2165/00019053-199201050-00007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-05-01 00:00:00pages
357-69issue
5eissn
1170-7690issn
1179-2027journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Although decision making about what drugs to include in an institutional formulary appears to lend itself readily to quantitative techniques such as decision analysis and cost-benefit analysis, a review of the literature reveals that very little has been published in this area. Several of the published decision analy...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199303060-00005
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Before the new round of healthcare reform in China, primary healthcare providers could obtain a fixed 15 % or greater mark-up of profits by prescribing and selling medicines. There were concerns that this perverse incentive was a key cause of irrational medicine use. China's new Essential Medicines Program (...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-013-0068-z
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A cost-effectiveness analysis of oral capecitabine versus intravenous bolus 5-fluorouracil/l-leucovorin (FU/LV) as adjuvant therapy in patients with stage 3 colon cancer was performed from a Japanese healthcare payer perspective. METHODS:Adjuvant therapy comprised 24 weeks of treatment with either oral capec...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11310110-000000000-00000
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are regularly used in health economics to elicit preferences for healthcare products and programmes. There is growing recognition that DCEs can provide more than information on preferences and, in particular, they have the potential to contribute more directly to outcome measurement ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200826080-00004
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we consider the evolving American healthcare landscape and what it means for the use of economic evaluation of health interventions. We emphasise that use of economic evaluation in the US is unlikely to follow the European, Canadian or Australian models, which use cost effectiveness openly and explicitly...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200624110-00012
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several randomised comparative trials have shown that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) reduces the duration of neutropenia, hospitalisation and intravenous antibacterial use in patients with cancer who are receiving high-dosage antineoplastic therapy. However, one area that has received less attention is ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199711060-00005
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To review and critically evaluate published cost-utility analyses (CUAs) pertaining to pharmaceuticals for the past 3 decades. We examined data from the Tufts Medical Center Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry (www.cearegistry.org), which contains detailed information on English-language CUAs and their ratios (in $US...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11312720-000000000-00000
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Heart failure (HF) is a well-recognized public health concern and imposes high economic and societal costs. Decision analytic models exist for evaluating the economic ramifications associated with HF. Despite this, studies that appraise these modelling approaches for augmenting best-practice decisions remain...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-018-0755-x
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a global perspective to the economic consequences of diabetes, which is illustrated in the many publications now being produced on this subject. Because of the higher prevalence of type II diabetes, its impact is greater than that of type I diabetes in both developed and developing countries (but particularly...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-199500081-00017
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To estimate the direct and indirect costs of morbidity and mortality attributable to alcohol consumption in Germany from a societal perspective in 2002. METHODS:Using the concept of attributable risks and the prevalence-based approach, age- and gender-specific alcohol-attributable fractions for morbidity and morta...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200725070-00006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In many healthcare systems, affordability concerns can lead to restrictions on the use of expensive efficacious therapies. However, there does not appear to be any consensus as to the terminology used to describe affordability, or the thresholds used to determine whether new drugs are affordable. OBJECTIVES...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40273-017-0514-4
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To reach the French market, a new drug requires a marketing authorization (MA) and price and reimbursement agreements. These hurdles could delay access to new and promising drugs. Since 1992, French law authorizes the use of unlicensed drugs on an exceptional and temporary basis through a compassionate-use p...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-013-0039-4
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a recent leading article in PharmacoEconomics, Nuijten described some methods for incorporating uncertainty into health economic models and for utilising the information on uncertainty regarding the cost effectiveness of a therapy in resource allocation decision-making. His proposals are found to suffer from seriou...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200523060-00001
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of health-related QOL (HR-QOL) measures specifically designed for people with diabetes mellitus have appeared in the literature. This article provides a selective review of 12 measures that address this important construct. For each included study, a description of the measure and its development phase is pro...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200422170-00002
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advanced controlled release (CR) dosage forms are relative newcomers to pharmaceutical markets, and few studies relate their efficacy, safety or compliance benefits to economic value. This literature review was undertaken to assess the cost effectiveness of CR dosage forms using such measures as purchase costs, total ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.2165/00019053-199405060-00005
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive inflammatory lung disease associated with increasing morbidity and mortality and an economic burden that stretches beyond the patient to healthcare systems. Avoiding exacerbations and subsequent hospitalizations is an important clinical aim and ca...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11590380-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Patient heterogeneity is the part of variability that can be explained by certain patient characteristics (e.g. age, disease stage). Population reimbursement decisions that acknowledge patient heterogeneity could potentially save money and increase population health. To date, however, economic ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40273-012-0015-4
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacoeconomics of the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin in the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism have mostly been investigated in cost-effectiveness studies that estimated direct costs associated with treatment, using decision analyses and clinical outcome data from randomised con...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200220040-00002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of evidence to demonstrate 'value for money' is regarded as an important step in facilitating the search for the optimal allocation of limited resources and has become an essential component in healthcare decision making. Real-world evidence collected from de-identified individuals throughout the conti...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-020-00927-1
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical and economic factors that are important to consider when selecting anaesthesia for day-case surgery can differ from those for inpatient anaesthesia. Patients undergoing day-case surgery tend to be healthier and have shorter durations of surgery. They expect less anxiety before surgery, amnesia for the surgica...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200017030-00003
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our objective was to assess the quality of reporting of original economic research articles in PharmacoEconomics from inception to the end of 1995, in order to identify areas of strength and weakness, and analyse trends over time. Each regular issue of the journal was examined for original economic evaluations. Accept...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199712060-00008
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the potential savings in overall cardiovascular disease (CVD) treatment costs for the US population with coronary artery disease (CAD) resulting from the use of amlodipine. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:Using patient-level data from a retrospective analysis of the Prospective Evaluation of the Vascula...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00019053-200220080-00005
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During the 1990s, a number of new cytotoxic agents with clinically relevant activity in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and with a more favourable therapeutic index than drugs already in use, became available. Given the high prices of these new drugs and the large number of patients affected, it is impor...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200523110-00007
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the CNS, typically striking adults during the primary productive time of their life. The symptoms of MS can restrict the individual's physical activity and income-earning ability, resulting in a major financial burden on the patient, family, health system and society. This syste...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.2165/11532230-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Like other developed countries with aging populations, Sweden is expecting large increases in the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and corresponding escalations in the cost of care for patients with this disease. Galantamine, a new acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and nicotinic modulator, has proved effective...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200220090-00006
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Economic evaluations of new diabetes therapies rely heavily upon the UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) equations for prediction of cardiovascular events; however, concerns persist regarding their relevance to current clinical practice and appropriate use in populations other than newly diagnosed patients....
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-014-0225-z
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disease management is a systematic approach to a health condition or a healthcare intervention that organises preventative, interventional and care approaches throughout the continuum of care and which measures outcomes in terms of populations, not individuals. Disease management's advantage over the current component...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-199814010-00002
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the literature on risk-sharing agreements, including conceptual, theoretical and empirical (number of agreements and their achievements) perspectives, and stakeholders' perceptions. METHODS:We conducted a systematic literature search in MEDLINE from 2000 to ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-019-00838-w
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To determine the economic impact (cost-benefit analysis) of childhood varicella vaccination, with the Oka/Merck varicella zoster virus vaccine live (Varivax) in Italy. METHODS:This analysis is based on an epidemiological model of varicella zoster virus (VZV) dynamics adapted to the Italian situation. Cost data (Eu...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200422130-00003
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Germany is in a period of transition with regard to healthcare reform. The number and intensity of cost control interventions increased during the last decade in an attempt to contain healthcare expenditure. The German legislature has implemented long term macroeconomic measures such as contribution rate stability and...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199600102-00013
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00