Abstract:
:Direct administration of a drug into a vein guarantees bioavailability, i.e. the total amount of drug is fully available to the bloodstream for transport to all areas of the body. What is not ensured is the safety, need and 'value for money' of this route. Few workers would disagree that there is increased morbidity associated with this method of administration. Adverse events range from the painful irritation of veins to life-threatening infection introduced by needle puncture. It is proposed that in many situations the disadvantages of the intravenous (IV) route outweigh the advantages. There are many hidden costs of IV therapy ranging from the adverse events associated with IV administration to the need for specialised equipment, consumables and additional personnel time. Recent studies have shown that the oral route can be substituted in many patients receiving IV therapy without loss of efficacy. The reduction in costs intrinsic to IV therapy is an additional bonus. There is a need to increase the use of alternative routes of administration on the basis of safety, quality of life and cost.
journal_name
Pharmacoeconomicsjournal_title
PharmacoEconomicsauthors
Parker SE,Davey PGdoi
10.2165/00019053-199201020-00007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-02-01 00:00:00pages
103-15issue
2eissn
1170-7690issn
1179-2027journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:The process of "mapping" is increasingly being used to predict health utilities, for application within health economic evaluations, using data on other indicators or measures of health. Guidance for the reporting of mapping studies is currently lacking. OBJECTIVE:The overall objective of this research was ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-015-0312-9
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop incidence-based estimates of the cost of several diabetes-related complications. DESIGN AND SETTING:This was a retrospective cohort study in a large health maintenance organisation. A total of 8905 patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and 36...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199916030-00005
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of using different cost-effectiveness measures in the economic evaluation of cholesterol-modifying pharmacotherapy. DESIGN AND SETTING:An economic model was used to examine the extent to which the relative cost effectiveness of cholesterol-modifying agents varies depending upon the cos...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199916020-00008
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The high consumption of hypolipidaemic agents warrants the study of the costs caused by these medicines being inadequately prescribed. OBJECTIVE:To quantify the economic cost generated in 1 year in primary care by inadequate (or unnecessary) prescriptions for hypolipidaemic drugs. METHODS:A cross-sectional...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200119050-00006
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have not previously reported the indirect cost burden of multiple sclerosis (MS) from an employer perspective. To compare annual indirect costs between privately insured US employees with MS and matched employee controls. A retrospective analysis of a privately insured claims database containing disability dat...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11314700-000000000-00000
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) has been increasingly used in preterm infants in the last 3 to 4 years. Recent studies have indicated a reduction in blood transfusion requirements in infants receiving rHuEpo. No significant adverse effects have emerged, apart from iron deficiency (if iron supplementation is ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-199712040-00002
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To obtain utility estimates suitable for use in economic models for chronic spontaneous (idiopathic) urticaria (CSU). METHODS:Patient-level data from three randomized clinical trials-ASTERIA I, ASTERIA II and GLACIAL-were analysed. Health states were derived from the Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days (UA...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-015-0375-7
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, generally progressive autoimmune disease that causes functional disability, significant pain and joint destruction, and leads to premature mortality. It is estimated to affect between 0.5 and 1.0% of the adult population worldwide, increases in prevalence with age and affects mo...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200422001-00002
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deterministic sensitivity analyses (DSA) remain important to interpret the effect of uncertainties in individual parameters on results of cost-effectiveness analyses. Classic DSA methodologies may lead to wrong conclusions due to a lack of or misleading information regarding marginal effects, non-linearity, likelihood...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-020-00979-3
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical studies have shown that the combination of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and a long-acting beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA) for patients with asthma is more effective than the use of ICS alone in equivalent or higher doses, as well as the use of other combinations. However, the relatively higher acquisit...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200624100-00005
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Until a few years ago, griseofulvin and ketoconazole were the only 2 oral agents available for the treatment of dermatophyte onychomycosis of the toenails. With the availability of the newer antifungal agents, such as itraconazole, terbinafine and fluconazole, the armamentarium of drugs available to treat onychomycosi...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199813020-00007
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To estimate the direct and indirect costs of morbidity and mortality attributable to alcohol consumption in Germany from a societal perspective in 2002. METHODS:Using the concept of attributable risks and the prevalence-based approach, age- and gender-specific alcohol-attributable fractions for morbidity and morta...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200725070-00006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an attempt to obtain an appropriate estimate of the excess costs of production losses arising from morbidity in patients with diabetes, we compared the number of sick days and permanently disabled individuals in a diabetic population and the corresponding general population. These comparisons show that the rate of ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199500081-00007
