Abstract:
AIM:To determine the economic impact (cost-benefit analysis) of childhood varicella vaccination, with the Oka/Merck varicella zoster virus vaccine live (Varivax) in Italy. METHODS:This analysis is based on an epidemiological model of varicella zoster virus (VZV) dynamics adapted to the Italian situation. Cost data (Euro, 2002 values) were collected through a literature review. Several vaccination scenarios were analysed: (i) routine vaccination programme for children aged 1-2 years with different levels of vaccination coverage (90%, 70% and 45%) without any catch-up programme; (ii) routine vaccination programme for children aged 1-2 years with different levels of vaccination coverage (90%, 70% and 45%) completed by a catch-up programme for 6-year-old children over the first 5 years of vaccine marketing; and (iii) routine vaccination programme for children aged 1-2 years with different levels of vaccination coverage (90%, 70% and 45%) completed by a catch-up programme during the first year of vaccine marketing for children aged 2-11 years. PERSPECTIVES:A societal perspective, including both direct and indirect costs, and a health-system perspective, limited to costs supported by Italian Health Authorities, were considered. RESULTS:A routine vaccination programme has a clearly positive impact on chickenpox morbidity. Respectively, 68% and 57% of chickenpox-related hospitalisations and deaths could be prevented with a 90% coverage rate. With vaccination costs being more than offset by a reduction in chickenpox treatment costs in the base case, such a programme could also induce savings from both a societal and a health-system perspective (40% and 12% savings, respectively for a 90% coverage rate). A lower coverage rate reduces cost savings, but there is still a 9% decrease in overall societal costs for a 45% coverage rate. Although the reduction in total societal costs was robust to the sensitivity analyses performed, a slight uncertainty remains regarding cost reduction from a health-system perspective. However, in this latter perspective, even in the worst-case scenario of the sensitivity analysis, routine vaccination programmes may be cost effective, the worst-case scenario for cost parameters leading to cost per life-year gained of Euro2853. Catch-up programmes combined with routine vaccination should lead to further cost reductions from a societal perspective: 15% for a massive catch-up during the first year of vaccine marketing compared with toddlers' vaccination alone, and 11% for a catch-up focused on 6-year-old children for a period of 5 years. However, the impact of catch-up programmes on the costs from an Italian health-system perspective remains close to zero (+/-1%). CONCLUSION:This model suggests, with its underlying assumptions and data, that routine ZVZ vaccination may be cost saving from both a societal and a health system perspective in the base case. In the worst-case scenario of the sensitivity analysis, vaccination remains cost effective.
journal_name
Pharmacoeconomicsjournal_title
PharmacoEconomicsauthors
Coudeville L,Brunot A,Giaquinto C,Lucioni C,Dervaux Bdoi
10.2165/00019053-200422130-00003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
839-55issue
13eissn
1170-7690issn
1179-2027pii
22133journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A systematic review of dementia cost-of-illness (COI) studies in the US and Canada was conducted to explore the policy-making relevance of these studies. MEDLINE, CINAHL, EconLit, AMED and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 2010 for English-language COI articles. Content analysis was used to ex...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11539450-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluconazole (FLU) is an alternative to amphotericin B (AMB) for the treatment of candidemia in non-neutropenic patients. This agent has similar clinical efficacy but significantly reduced adverse effects compared with AMB. Using the database from a Canadian randomised multicentre comparative trial of FLU versus AMB in...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00019053-199813050-00004
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:(i) To project vaccine parameters, economic consequences and market size associated with HIV-1 vaccination of infants in sub-Saharan Africa through the Expanded Program on Immunisation (EPI); and (ii) to assess threshold values for price and effectiveness. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:Cost-effectiveness analysi...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200119090-00005
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of recent findings from the literature imply that the value of a QALY varies depending on the concentration or dispersion of that QALY over treated individuals. Given that funding decisions are currently made under either the assumption of distributive-neutrality or some combination of explicit decision crite...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200624090-00003
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential economic implications of using etoricoxib versus non-selective NSAID alternatives in the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the UK. STUDY DESIGN:Decision-analytical modelling was used to calculate the exp...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200422100-00003
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines the twin concepts of the statistical significance and quantitative importance of observed differences in studies comparing medicines in terms of economic parameters such as cost-effectiveness and measures of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Central to the design and interpretation of any ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-199405050-00005
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Migraine headache is responsible for significantly more healthcare resource and lost labour costs than previously reported. Costs associated with migraine were assessed via a survey conducted in 940 patients, 70% of whom responded. All met the International Headache Society's diagnostic criteria for migraine and had ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199202010-00008
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asian healthcare systems are very diverse, representing cultures, political systems and economies from more than 30 countries with varying histories. Despite the diversity in the region, there has been enormous growth in health economics and outcomes research since the beginning of the 21st century. Whilst Japan has s...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11538360-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:National EQ-5D value sets are developed because preferences for health may vary in different populations. UK values are lower than US values for most of the 243 possible EQ-5D health states. Although similar protocols were used for data collection, analytic choices regarding how to model values from the coll...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11595420-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Cost is an issue when prescribing two drugs with equivalent efficacy. We compared the direct medical costs of topical brinzolamide 1% (twice a day or three times daily) with topical dorzolamide 2% (twice a day or three times daily) in France, Italy, Portugal and Spain in patients with ocular hypertension or p...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00019053-200321030-00005
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this prospective sequential multinational (5 countries) study was to concurrently evaluate the effects of subcutaneous sumatriptan on clinical parameters, health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) measures, workplace productivity and patient satisfaction. This report presents the HRQOL results. 582 patients (a...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2165/00019053-199700111-00005