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a key outcome in cost-utility analyses, which are commonly used to inform healthcare decisions. Different instruments exist to evaluate HRQoL, however while some jurisdictions have a preferred system, no gold standard exists. Standard meta-analysis struggles with the...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-019-00843-z
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) invited the manufacturer of pazopanib hydrochloride (GlaxoSmithKline) to submit evidence of the clinical and cost effectiveness of the drug for the first-line treatment of advanced and/or metastatic renal cell carcinoma, as part of the Institute's single...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40273-012-0006-5
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rufinamide (Inovelon®), a triazole derivative, is an oral antiepileptic drug approved in the EU as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) in patients aged ≥4 years. The efficacy of oral rufinamide as adjunctive therapy in patients with LGS uncontrolled on one to t...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11208630-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost effectiveness of dabrafenib versus dacarbazine and vemurafenib as first-line treatments in patients with BRAF V600 mutation-positive unresectable or metastatic melanoma from a Canadian healthcare system perspective. METHODS:A partitioned-survival analysis model with three mutually exclus...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-014-0241-z
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors enhance thrombolysis in patients with acute coronary syndromes. This analysis evaluates the economic impact of abciximab, a GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor, as an adjunct to urokinase in peripheral artery occlusions of less than 6 weeks duration. STUDY DESI...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2165/00019053-200220030-00006
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Before the new round of healthcare reform in China, primary healthcare providers could obtain a fixed 15 % or greater mark-up of profits by prescribing and selling medicines. There were concerns that this perverse incentive was a key cause of irrational medicine use. China's new Essential Medicines Program (...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-013-0068-z
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, the most important issue in US pharmaceutical policy is probably cost containment. Research into pharmaceutical issues should therefore concentrate on this area. Analysis of changing trends in pharmaceutical expenditures, particularly during the early 1990s, would be a useful starting point. Research into t...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199600102-00019
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent licensing of interferon-beta for use in patients with multiple sclerosis has caused concern, in view of the equivocal evidence of efficacy, pressure of public expectation towards its use and the high expected cost if widespread use were to be sanctioned. Whether such alarm is justified remains a moot point....
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199711030-00002
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::External genital warts (EGW) are a sexually transmitted infection caused by various strains of human papillomavirus (HPV). Several studies have described the direct and indirect costs of EGW, while others have reported on the burden of EGW in terms of the impact on the quality of life (QOL) of patients. The arrival of...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11591170-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with schizophrenia suffer numerous relapses and rehospitalizations that are associated with high direct and indirect medical expense. Suboptimal therapeutic efficacy and, in particular, problems with compliance are major factors leading to relapse. Atypical antipsychotic agents offer improved efficacy and a l...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200523001-00004
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to a single error in the annual cost of sarilumab the following needs to be corrected in the article. ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s40273-019-00857-7
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a recent leading article in PharmacoEconomics, Nuijten described some methods for incorporating uncertainty into health economic models and for utilising the information on uncertainty regarding the cost effectiveness of a therapy in resource allocation decision-making. His proposals are found to suffer from seriou...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200523060-00001
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The study objective was to evaluate and compare quality-of-life (QOL) parameters between patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus who changed therapy from an oral hypoglycaemic agent (OHA) to insulin and those who remained on an OHA. DESIGN:The World Health Organization Quality of Life ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-199814020-00008
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Economic analysis of healthcare interventions is increasingly reliant on decision models to estimate the long-term costs and benefits of new therapies. Models permit analysts to take short-term clinical data to forecast long-term costs and benefits. Models should follow certain basic principles and can be appraised in...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-200220001-00002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:This study assesses if, and how, existing methods for economic evaluation are applicable to the evaluation of personalized medicine (PM) and, if not, where extension to methods may be required. METHODS:A structured workshop was held with a predefined group of experts (n = 47), and was run using a modified nomi...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40273-014-0211-5
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increasing number of ACE inhibitors have become available in recent years. Because these agents are all similar, careful scrutiny is required in order to determine specific advantages of particular agents when making formulary decisions. Differences between agents with regard to structure and tissue specificity hav...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00019053-199610060-00006
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent randomised trials have demonstrated a statistically significant effect of trastuzumab on disease-free survival when used as adjuvant therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 protein (HER2)-positive resectable early stage breast cancer, with a treatment course lasting either 9 or 52 weeks. ...
journal_title:PharmacoEconomics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00019053-200725050-00006
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00