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the literature on risk-sharing agreements, including conceptual, theoretical and empirical (number of agreements and their achievements) perspectives, and stakeholders' perceptions. METHODS:We conducted a systematic literature search in MEDLINE from 2000 to ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-019-00838-w
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deterministic sensitivity analyses (DSA) remain important to interpret the effect of uncertainties in individual parameters on results of cost-effectiveness analyses. Classic DSA methodologies may lead to wrong conclusions due to a lack of or misleading information regarding marginal effects, non-linearity, likelihood...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-020-00979-3
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are insufficient resources in the UK to fund all new technologies and new indications approved by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). Diverting funding from existing sources will have a detrimental effect on the provision of other priority services. The UK Office of Fair Trading (OF...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200826020-00001
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccination is an underutilised, low cost and effective method of preventing illness. Cost-effectiveness analysis discloses a beneficial role of influenza vaccination in preventing illness especially in patients over 65 years of age and in high risk patients. In one large study, when 150 million doses of influenza v...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199202030-00003
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Head and neck cancer (HNC) and its treatment can affect communication, nutrition, and physical appearance, and the global impact of this disease on patients' quality of life may be substantial. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this systematic literature review was to describe the impact of HNC and its treatment on the ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40273-014-0199-x
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the cost of sequential treatment with once-daily ofloxacin or twice-daily ciprofloxacin in 474 hospitalised patients in different countries. The patients were treated intravenously for at least 3 days, then orally for 7 to 10 days or for 3 days beyond the disappearance of infection-related symptom...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199711040-00007
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to assess the cost effectiveness of using epoetin-alpha (erythropoietin) to augment preoperative autologous donation (PAD) of blood prior to elective cardiac surgery. DESIGN AND SETTING:We designed a decision-analytic model incorporating the risk of receiving allogeneic blood,...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200018020-00006
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop incidence-based estimates of the cost of several diabetes-related complications. DESIGN AND SETTING:This was a retrospective cohort study in a large health maintenance organisation. A total of 8905 patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and 36...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199916030-00005
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug utilisation in term and preterm neonates (i.e. less than 28 days of age) has been investigated prospectively in 4 clinical studies during the past 10 years. 3880 neonates with a mean gestational age of 34.5 weeks (corresponding birthweight 2280g) were enrolled in these studies. An overview indicates a high prev...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-199304060-00005
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Swedish formulary committees are expected to influence prescribing practice by establishing and issuing drug lists and clinical practice guidelines, particularly now that financial responsibility for prescription drugs has been transferred from the national to the county council level. OBJECTIVE:The purpose...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200017020-00006
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pharmaceutical policy reform is currently one of the primary areas of health reform in China. The national pharmaceutical policy of China has multiple objectives: to develop the domestic pharmaceutical industry and encourage innovation, to control escalation of total pharmaceutical expenditures (TPE) which c...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-013-0072-3
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key outcome in cost-utility analyses, which are commonly used to inform healthcare decisions. Different instruments exist to evaluate HRQoL, however while some jurisdictions have a preferred system, no gold standard exists. Standard meta-analysis struggles with the...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-019-00843-z
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Answering the demanding questions asked of pharmacotherapy in the 21st century will require more reliance on the disciplines of pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacoeconomics. Pharmacoepidemiology can help assess patterns and appropriateness of drug utilisation, provide explanations for poor compliance, quantify the frequ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200422002-00009
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To reach the French market, a new drug requires a marketing authorization (MA) and price and reimbursement agreements. These hurdles could delay access to new and promising drugs. Since 1992, French law authorizes the use of unlicensed drugs on an exceptional and temporary basis through a compassionate-use p...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-013-0039-4
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decision makers increasingly request evidence on the real-world cost effectiveness of a new treatment. There is, however, a lack of practical guidance on how to conduct an economic evaluation based on registry data and how this evidence can be used in actual decision making. This paper explains the required steps on h...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-015-0260-4
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Cyclosporin microemulsion (Neoral) is a self-emulsifying preconcentrate of cyclosporin which is more rapidly and consistently absorbed than the original oil-based formulation of cyclosporin (standard formulation; Sandimmun, Sandimmune). This superior pharmacokinetic profile suggests that cyclosporin microemu...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-199814060-00009
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Patient heterogeneity is the part of variability that can be explained by certain patient characteristics (e.g. age, disease stage). Population reimbursement decisions that acknowledge patient heterogeneity could potentially save money and increase population health. To date, however, economic ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40273-012-0015-4
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Low-dose aspirin (ASA) is effective for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke but can increase the risks of hemorrhagic stroke, upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB), and dyspepsia. Prophylactic administration of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduces the risks of these digestive symptoms. We investigated ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-015-0289-4
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The study aimed to conduct a systematic literature search to identify health state utilities for weight change in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to review those values for appropriateness for inclusion in a submission to the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE). METHODS:The searc...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11599420-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00